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Quadratic Exponential Logarithmic Chapter3

The document discusses quadratic, exponential, and logarithmic functions, detailing their forms, key characteristics, and examples. Quadratic functions are represented by parabolas, exponential functions exhibit growth or decay based on their base, and logarithmic functions serve as the inverse of exponentials. Additionally, it covers solving equations and applications in real-world scenarios such as population growth and compound interest.

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mohd naaman
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3 views2 pages

Quadratic Exponential Logarithmic Chapter3

The document discusses quadratic, exponential, and logarithmic functions, detailing their forms, key characteristics, and examples. Quadratic functions are represented by parabolas, exponential functions exhibit growth or decay based on their base, and logarithmic functions serve as the inverse of exponentials. Additionally, it covers solving equations and applications in real-world scenarios such as population growth and compound interest.

Uploaded by

mohd naaman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quadratic, Exponential, and Logarithmic Functions and Models

1. Quadratic Functions

Quadratic functions take the form f(x) = ax^2 + bx + c, where a != 0. Key characteristics include:

- Graph: Parabola (opens upwards if a > 0, downwards if a < 0).

- Vertex: x = -b/(2a) is the vertex formula, giving the maximum or minimum point.

- Roots or Zeros: The solutions to f(x) = 0 are the points where the parabola crosses the x-axis.

- Axis of Symmetry: The line that divides the parabola into two symmetrical parts is x = -b/(2a).

Example: Solve 2x^2 + 3x - 5 = 0 using the quadratic formula:

x = (-b ± sqrt(b^2 - 4ac)) / (2a)

2. Exponential Functions

Exponential functions have the form f(x) = a * b^x, where a is the initial value and b is the base.

- Growth: If b > 1, the function represents exponential growth.

- Decay: If 0 < b < 1, the function represents exponential decay.

- Asymptote: Exponential functions typically have a horizontal asymptote at y = 0.

Example: Graph f(x) = 3^x and identify the asymptote and growth rate.

3. Logarithmic Functions

Logarithmic functions are the inverse of exponential functions and take the form y = log_b(x).

- The base b must be greater than 0 and not equal to 1.

- Key properties: log_b(xy) = log_b(x) + log_b(y), log_b(x/y) = log_b(x) - log_b(y), and log_b(x^n) = n

* log_b(x).
Example: Simplify log_2(8). Solution: log_2(8) = log_2(2^3) = 3.

4. Exponential and Logarithmic Equations

To solve exponential equations, rewrite them in logarithmic form. To solve logarithmic equations,

rewrite them in exponential form.

Example (Exponential): Solve 2^x = 16.

Solution: 2^x = 2^4, so x = 4.

Example (Logarithmic): Solve log_3(x) = 4.

Solution: Rewrite as 3^4 = x, so x = 81.

5. Applications of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Exponential growth and decay models are used in various fields such as population growth and

radioactive decay. The compound interest formula is another example:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt), where A is the amount, P is the principal, r is the rate, n is the number of times

interest is compounded, and t is time.

Logarithmic functions are used to solve for time in exponential growth or decay problems.

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