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Chapter 14
Arrays
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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1

The size of an array that signifies the number of elements it can

store is given using ........... brackets.

1. {}
2. [] ✓
3. ()
4. All of these

Question 2

Given array int x[] = {11, 22, 33, 44}; the value of x[1] is ........... .

1. 11
2. 22 ✓
3. 33
4. Invalid value

Question 3

Given array int x[] = {11, 22, 33, 44}; the value of x[1+2] is ........... .

1. 11
2. 22
3. 33
4. 44 ✓

Question 4

If int arr[] = {3, 5, 7, 9}; what is the value of arr.length?

1. 3
2. 5
3. 4 ✓
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4. Cannot be determined

Question 5

Given array int z[] = {15, 16, 17}; It will occupy ........... bytes in
memory.

1. 3
2. 12 ✓
3. 24
4. 64

Question 6

A linear search ...........

1. can be used with sorted arrays only

2. can be used with unsorted arrays only
3. can be used with both sorted and unsorted arrays ✓
4. cannot be used with arrays

Question 7

A binary search

1. can be used with sorted arrays only ✓

2. can be used with unsorted arrays only
3. can be used with both sorted and unsorted arrays
4. cannot be used with arrays

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true?

1. Binary search is less efficient than the sequential search.

2. Binary search is less efficient than the linear search.
3. Binary search is more efficient than the sequential search.
✓
4. Binary search is as efficient as the sequential search.

Question 9

In ........... search, the algorithm uses the middle value of the array
for the search operation.

1. Binary ✓
2. Linear
3. Bubble
4. Selection

Question 10

Which element is num[9] of the array num?

1. 8th

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2. 9th
3. 10th ✓
4. 11th
Assignment Questions

Question 1

Write a program to initialise the given data in an array and find the
minimum and maximum values along with the sum of the given
elements.

Numbers: 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

Output:
Minimum value: 1
Maximum value: 5
Sum of the elements: 15

Answer

public class KboatMinMaxSum

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
int arr[] = {2, 5, 4, 1, 3};

int max = arr[0];

int min = arr[0];
int sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {

if (arr[i] > max)
max = arr[i];

if (arr[i] < min)

min = arr[i];

sum += arr[i];
}

System.out.println("Minimum value: " + min);

System.out.println("Maximum value: " + max);
System.out.println("Sum of the elements: " + sum);
}
}

Output

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5/20/24, 1:34 PM Chapter 14: Arrays | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE Logix Kips Computer Applications with BlueJ Java | KnowledgeBoat
Question 2

Differentiate between the following.

i. Array Declaration and Initialisation

Answer

Array declaration tells the compiler about the size and data type of
the array so that the compiler can reserve the required memory for
the array. This reserved memory is still empty. Array Initialisation
assigns values to the array elements i.e. it stores values in the
memory reserved for the array elements.

ii. int a[10] and char a[10]

Answer

int a[10] is an array of int data type that can hold 10 integer values
whereas char a[10] is an array of char data type that can hold 10
characters.

iii. Sorting and Searching

Answer

Sorting Searching

Sorting means to arrange the Searching means to search

elements of the array in for a term or value in an
ascending or descending order. array.

Bubble sort and Selection sort Linear search and Binary

are examples of sorting search are examples of
techniques. search techniques.

iv. Linear search and Binary search

Answer

Linear Search Binary Search

Binary search works on only

Linear search works on
sorted arrays (ascending or
sorted and unsorted arrays
descending)

Each element of the array is Array is successively divided

checked against the target into 2 halves and the target
value until the element is element is searched either in
found or end of the array is the first half or in the second
reached half

Linear Search is slower Binary Search is faster

v. Selection sort and Bubble sort

Answer

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Selection sort Bubble sort

Selection Sort selects the Bubble Sort compares

smallest element from unsorted adjacent elements and
sub-array and swaps it with the swaps them if they are in
leftmost unsorted element. wrong order.

Performs lesser number of swaps

Performs more number of
to sort the same array relative to
swaps to sort the array
Bubble Sort

Selection Sort is faster Bubble Sort is slower

Question 3

How does the linear search find an element in the array? Explain
your answer with a suitable example.

Answer

In linear search, we start at the first element of the array and

sequentially check each element of the list for the search value
until a match is found or all the elements have been searched. As
soon as the search value is found, the algorithm quits and returns
the position (index) of the target value in the array.

