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Undo Tablespace in RAC

The document outlines the importance of using separate Undo tablespaces for each node in an Oracle RAC environment to enhance performance, scalability, and fault isolation. It details the rationale behind this design choice, including benefits such as improved isolation, reduced inter-node communication, and optimized performance. Additionally, the document provides practical SQL commands for creating, querying, monitoring, and managing Undo tablespaces in a RAC setup.

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rajasekhar00
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70 views3 pages

Undo Tablespace in RAC

The document outlines the importance of using separate Undo tablespaces for each node in an Oracle RAC environment to enhance performance, scalability, and fault isolation. It details the rationale behind this design choice, including benefits such as improved isolation, reduced inter-node communication, and optimized performance. Additionally, the document provides practical SQL commands for creating, querying, monitoring, and managing Undo tablespaces in a RAC setup.

Uploaded by

rajasekhar00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Copyright (c) 2025, Oracle. All rights reserved. Oracle Confidential.

Undo Tablespace in Oracle RAC (Doc ID 3008187.1)

In this Document

Goal
Solution
1.Create a RAC Database with Separate Undo Tablespaces:
2. Querying Undo Tablespaces and Instances:

3. Monitoring Undo Space Usage:

4. Switching Undo Tablespaces:


5. Adjusting Undo Retention:
6. Checking RAC Configuration:
References

APPLIES TO:

Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.2.0.4 and later


Information in this document applies to any platform.

GOAL

What is the rationale behind assigning a dedicated Undo tablespace to each node in Oracle RAC?

SOLUTION

In an Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) environment, individual nodes are equipped with
dedicated Undo tablespaces, a design choice driven by considerations of performance and
scalability. The purpose of the Undo tablespace is pivotal in ensuring the integrity and isolation of
transactions within the database.
Specifically, the Undo tablespace is responsible for overseeing essential information required to
maintain transaction consistency, particularly in scenarios where transactions necessitate rollback or
demand read consistency. This architectural approach aids in optimizing performance and scalability
in the dynamic and distributed context of Oracle RAC, allowing each node to independently manage
and handle its Undo-related activities.

Here are some reasons why RAC utilizes separate Undo tablespaces for each node:

1. Isolation and Concurrency: Having separate Undo tablespaces for each node allows for better isolation and
concurrency. Each node can independently manage its own transactions without contention for the Undo
tablespace resources with other nodes.

2. Reduced Inter-node Communication: If a single Undo tablespace were shared among all nodes, it would
require frequent inter-node communication for managing undo information. This could lead to increased latency
and contention, negatively impacting system performance. Having separate tablespaces reduces the need for
such inter-node communication.

3. Performance Optimization: By distributing Undo tablespaces across nodes, RAC can leverage parallelism and
optimize performance. Each node can efficiently manage its own undo information without being affected by the
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undo operations of other nodes.

4. Scalability: As the number of nodes in a RAC environment increases, the need for scalability becomes crucial.
Separate Undo tablespaces for each node allow the architecture to scale effectively, as each node can manage its
undo workload independently.

5. Fault Isolation: In case of a failure or issue on one node, having separate Undo tablespaces ensures that the
undo information on other nodes remains unaffected. This helps in isolating faults and minimizing the impact on
the overall system.

Explore practical illustrations and SQL commands pertaining to Oracle RAC, specifically highlighting the
implementation and management of distinct Undo tablespaces for individual nodes.

1.Create a RAC Database with Separate Undo Tablespaces:

When creating a RAC database, you can specify separate Undo tablespaces for each node using the CREATE DATABASE
command. Below is a simplified example:

SQL> CREATE DATABASE my_rac_database UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1 DATAFILE


'/path/to/undotbs1_1.dbf' SIZE 100M,
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs2 DATAFILE '/path/to/undotbs2_1.dbf' SIZE 100M
-- Add more Undo tablespaces for other nodes if needed --
... MAXINSTANCES 5 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 1M CHARACTER SET
AL32UTF8;

This example creates a RAC database with two separate Undo tablespaces (undotbs1 and undotbs2).

You can extend this for more nodes by adding additional UNDO TABLESPACE clauses.

2. Querying Undo Tablespaces and Instances:

SQL> SELECT tablespace_name FROM dba_tablespaces WHERE contents = 'UNDO';

SQL> SELECT instance_name, tablespace_name FROM gv$parameter WHERE name =


'undo_tablespace';

3. Monitoring Undo Space Usage:

SQL> SELECT tablespace_name, ROUND(SUM(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) AS total_undo_space_mb


FROM dba_data_files WHERE
tablespace_name LIKE 'UNDOTBS%' GROUP BY tablespace_name;

-- Undo space usage per instance

SQL> SELECT inst_id, tablespace_name, ROUND(SUM(bytes) / 1024 / 1024, 2) AS


undo_space_mb FROM gv$undostat GROUP BY
inst_id, tablespace_name;

4. Switching Undo Tablespaces:

In Oracle RAC, you might need to switch undo tablespaces for a specific instance. You can use the following command:

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SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace = undotbs2;

Replace undotbs2 with the desired Undo tablespace.

5. Adjusting Undo Retention:

You can adjust the undo retention period for a specific Undo tablespace using the following command:

-- Set undo retention for a specific Undo tablespace


SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE undotbs1 RETENTION GUARANTEE;

6. Checking RAC Configuration:

SQL> SELECT * FROM gv$instance;

REFERENCES

NOTE:1344944.1 - How to Create Undo Tablespace for a Newly Added RAC Instance (ORA-30012)
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