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CorSubQueryExample(

The document explains how to use a correlated subquery in SQL to retrieve employees whose education levels exceed the average in their departments. It provides an example query that compares each employee's education level to the average of their respective department using a subquery. The result set displays the employees who meet this criterion along with their details.

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2 views

CorSubQueryExample(

The document explains how to use a correlated subquery in SQL to retrieve employees whose education levels exceed the average in their departments. It provides an example query that compares each employee's education level to the average of their respective department using a subquery. The result set displays the employees who meet this criterion along with their details.

Uploaded by

[smo] Monkeyy-3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Example: Correlated subquery in a WHERE Clause

Suppose that you want a list of all the employees whose education levels are higher than the
average education levels in their respective departments. To get this information, SQL must
search the CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE table. For each employee in the table, SQL needs to
compare the employee's education level to the average education level for the employee's
department. In the subquery, you tell SQL to calculate the average education level for the
department number in the current row. For example:

SELECT EMPNO, LASTNAME, WORKDEPT, EDLEVEL


FROM CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE X
WHERE EDLEVEL >
(SELECT AVG(EDLEVEL)
FROM CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE
WHERE WORKDEPT = X.WORKDEPT)

A correlated subquery looks like an uncorrelated one, except for the presence of one or more
correlated references. In the example, the single correlated reference is the occurrence of
X.WORKDEPT in the subselect's FROM clause. Here, the qualifier X is the correlation name
defined in the FROM clause of the outer SELECT statement. In that clause, X is introduced as
the correlation name of the table CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE.

Now, consider what happens when the subquery is executed for a given row of
CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE. Before it is executed, the occurrence of X.WORKDEPT is replaced
with the value of the WORKDEPT column for that row. Suppose, for example, that the row is
for CHRISTINE I HAAS. Her work department is A00, which is the value of WORKDEPT for
this row. The subquery executed for this row is:

(SELECT AVG(EDLEVEL)
FROM CORPDATA.EMPLOYEE
WHERE WORKDEPT = 'A00')

Thus, for the row considered, the subquery produces the average education level of Christine's
department. This is then compared in the outer statement to Christine's own education level. For
some other row for which WORKDEPT has a different value, that value appears in the subquery
in place of A00. For example, for the row for MICHAEL L THOMPSON, this value is B01, and
the subquery for his row delivers the average education level for department B01.

The result table produced by the query has the following values:

Table 15. Result set for previous query


EMPNO LASTNAME WORKDEPT EDLEVEL
000010 HAAS A00 18
000030 KWAN C01 20
000070 PULASKI D21 16
Table 15. Result set for previous query
EMPNO LASTNAME WORKDEPT EDLEVEL
000090 HENDERSON E11 16
000110 LUCCHESSI A00 19
000160 PIANKA D11 17
000180 SCOUTTEN D11 17
000210 JONES D11 17
000220 LUTZ D11 18
000240 MARINO D21 17
000260 JOHNSON D21 16
000280 SCHNEIDER E11 17
000320 MEHTA E21 16
000340 GOUNOT E21 16
200010 HEMMINGER A00 18
200220 JOHN D11 18
200240 MONTEVERDE D21 17
200280 SCHWARTZ E11 17
200340 ALONZO E21 16

EXAMPLE from Student Registration Database


SELECT * from
Students s1
where s1.gpa > (SELECT avg(gpa)
from students s2
where s2.state = s1.state);

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