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P & O Method

The document discusses the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic systems, which optimizes solar panel performance under varying conditions. It outlines the P&O algorithm's process of perturbing the operating point, observing power changes, and making iterative adjustments to reach the maximum power point. The document also highlights the advantages, such as simplicity and low cost, as well as disadvantages, including potential oscillations and inefficiencies under certain conditions.

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SREEDEV TT
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49 views14 pages

P & O Method

The document discusses the Perturb and Observe (P&O) method for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic systems, which optimizes solar panel performance under varying conditions. It outlines the P&O algorithm's process of perturbing the operating point, observing power changes, and making iterative adjustments to reach the maximum power point. The document also highlights the advantages, such as simplicity and low cost, as well as disadvantages, including potential oscillations and inefficiencies under certain conditions.

Uploaded by

SREEDEV TT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

PERTURB AND OBSERVE METHOD OF

MPPT

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CONTENTS
Maximum power point tracking References

1. INTRODUCTION

2. What is MPPT
3. What is MPP
4. MPPT technique
5. PERTURB AND OBSERVE
6. P AND O MPPT ALGORITHM
7. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

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INTRODUCTION
ABSTRACT

• MPPT is a crucial process in PV systems to ensure that the


solar panels operate at their maximum power point (MPP)
under varying environmental conditions (e.g., changes in
solar irradiance, temperature, shading).
• The Perturb and Observe (P&O) method is one of the most
common and widely used techniques for Maximum Power
Point Tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) systems.

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Maximum power point tracking References

What is the MPPT?

• It is an electronic system that operates the photovoltaic modules in


amanner to extract the maximum power from the system

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Maximum power point tracking References

What is maximum power point?

• It is a operating point at which maximum power can be


extracted from the system. Usually represented as MPP
• The output of solar module is a function of solar
irradiance, temperature.
• Generally MPPT is installed in between PV system and load, Coupling
to the load for maximum power transfer may required either
providing a higher voltage at lower current or lower voltage at higher
current

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• Perturb: The MPPT controller perturbs (changes) the
operating voltage or current of the solar panel slightly. It
could increase or decrease the voltage or current, depending
on the previous iteration’s result.
• After perturbing the operating point, the MPPT controller
observes the change in the power output of the PV panel.
This observation is typically done by comparing the power
output at the new operating point with the power output at
the previous operating point.

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PERTURB AND OBSERVE (ctd...)

• Decide: Based on the observed change in power output, the


MPPT controller makes a decision on how to adjust the
operating point for the next iteration. The goal is to move
towards the MPP by iteratively adjusting the voltage or
current.
• Repeat: The Perturb and Observe method continues to
repeat the process in small steps until the system reaches
and stabilizes at the MPP.

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FLOW CHART

Figure: P & O MPPT Algorithm


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ADVANTAGES

• Simplicity: The P&O method is straightforward and easy to


implement.
• Real-time tracking: The P&O method is an iterative
process that continuously adjusts the operating point of the
PV system based on the observed power changes.
• Robustness: The P&O method is generally robust and can
handle various environmental conditions, including partial
shading, changing temperature, and varying solar irradiance.
It can adapt to dynamic conditions reasonably well.

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ADVANTAGES (ctd...)

• Low computational requirements: As the P&O method


relies on basic arithmetic operations and simple
comparisons, it has low computational overhead.
• Minimal sensor requirements: The P&O method typically
requires only one or two sensors to measure the PV
system’s voltage and/or current, which reduces the overall
system cost and complexity.
• Self-starting capability: The iterative nature of the
algorithm helps it converge to the MPP from any starting
point.
• Low cost

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DISADVANTAGES

• Oscillations: The P&O algorithm is inherently incremental,


perturbing the operating point in small steps. This can lead
to oscillations around the maximum power point (MPP),
especially when the solar irradiance and environmental
conditions fluctuate rapidly.
• Accuracy under rapidly changing conditions is less.
• Dependence on step size: If the step size is too large, it
may result in overshooting the MPP, while a step size that
is too small might slow down the convergence to the MPP.

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DISADVANTAGES (ctd...)

• Performance in non-uniform shading: In scenarios with


partial shading on the PV array, the P&O algorithm may
not be able to handle multiple local maximum points
efficiently.
• Lack of consideration for PV panel temperature: The P&O
algorithm primarily focuses on tracking the MPP based on
changes in voltage and current. It does not take into
account the effect of temperature on the PV panel, which
can influence the MPP.
• Inefficiency at low irradiance: The PO algorithm might not
perform optimally under low light conditions or during early
morning and late evening hours when the solar irradiance is
low. Its incremental approach may lead to slow tracking
and suboptimal power extraction.
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