1

!
( )

! " #$ %& '

2
 :

!
( )

( ) * +,
+, - +, |
( : & + s $ 0
1' 1' 2 &3 $ ||

#4 #4 546. $546, 9 2 :
; 2 < =, #4 546, 9' 4'> ? 6,
= 26, @ 26, A BCD E<
A 6.

* 2 5 9 F ' !G'4 F.

1H &' ' 1H6

1 + &' ' 1 |
I I *( J
1H 1' ||

D ' D 2 <, D K ',

DB L 2 < H ?

3
 F . 6 ( ) D 6"< =. D
K 6"< =.

D 6,
DB K 6 9' <= =+
& FH 6. E< 4H : =+ & FH 6
<=. E 2 :B 2 *$
*5 ?< =.

? 2 9 D M 4 K 6 6?

O 2 P $ K ? B $ <
? BG46. H =+& FH PF QB R
? BG46.

' 9'> 0F < E ?<= <

?

D !$ 0P@H6 Q 6 ' F Q ?

PF S $ : ? B . <
? < ER ? B . 2 <,
= LK FB 6 E LK <= <
2R &FH6 T .

D L < E< U5 L 6 E. 6 &5>

$ < 4H6 . 2 <, D L 2 <
; 2, ‘ ' DB L '’ ‘9 F 6
KB MD *< =’ 9'4 2 2 ' X.

4
 ?H 2 ' X E = , 6
$ < 4 ? H = , >
? H = , ) Y'>"< =.

2 <, 2 < U5 K ?H X ,
Q 2 < H6 * 2 X S #4*
> 0F+, S <= Z LD B .

: . #4* = U5 K 5 ?H
X S $0 .

= ' 2B 0 < B [
Y \B ?H 2 E ?<= < X
? < =.

0 $] ' 1 ^ '
s_ (H F ` 1 |
B$6: + a &
6 $& ' ` 2 2: ||

[ * , 6 , ) 5 <=
) 6 2 ?H )2b c' ? B P<
S6. =' , $ 2 *' S <
' G B ;G4 ' = SB BG4 '.

[ * , 6 9'> & <E*LK

) 5 <= ) 6 9'4 < 9 D?

5
 9' 6 &B . [*5 &B
bGP < [ * , 6.

& " ) 2 L c: &B

4H < 6 ) 5 <= ) G46.

' 2 *& )B <

Y ' MD 6. ' G 2
2 5 0F 2 =' B 0 MD 6.

d > *' G 0F '

= SB BG4 '.

e 2 f$ d$( & 2 gF :
_ ' hi 6 F1

f$ 2 ? < S6. K =P<

9b &<G46. #B SB H 6. Yc 26.
2 5 9' 2 *$ > F
R S '?

f$ 2 ? : ? B P<
4H : , =G E< S F TB ? B
( ) ;D S < *'
? # f$ 92 KG46.

9b &<G46: fB =P< , *A
=P< F 6 FB 6 2 =6 2

6
 2 \ *BG46. 2X =P = Y
#$ %& BG \ * 6 GQG46.

?6 ‘ K 6B ;D B 6 9b
&<G46’ 9'> # KG46.

9' 2 *$: $0 LK
5 9c A. $0 ' 6 =' S ,
, 2 96X ? b < =. ? 5 5
$ 2 ‘ '’ 9\ 0FX ?< =. ?d >
& =M YKbG Y =P = c K .

96X ? b < = 9' < ?b

#D 6 @ 6+ &<= $ : MD < =.
$0 2 ?H =P< G< ? '
9' < 5 * ' Y 2
2 ' G4 '.

&3$ &3 $j 2 _ j _
1 H * 2 k $ & &

< c< =546, = 54 5 < = 26,

9'> G lH 6, 9b 4H 6 9'4
*A 54 ' H6 = mb >G'4 '.

=546, = 26, 9b 4H 6.
?d 4 2 ' 9'4 *A 0FX 54 '

7
 0F < = S *LK*KG4 '.
' = K 5 96X"< =.

S
0X G B 9'4 9;0
= G46. S ?4H6 *K 9'4
= G46. 6, QB P<
n 54b S = R R G'42.

2 G 9b 4H 6, =546,
= 26 9' < = TB 2 $0 ?<= <
G46.

$ & 22 =
1o 2 + 2 |
d [ 2 = _
_ *d [ p _ ||

H & 5 AX S <, = 5 4B
L <, = P2 < K < =. F
( H ) i 2 5 Mn 4H D
? BG4 2 , 2 G4 '. \B H
2 ' ? < c K 6G46.

Mn 4H6 ? < 9' 6 MBG 26.

U n6 B <=6 6B
b < QB 9 F S MD < >
? \B i 2 G < =.