For example, consider the following array:

int arr[] = {1, 8, 4, 7, 5};

We want to check if 7 is present in the array or not. Linear search

will first check if 1 is equal to 7, then it will move on to the next
element which is 8. It will keep doing this in a linear progression
and when it reaches the element at index 3, it finds a match so it
will give us this index 3 which means that 7 is present at index 3 of
array arr.

Question 4

Explain the technique of Bubble Sort with an example.

Answer

Bubble Sort is a sorting algorithm that works by repeatedly iterating

through the array, comparing each pair of adjoining elements and
swapping them if they are in wrong order.

For example, consider the following unsorted array:

9 5 2 3

Pass 1

First 9 is compared with 5 and as 9 is greater than 5 the elements

are swapped:

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5 9 2 3

Next, 9 is compared with 2 and as 9 is greater than 2 the elements

are swapped:

5 2 9 3

Next, 9 is compared with 3 and as 9 is greater than 3 the elements

are swapped:

5 2 3 9

At the end of first pass, the highest element of the array is at the
last position.

Pass 2

5 is compared with 2 and as 5 is greater than 2 the elements are

swapped:

2 5 3 9

Next, 5 is compared with 3 and as 5 is greater than 3 the elements

are swapped:

2 3 5 9

At the end of first pass, the second highest element of the array is
in its correct position.

Pass 3

2 is compared with 3 and as 2 is less then 3 no swapping takes

place.

2 3 5 9

With this, the third and final pass ends and the elements of the
array are in sorted order.

Question 5

Explain the technique of Selection Sort with an example.

Answer

Selection Sort divides the array into two parts — sorted sub-array
and unsorted sub-array. In each pass, it finds the minimum
element of the unsorted sub-array and swaps it with the leftmost
unsorted element moving the sorted sub-array one element to the
right.

For example, consider the following unsorted array:

9 5 2 3

Pass 1
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At the start, the smallest element of the array is selected (which is

2) and swapped with the element at 0th index (which is 9):

2 5 9 3

At the end of the first pass, the smallest element is in its correct
position. Length of sorted sub-array is 1 and unsorted sub-array is
3.

Pass 2

The smallest element of the unsorted sub-array is selected (which

is 3) and swapped with the element at 1st index (which is 5):

2 3 9 5

At the end of the second pass, length of sorted sub-array is 2 and

unsorted sub-array is 2.

Pass 3

The smallest element of the unsorted sub-array is selected (which

is 5) and swapped with the element at 2nd index (which is 9):

2 3 5 9

With this, the third and final pass ends and the elements of the
array are in sorted order.

Question 6

Why does Binary Search need a sorted array to perform the

search operation?

Answer

In Binary Search, the array is repeatedly divided into two halves

and the element is searched in that half whose last element is
greater than or equal to the element being searched. For this
reason, Binary Search needs a sorted array to perform the search
operation.

Question 7

How does the binary search find the presence of an element

quicker than the linear search?

Answer

As Binary Search repeatedly divides the array into two halves and
performs the search in only one of those two halves, it needs to
make fewer comparisons relative to Linear Search hence it is
faster than Linear Search.

Question 8

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Write a program to input integer elements into an array of size 20

and perform the following operations:

1. Display largest number from the array

2. Display smallest number from the array
3. Display sum of all the elements of the array

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatSDAMinMaxSum

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int arr[] = new int[20];
System.out.println("Enter 20 numbers:");
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
arr[i] = in.nextInt();
}
int min = arr[0], max = arr[0], sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (arr[i] < min)
min = arr[i];

if (arr[i] > max)

max = arr[i];

sum += arr[i];
}

System.out.println("Largest Number = " + max);

System.out.println("Smallest Number = " + min);
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);
}
}

Output

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Question 9

Declare and instantiate a one dimensional int array named

evenNums with five elements. Use an initialiser list that contains
the first five even integers, starting with 11.

Answer

int evenNums[] = {12, 14, 16, 18, 20};

Question 10

Suppose x is an array of type int[] with 50 elements. Write a code

segment that will count and print the frequency of number 42 in the
array.

Answer

int c = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
if (x[i] == 42) {
c++;
}
}
System.out.println("Frequency of 42 = " + c);

Question 11

A student wrote the following code segment, intending to print 11

22 33 44:

int arr[] = {11, 22, 33, 44};

for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
System.out.println(arr[i]);

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However, the program crashed with a run-time error. Can you

explain the reason for this?

