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Chiller System

The document explains the operation of chiller systems, specifically focusing on the vapour compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) used for cooling buildings and industrial processes. It details the four main components of a chiller: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve, and describes the function of water-cooled chillers in transferring heat away from a space. The document outlines the stages of operation, including the processes occurring at each component to facilitate cooling.

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Rashmi Singh
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28 views8 pages

Chiller System

The document explains the operation of chiller systems, specifically focusing on the vapour compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) used for cooling buildings and industrial processes. It details the four main components of a chiller: evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve, and describes the function of water-cooled chillers in transferring heat away from a space. The document outlines the stages of operation, including the processes occurring at each component to facilitate cooling.

Uploaded by

Rashmi Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHILLER SYSTEM

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
HOW DOES A CHILLER PLANT WORK?
The vapour compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) is the most widely used refrigeration cycle in the
world. It's used to cool buildings as well as to provide cooling for many industrial processes. But how
does it work?

The vapour-compression cycle is a process that uses a refrigerant to cool and remove heat from a
space. The refrigerant circulates through four main components:
a compressor, condenser, expansion valve (metering device), and evaporator.

CHILLER TYPES
1. Water-Cooled Chillers
2. Air Cooled Chillers
3. Absorption Chillers

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
Water-cooled chiller is one of the types of chillers that removes heat
from it to cool the water used in projects or industrial or domestic
structures and re-enters the water into the operation cycle. In fact,
chillers transfer heat from a space that needs temperature control and
transfer it to another space.

Therefore, the chiller is not a means of generating cold, but a means of


dissipating heat, and its task is to facilitate the transfer of unwanted
and undesirable heat caused by the activity to a place outside the
system.

Cooling tower is specifically designed for the water-cooled chiller.


Because condensers of water-cooled chillers use water as their
stimulant and cooling material. Because wet surfaces are more
successful at transferring heat and also do compression work at wetter
bubble temperatures, the efficiency of water-cooled chillers increases.

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM

How does a water-cooled chiller work?

The cycle of water-cooled chillers, like any other chiller,


consists of four main members: evaporator, compressor,
condenser and expansion valve, in each of which a
thermodynamic process takes place. The way the chiller
works is that the refrigerant is delivered to different phases of
the material at different pressures and temperatures to cool
the water instead and pump it out of the chiller. In fact, the
main work of chillers is based on the phase change or physical
state of the refrigerant or refrigerant. In the meantime, the
work of water-cooled chillers is based on the condensation of
steam or gas.

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
The first step in chiller operation: Evaporator Stage

The starting point of this cycle is where the water in the production
process enters the evaporator to enter the chiller cycle.

In this part of the cycle, the heat absorbed by the refrigerant first shows
itself in the form of a liquid-to-gas phase change. As the refrigerant
absorbs the heat of the water, the environment in contact with this part
drops in temperature, so the water leaves at a lower temperature. The
now-cooled water is pumped back to the process or building cooling
equipment’s like AHUs, FCUs to provide cooling.

In fact, an evaporator is a place that, in addition to the current cycle,


participates in another cycle, and that cycle is between the evaporator
and the water outlet to the cooling devices. In fact, hot water enters the
chiller evaporator and then cools it out to be pumped throughout the
building to the desired location.

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
Second stage: Compressor Stage

The compressor is the "heart" of the system, as it drives the


refrigerant through the cycle. Compressing the gas increases its
energy, making it easier to release heat in the condenser

The gas refrigerant, which had reached the gas phase in the pre-
liquid state, then enters the compressor. In the compressor, the gas
condenses, and the temperature and pressure increase so that it
can enter the next stage with high pressure. This increase in
pressure and temperature as it exits the compressor is important
because the refrigerant needs to release heat from inside the
condenser, so it must carry enough heat to the condenser.

Another key function of the compressor is to draw refrigerant into


the evaporator at the appropriate time so that the pressure inside
the evaporator remains high enough to absorb heat again.

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM
Third level: Condenser Stage

The third step takes place inside the condenser. High-temperature gas enters the condenser. In the
condenser, the gas refrigerant is converted to a high-pressure liquid that is saturated. This is a constant
pressure process.

On the other hand, since the condenser is present in another cycle between the cooling towers, water enters
the cooling tower after the temperature rises for the water. Because cooling towers in water-cooled chillers
have the main task of cool down the consumed water from the chiller condenser and the condenser uses this
water as its driving material to lower down the high-pressure vapour refrigerant in the condenser.

This is where the unwanted heat of the water disappears, and the water temperature is brought back to the
desired low temperature. The heating process that we mentioned earlier takes place in the condenser to
release the gas refrigerant from the heat itself, the heat source that is now being talked about and needs to be
eliminated by the cooling tower. In this way, the water coming from the condenser to the chiller cooling tower
is in contact with the airflow and transfers its heat to the air, then goes back to the chiller condenser again to
continue the cooling process. Here, the cooling tower plays a critical role in dissipating this heat to the
environment

SHAN
CHILLER SYSTEM
WATER COOLED CHILLER SYSTEM

The fourth and final step: Expansion Valve Stage

The expansion valve is the last stage that the refrigerant goes through. The liquid refrigerant expands,
reducing its pressure and temperature before entering the evaporator to restart the cycle. The liquid
refrigerant passes through the expansion valve, reducing its pressure and temperature. It becomes a
low-temperature liquid-gas mixture before entering the evaporator. The cycle repeats as the
refrigerant absorbs heat from the chilled water again.

SHAN

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