8
 #4F < ' q S $ #B ;K '
9 #$ 9'> 2 6B ;D BG4 2
9 F FB <, S6 S D 0 4H <
MBG 26.

' 2 , & <, PF &B 9'> 9<= 5 :

H )&2 5 Mn .

*$ 6+&) & H g `
& H 2 g # $hi 22 U2 \

$ BG ?<= ', k @B b
S ', 54 ', & ' ?<= ', 2+
&=2b S ', X =
& FH ' ?H < =.

? F < = 9'> & < <,

i 2 H Y O ' 9d > ? B
;K 9' 0F 6G4 ' 9 F '.

_ $r & s $ & t 2
RF _ g 2 ? $ g:

B < E R X 0
S , $0 u> S , ?
2 2 9b S6 9' H6 .

9
 < E R , R & FH
? B MDR 9' < *5 0 B
# LK S6.

$0 0F 5 9c A
? 6. ;[ 6 0X 0$ A
6 u> l. 92 $0 *5
u> ? BG46 92 L 6.

?d 4 2 9b S6 9' H6
9' ' q= MH _ = < 0F L D
? B ;K 9' 6 ER> KG46.

G & <: ‘ =+ ’
_ = b T ‘9 F ' , 6’ 9' 6 '4
F T ? 2 > &lG'42.

) # H I go B _ =
1 $*vL I $ $ F |
& I $r * H
%& B2 & )0 , ||

& < c' = 2 \ *BG'4 ? F,

#\ = 2 w;x 2 ? B P<
H F , P: @: '4 F ,
\- 54 ' T %& BO 2
&l F T M , +
&l F T C>G'4 F .

10
 & < c' =' < =
9' 6 X S 5 6. & < c' =2 B
G BG'4 < = , X = , 2 > , $0
'4 , < ?$; R &'4 G'42.

‘
P: @: <’ 9' ' q=
?$; R #)B MD 6. < ?'
O b S ?< =. ?<= < < ? b
MD 6.

P: @: ?d 4 Y' <= *L <

54 5 #<= < . Y 0 ' ?
B b S '4 P: @: .

‘ ' T , %& BO , T , , *
&l F T & <G4 F ’

%& BO 9' 6 ' 4M BO

yQH B =P= BO <=6 !L )B
y) ? B &l K .

F ' ‘, $ d$ 5 ’ $ 26.
?H )&2 &l $<= F
? 5> 6 D2 2 .

: g63( 2 2 s$ $r $
kF $ , & `

11
 96 #' 5> F TB = ( '>)
A 546 , 546 , = 26 2 > $
* B ( ) , *
&l <= F .

O QB 0 ?H _ = b c< Y
F 0 5 Y # LK S6.

FH 6 @ 26 ; ?H
< 9c L KG'42.

2 $ 2 * &3$ $ 6
6 & $ * 2: $B$1 .

)< 0 &l 2 X ,
= $ X , & $ X H6 ,
2 D S 9'> H6 .

?H ) x 1 2 1o : * _ j & '
H ) 2 RB B 1o F Jz0:

=' $ , = L
9'> & <G4 F . { ' ?H 0
\ * ' 9'> ' C>G'4 F .

12
 ?H ?$;K _ = b )' B
K 2. #' _ = b 0 5
!G'42.

_ *hi 2 ' RB 2 2g g
_ H ) x + O 6vL + ? g $ .

F *A 4 2 , 9 n6 #SX L
2 2 ? BG4 2 , 26 ='
& $ B LK M$LKB $ =
G'42.

_;6 *hi 2 ' RB 2 2g g

_ H ) x + O g _ ? g $ :

F *A 54 2 , Y L 26 '
? BG4 2 ' =' $ LDB bG
& 6B $ = G'42.

Y L 2 CF 26. '
L S T CF 9' < ='
S Y LK LD5 H6*KG'42.

_ *hi 2 ' 2_ : g s!,:

g 2 g g $ & +&

13
 F *A 4 2 , 9 n6 b
9;0 , 5> & < 2 , fl 54 2
? BG4 2 ' H = 2 < =.
' : , : & & $ < @<G4 '.

_6 *hi 2 ' g 2_ : g !,:

g 6 2 _ - (

F *A 54 2 , 9 6 bG
9;0 5> & < 2 , f 2
? BG4 2 ', 9bG H6 Z;K
#4 < = H = 2 G4 '.

*hi 2g $ F _6 2: $B$1 ' $:

g s 2: $ 2 *v 0 : $ .

F *A 54 ( R ) $ LD X ,
D S G 2 B 5 2 X
? BG4 2 2 P' MD G4 '.
6 ? 4 O' = 2 ? # .

14
 F 0M QB R
---------------------------------------

)< Y ' 0 &lG4 '. $ LD

Y ' S '. ' D S #D BG4 '.
~H6 $ $ ?nBG'42. F &<:
Y'> S6.