Answer

Array index starts at 0 not 1. In the given program, the for loop run
from 1 to 4 whereas the indexes of the array range from 0 to 3.
When i becomes 4, the program tries to access an index of arr that
is not present in the array and this causes the program to crash.
The correct way will be to run the for loop from 0 to 3 instead of 1
to 4.

Question 12

Write a code segment to compute the sum of all positive real

numbers stored in the following array.

double numb[] = new double[50];

Answer

double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
if (numb[i] > 0) {
sum += numb[i];
}
}
System.out.println("Sum of positive real numbers = " + sum);

Question 13

Write a code segment that finds the largest integer in this two-
dimensional array.

int data[][] = new int[5][5];

Answer

int l = data[0][0];
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
if (data[i][j] > l) {
l = data[i][j];
}
}
}
System.out.println("Largest Element = " + l);

Question 14

Given the following declarations:

final int SIZE = 20;

char[] name = new char[SIZE];

i. Write an assignment statement that stores 'D' into the first

element of the array name.

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ii. Write an output statement that prints the value of the tenth
element of the array name.

iii. Write a for statement that fills the array name with spaces.

Answer

i. name[0] = 'D';

ii. System.out.println(name[9]);

iii. For Statement:

for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {

name[i] = ' ';
}

Question 15

What happens in Java if you try to access an element that is

outside the bounds of the array?

Answer

Accessing an element that is outside the bounds of the array

results in a runtime error in the form of
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.

Question 16

Write Java statements for the following:

i. Create an array to hold 15 double values.

ii. Assign the value 10.5 to the last element in the array.

iii. Display the sum of the first and the last element.

iv. Write a loop that computes the sum of all elements in the array.

Answer

i. Create an array to hold 15 double values.

double arr[] = new double[15];

ii. Assign the value 10.5 to the last element in the array.

arr[14] = 10.5;

iii. Display the sum of the first and the last element.

double r = arr[0] + arr[14];

System.out.println("Result = " + r);

iv. Write a loop that computes the sum of all elements in the array.

double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {

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sum += arr[i];
}
System.out.println("Sum = " + sum);

Question 17

Write a program to accept the year of graduation from school as an

integer value from the user. Using the binary search technique on
the sorted array of integers given below, output the message
"Record exists" if the value input is located in the array. If not,
output the message "Record does not exist".
Sample Input:

n[0] n[1] n[2] n[3] n[4] n[5] n[6] n[7]

1982 1987 1993 1996 1999 2003 2006 2007 2

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatGraduationYear

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int n[] = {1982, 1987, 1993, 1996, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2

System.out.print("Enter graduation year to search: ");

int year = in.nextInt();

int l = 0, h = n.length - 1, idx = -1;

while (l <= h) {
int m = (l + h) / 2;
if (n[m] == year) {
idx = m;
break;
}
else if (n[m] < year) {
l = m + 1;
}
else {
h = m - 1;
}
}

if (idx == -1)
System.out.println("Record does not exist");
else
System.out.println("Record exists");
}
}

Output

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Question 18

Write a program that reads ten integers and displays them in the
reverse order in which they were read.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatSDAReverse

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int arr[] = new int[10];

System.out.println("Enter 10 integers:");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
arr[i] = in.nextInt();
}

System.out.println("Integers in reverse order:");

for (int i = 9; i >= 0; i--) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
}
}

Output

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Question 19

Write a program that reads a long number, counts and displays the
occurrences of each digit in it.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatSDANumber

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
long num = in.nextLong();
int dCount[] = new int[10];

while (num != 0) {
int d = (int)(num % 10);
dCount[d] = dCount[d] + 1;
num /= 10;
}

System.out.println("Digit\tOccurence");
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
if (dCount[i] != 0) {
System.out.println(i + "\t" + dCount[i]);
}
}
}
}

Output

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Question 20

Write a program to input 10 integer elements in an array and sort

them in descending order using bubble sort technique.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatBubbleSortDsc

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int n = 10;
int arr[] = new int[n];

System.out.println("Enter the elements of the array:")

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
arr[i] = in.nextInt();
}

//Bubble Sort
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
if (arr[j] < arr[j + 1]) {
int t = arr[j];
arr[j] = arr[j+1];
arr[j+1] = t;
}
}
}

System.out.println("Sorted Array:");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i] + " ");
}
}
}

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Output

Question 21

Write a program to perform binary search on a list of integers given

below, to search for an element input by the user. If it is found
display the element along with its position, otherwise display the
message "Search element not found".