?6 F 0 .

6 QB B $0 ?6 C4 LK S6.

' - 0 &l '

- $ LD
2 - D S
=' - $
= L -

15
 F 0 &l
-----------------------------------

0 = L S G & =
A ' &'4 ;K . 6 =
L cE H6, =GE H6 *= MD 6.
9 + &l ;K 2 : = L T '
QH D ' & B ;K .

0 ' M 5 R , $ S
> 6 G46. $P' D S <
LK KG46. D S ' ? B $ LD
> 6. 92 0 ' 5 <*
$ LD < F0PB KG46.

$ T ' ( =' T ') $ K =

D S < ( 2 <) 54b S+ &l = 9H
\ ?< =.

$ LD ( ) 4 & E ? H < 0
9d* b :"'> > .

$ LD fbGB ;D H < 0 9'2 ?

?6 & $0 QB P<
QH6 ;D BG46.

=' b BG< G'42. 2

L *QH6 = & c< $H6 G BG46. U 2O<
*A 4*< =. ?H $ < $ LD G
9n &l ;D 6.

16
 *LK*LK 2 6 2 , =' T 2
$ K 2 < ) 9H =\ G < =.

9n < <=6 *A <

9'4 < 9'2?

& $0 X q'> = c< & < KG46 -

? < 0F+,, 2. X, 3. T0FX.

? < 0F+,:
------------------

Y #L yQ =P< ? < 9nG'4

0F+,, 6B %! mH6 6 , * CK LK 6
5>B K <=. #4*PE H ?
5 ? < S2.

6 = Yd O O M ? < B
0 KG'4 ? 5 2 2 B S
? < 0F+,. ?6 Q 2 E H6 <
6 > < =.

6 , ? 5 5 Y ' 26 QB +
yQ = S 9 F G4 '. 9O\ ?6 6
B ' •Q ?<= < * # * <
? 2 ' K MD < =.

17
 X:
--------
4 =GE H6 , QB \ b cE H6
>G'4 X, 4 = + & FH < ?H
X 4 ? B X l ;K. 92 ? 2
Mn # & < MD 6.

T0FX:
---------------

54 X, L X '4 9H 4
$0b c' 6 0R ?' 0F*'
@b cE H6 9nG'4 X ?6. ?6 Y 6
l < =, ?H T0FX *AB 54 F S
c S ? H F .

?6 9< = ) : & < b *< =.

<*, *%i 2 , =, 9'> 9H 6 4
9K : 5 ' '2 , $b TB 2 &=
QG46 T0FX.

?6 *A X *A 6.

? 9'> • (2.49-58) C>G46.

?H ) $ r F : F +& $ 2:
2g_6 $ : $ 1 ' $:

18
 =' S* = L E 2 .
= L S* 2 E 26. 2 *
E 26. B LD: E 26
G lH 6 .

= L =' SB FH6 &

< = L =' S*
E 2 '> # LK S6.

b Y' 4 B ;K
9'4 <
O\ E 2 ;K . ?b
=' TB = L T , = L TB
2M , 26B R E lH S2.

? 2 < ' MH _ = ‘*A 54

R , P' & L 2M ’ LK H
O 2 = 2 ? 5 &FB <= 9'>
#L 6.

*A 54 R .

& L 2 2B & L =
L SR 5 5 & L =' SR
;D B .

6
$ LK & $ *A 5 <
' 0 &lR ', '
& L D S $ SB LK K &) 2
P< &<= B .

19
 ? 2 < 0 ?O X &) 2 X
R .

1 : $ d B d B : $:
'2 $ G%, g vL g $ .

G lH = 26, *5
$ &B = 26. $ &B B $ 2
? 4 ' = 2 F. ? 4 2 * = 26
96X"< =. $ 9< =. $ = 2 E .

U gF j - {
C ( ) $ & |
+ BF
go‡ go‡ F,# ||

9<= PF c: 4H6 S ?H
c LK ) < =. Y L w;x
< ' S ( 2) ;G4 F .

$ gˆF &H $ $
* R H BO |
H \ gF
_ g gF " * ||

20
 b y) ' YcF < =, &H $\
L& $b T YcF < =, "'2< YcF < =.

?H BGO 9 D Yc$ MDR ?

YcFG'4 \&) 54 2 6
YcFG'42. 2 6 ' #$ & < YcFG'42.

' \- 9' 6 & $0 ; S <

0BCD Y 4B L, <= 9'> ?b
C4 KG46.

2 R 0 Y *SBG' c+& .

y) 2B 0 *SB ?

P< =.

U 2O< y) O' #$ & < ' 2 6

YcFG'42.

6 =, *' #$ & <

2 R ;G 4 .

= L SB ; 5 XG'4
y) ', &H $', L& $b 2 6 #$ , 6
X #$ & < '.

92 ' ( X) Yc B L ?H
Yc S < ? = 6.

21
 6 Yc, L, 9' 4<= DB 6
6 & $0 ;G'4 Yc '46,
* $ c 26 9' 4<=
9;xB G 4 .

2 < ; 6 <=.

L $ B_ *SBGE H6 G'4 Yc
'4 <= ' Yc. <=6 X #$ &
9' 6.

2 R H6 6 ' Yc
9'4 X #$ & < '.

?H Yc ;G'4 Yc <=.

6, Ik Yc <=. Y \ !

' \- , ? 4 \- 9' 6 tF \ .

?6 0$ ;D 6. 0FH6 \ *B ;D 6.

54 4B L, = 2B 0 MD 6.

' , ?$B , ?' '4 5 4 0

MD 6, \ *B MDR .

6 =, ' \- R \ *B
MDR *$ 0 MD 6.

22
 ? G v0F F(o2O , 26 ?H B
;x2 < 9' 2 FB ? = 6. 92 2B
9'\ ( XB ;) la B ; 0 G 4'
9'> C>G4 F. (• , 11.8)

H ( ) 6 9 D?

?H ‘ F 0’ 9 5 ?

' & <M 4 9'2?

23
 ( ) R & <M 4

+ & b 2Š $ hi
+ & hi 2 O |
hi 2 O 1 + &
+ & & H J ||

& $0 =P< S O ' '

*A B X , *A 54 <
0$X 9'2 &l ;K ?

' & <M 4 9'2?

?H & <M 4 " MBG 26 ,

9c 26 . *A 4+ &l
9 2 & 2 M 4 ? H : ?6
9c 26 , E 26 C .

M E< ? 4 L M S ' + & 2 <

YKB ;K . H 2 9;0b 54
=B 4B ;K . 9;0b 4H 2
F* < =B &'> *K . * < 54 2 <
X #$ ,B .

? 5 M E< + & 2 < YKB ;K .

+! 9' 6 ?$;K K . & 6 & 6
! c +! Y'>, &B < ? B 6
9nH6 b 9;0b c' ? $+&< 5 4 '>.

24
 c + & > * = . + &, 2 '
? $+& = 9'2 &l 6?

*' &X 9;0b c' 54M

) F 2. c + & > K
*' & R LK K 2 < 2 ' &=2b
4R . ?H =P<, 9n 9;0b S & L,
FB , 9;0b YKb $ #B .

9;0b S & L, F 6 YKB <

9;0b YKb K * 2 X T
A 6 b .

* 2 X 9;0b S : 0F+, S :
E >G'42. 9;0b 4H <
* 2 X :*@B . * 2 X A <
*= $ #B .

& L, '> 9;0b S *& ) 6 F 6

4B 6, X *A R . X *A 4
#$ ,B .

c 2 YKb .

2
AH6, X w;x G ,
)&2 ; . )&2 < 2 *<
YKb . 2 YKbG2 < *A 0FX ( X) LK
9%, 5 .

25
 > *A 0F &=2 5 B , ? 4 =
lB .

2 9;0b 54 F* < =B +
&<= ;K . 2 b X *A R ,
*A 54 ),B .

d > )&2 5> i O G

$0 54 QX > O Q*'
?=L, .

? 9d > &l ;K ?

5 , 2 2 “ ' ” 9'>
B ;K .

$ <, Y ? < FH6

' 2 2 ( 2 2 <) ' F? 9'> *& )B
b 6, ?H 2 = 0b c<
,H B X , c K X M 5,B .

n6 9<= H 9;0b B
G'46? 9' Z;K , Z;K *& )B
bG X ', 2 92B 9'> C> .

2 <, ' D
F? 9'> Z;K H
2 * S L 6, 6 ?'2 F,
?'2 F 9'> ' 2 c K M 5,B .

26
 ?d > c K 9;0b S “ 6 '
<=”, “ 6 ' <=” 9'>, BG'4 Yd
9;0b SR *& ) 6, 9;0b S & L,
F 6 YKB <, 9;0b YKb K
* 2 X T A 6 b .

? 2&) # & 2 <, mBG

n6, S *< 2 bG, ' ;
& ‹ 2 *< = .

6 $ * M 5, B 2 6
9;0b SR mBGB ; H6, 9;0b 54
F* < =B 2 &<: 6
( ) ;K T .

?6 '>, M *& $ 0P< F

P5, 4 < 2 ' X S d SX
9c 5 B S 6.

2D 2, *& )B M
*& $ 0B $ ;K . H < LK ' 2
6 9' 6C , "< = 9'4 ; =
.

? 6 6 LK !

t & !

27
28