5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 89, 97

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatBinarySearch

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int arr[] = {5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 20, 30, 45, 89, 97};

System.out.print("Enter number to search: ");

int n = in.nextInt();

int l = 0, h = arr.length - 1, index = -1;

while (l <= h) {
int m = (l + h) / 2;
if (arr[m] < n)
l = m + 1;
else if (arr[m] > n)
h = m - 1;
else {
index = m;
break;
}

if (index == -1) {

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System.out.println("Search element not found");
}
else {
System.out.println(n + " found at position " + ind
}
}
}

Output

Question 22

Write a program to store 6 elements in an array P and 4 elements

in an array Q. Now, produce a third array R, containing all the
elements of array P and Q. Display the resultant array.

Input Input Output

P[ ] Q[ ] R[ ]

4 19 4

6 23 6

1 7 1
Search by lesson title
2 8 2
CONTENTS
Chapter 1
Object Oriented Programming Concepts 3 3 Multiple Choice Questions
Assignment Questions
Chapter 2
Introduction to Java
10 10 Video Explanations

Chapter 3
19
Values and Data Types

Chapter 4

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Chapter 4
Operators in Java
Input Input Output
Chapter 5
User-Defined Methods 23
Chapter 6
Input in Java 7

Chapter 7
8
Mathematical Library Methods

Chapter 8
Conditional Constructs in Java
Answer

Chapter 9
Iterative Constructs in Java import java.util.Scanner;

Chapter 10
Nested for loops public class Kboat3Arrays
{
Chapter 11
public static void main(String args[]) {
Constructors

Chapter 12 Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

Library Classes

int P[] = new int[6];

int Q[] = new int[4];
int R[] = new int[10];
int i = 0;

System.out.println("Enter 6 elements of array P:");

for (i = 0; i < P.length; i++) {
P[i] = in.nextInt();
}

System.out.println("Enter 4 elements of array Q:");

for (i = 0; i < Q.length; i++) {
Q[i] = in.nextInt();
}

i = 0;
while(i < P.length) {
R[i] = P[i];
i++;
}

int j = 0;
while(j < Q.length) {
R[i++] = Q[j++];
}

System.out.println("Elements of Array R:");

for (i = 0; i < R.length; i++) {
System.out.print(R[i] + " ");
}
}
}

Output

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Question 23

The annual examination result of 50 students in a class is

tabulated in a Single Dimensional Array (SDA) as follows:

Roll No. Subject A Subject B Subject C

....... ....... ....... .......

....... ....... ....... .......

....... ....... ....... .......

Write a program to read the data, calculate and display the

following:
(a) Average marks obtained by each student.
(b) Print the roll number and the average marks of the students
whose average is above. 80.
(c) Print the roll number and the average marks of the students
whose average is below 40.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatExamResult

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
final int TOTAL_STUDENTS = 50;
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

int rollNo[] = new int[TOTAL_STUDENTS];

int sA[] = new int[TOTAL_STUDENTS];
int sB[] = new int[TOTAL_STUDENTS];
int sC[] = new int[TOTAL_STUDENTS];
double avg[] = new double[TOTAL_STUDENTS];

for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_STUDENTS; i++) {

System.out.println("Enter student " + (i+1) + " de
System.out.print("Roll No: ");
rollNo[i] = in.nextInt();

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System.out.print("Subject A Marks: ");
sA[i] = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Subject B Marks: ");
sB[i] = in.nextInt();
System.out.print("Subject C Marks: ");
sC[i] = in.nextInt();
avg[i] = (sA[i] + sB[i] + sC[i]) / 3.0;
}

System.out.println("\nRoll No\tAverage Marks");

for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_STUDENTS; i++) {
System.out.println(rollNo[i] + "\t" + avg[i]);
}

System.out.println("\nStudents with Average above 80:"

for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_STUDENTS; i++) {
if (avg[i] > 80)
System.out.println(rollNo[i] + "\t" + avg[i]);
}

System.out.println("\nStudents with Average below 40:"

for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_STUDENTS; i++) {
if (avg[i] < 40)
System.out.println(rollNo[i] + "\t" + avg[i]);
}
}
}

Output

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Question 24

Declare a single dimensional array of size 28 to store daily

temperatures for the month of February. Using this structure, write
a program to find:

1. The hottest day of the month

2. The coldest day of the month
3. The average temperature of the month

Answer

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import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatFebTemp

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
double febTemp[] = new double[28];
int n = febTemp.length;

System.out.println("Enter Feb daily temperatures:");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
febTemp[i] = in.nextDouble();
}

double sum = 0.0;

int low = 0, high = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (febTemp[i] < febTemp[low])
low = i;

if (febTemp[i] > febTemp[high])

high = i;

sum += febTemp[i];
}

double avg = sum / n;

System.out.println("Hottest day = " + (high + 1));

System.out.println("Coldest day = " + (low + 1));
System.out.println("Average Temperature = " + avg);
}
}

Output

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5/20/24, 1:34 PM Chapter 14: Arrays | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE Logix Kips Computer Applications with BlueJ Java | KnowledgeBoat
Question 25

Repeat the above exercise using a double two-dimensional array

with 4 rows and 7 columns to store daily temperatures for the
month of February.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatDDAFebTemp

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
double febTemp[][] = new double[4][7];

System.out.println("Enter Feb daily temperatures:");

for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
febTemp[i][j] = in.nextDouble();
}
}

double sum = 0.0;

int lx = 0, ly = 0, hx = 0, hy = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
if (febTemp[i][j] < febTemp[lx][ly]) {
lx = i;
ly = j;
}

if (febTemp[i][j] > febTemp[hx][hy]) {

hx = i;
hy = j;
}

sum += febTemp[i][j];

}
}

double avg = sum / 28;

System.out.println("Hottest day = " + (hx * 7 + hy + 1

System.out.println("Coldest day = " + (lx * 7 + ly + 1
System.out.println("Average Temperature = " + avg);
}
}

Output

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5/20/24, 1:34 PM Chapter 14: Arrays | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE Logix Kips Computer Applications with BlueJ Java | KnowledgeBoat

Question 26

The weekly hours of all employees of ABC Consulting Ltd. are

stored in a two-dimensional array. Each row records an employee's
7-day work hours with seven columns. For example, the following
array stores the work hours of five employees. Write a program
that displays employees and their total hours in decreasing order
of the total hours.

S. No. Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun

Employee 0 8 5 1 11 1 0 0

Employee 1 11 6 0 2 2 2 4

Employee 2 4 5 4 10 4 3 1

Employee 3 4 7 3 12 6 2 0

Employee 4 3 8 3 2 4 4 0

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatABCConsulting

{
public static void main(String args[]) {

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter total number of employees: ");
int numEmps = in.nextInt();

int workHours[][] = new int[numEmps][7];

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5/20/24, 1:34 PM Chapter 14: Arrays | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE Logix Kips Computer Applications with BlueJ Java | KnowledgeBoat
int empArr[] = new int[numEmps];
int hours[] = new int[numEmps];

//Enter employee hours in 2D array

for (int i = 0; i < numEmps; i++) {
System.out.println("Enter hours for Employee " + i
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
workHours[i][j] = in.nextInt();
}
}

//Calculate total hours for each employee

for (int i = 0; i < numEmps; i++) {
int totalHours = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < 7; j++) {
totalHours += workHours[i][j];
}
empArr[i] = i;
hours[i] = totalHours;
}

//Sort total hours hours in decreasing order

for (int i = 0; i < numEmps - 1; i++) {
int index = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < numEmps; j++) {
if (hours[j] > hours[index])
index = j;
}
int t = hours[i];
hours[i] = hours[index];
hours[index] = t;

t = empArr[i];
empArr[i] = empArr[index];
empArr[index] = t;
}

//Display sorted total hours

for (int i = 0; i < numEmps; i++)
System.out.println("Employee " + empArr[i]
+ "\t" + hours[i]);
}
}

Output

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5/20/24, 1:34 PM Chapter 14: Arrays | Solutions for Class 10 ICSE Logix Kips Computer Applications with BlueJ Java | KnowledgeBoat

Question 27

Write a program that computes the standard deviation of N real

numbers. The standard deviation s is computed according to:

− − −
(x1 − x)2 + (x2 − x)2 + ... + (xN − x)2
s=
​ ​ ​

​ ​

N
−
The variable x is the average of N input values x1 through xN .
​ ​

The program first prompts the user for N and then declares an
array of size N.

Answer

import java.util.Scanner;

public class KboatStdDev

{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter N:");
int n = in.nextInt();

double a[] = new double[n];

System.out.println("Enter the numbers:");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

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a[i] = in.nextDouble();
}

double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sum += a[i];
}

double avg = sum / n;

double z = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
z += Math.pow(a[i] - avg, 2);
}

double s = Math.sqrt(z / n);

System.out.println("Standard Deviation(s) = " + s);

}
}

Output

Video Explanations

Introduction to Arrays | Java & BlueJ …

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