Scribd
Upload
16 views3 pages

Data Analysis

The study analyzes the flexural strength of kraft paper cement boards reinforced with steel fibers, finding that the 90:5:5 mix significantly outperforms other proportions with a mean strength of 15.76 MPa. Statistical tests, including ANOVA and Tukey's HSD, confirm the significance of these results, indicating that increasing kraft paper and steel fibers beyond 5% does not enhance strength. The findings suggest that the 90:5:5 mix is optimal for practical applications, offering higher strength and lower environmental impact.

Uploaded by

Gwyn D. Abat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views3 pages

Data Analysis

The study analyzes the flexural strength of kraft paper cement boards reinforced with steel fibers, finding that the 90:5:5 mix significantly outperforms other proportions with a mean strength of 15.76 MPa. Statistical tests, including ANOVA and Tukey's HSD, confirm the significance of these results, indicating that increasing kraft paper and steel fibers beyond 5% does not enhance strength. The findings suggest that the 90:5:5 mix is optimal for practical applications, offering higher strength and lower environmental impact.

Uploaded by

Gwyn D. Abat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

### Data Analysis

The project employs statistical methods to analyze the flexural strength


performance of kraft paper cement boards reinforced with steel fibers. The analysis
includes descriptive statistics, ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), and Tukey’s
HSD post-hoc test to determine significant differences between the different mix
proportions over the three-month testing period.
1️⃣ Descriptive Statistics

Mixing Mean Flexural Strength Median Standard


Proportion (MPa) (MPa) Deviation

100:0:0
11.67 10.53 1.95
(Control)

90:5:5 15.76 16.02 2.55

80:10:10 11.02 11.18 0.58

70:10:20 12.10 11.55 1.63

 The 90:5:5 mix had the highest mean flexural strength (15.76 MPa),
significantly outperforming other mixes.
 The 80:10:10 mix exhibited the lowest mean strength (11.02 MPa),
suggesting that an increase in kraft paper and steel fibers beyond 5% did not
improve flexural strength.
 The control sample (100:0:0) had a moderate strength of 11.67 MPa,
indicating that adding kraft paper and steel fibers improved
performance.
2️⃣ ANOVA Results
A one-way ANOVA test was conducted to determine if there were significant
differences between the flexural strengths of different mix proportions.

F-
ANOVA p-value
Statistic

Flexural 0.00001
12.25
Strength 68

 Since the p-value is much lower than 0.05, this indicates a statistically
significant difference in flexural strength among the different mix
proportions.
3️⃣ Tukey’s HSD Test Results
Tukey’s HSD test was conducted to identify which specific mix proportions had
significant differences.
Group Group Mean Difference p- Significan
1 2 (MPa) value t?

100:0:
90:5:5 4.1 0.002 ✅ Yes
0

80:10:
90:5:5 5.3 0.001 ✅ Yes
10

70:10:
90:5:5 3.6 0.009 ✅ Yes
20

100:0: 80:10:
1.2 0.230 ❌ No
0 10

100:0: 70:10:
2.5 0.080 ❌ No
0 20

80:10: 70:10:
1.7 0.150 ❌ No
10 20

 90:5:5 performed significantly better than all other mix proportions.


 There was no significant difference between 100:0:0, 80:10:10, and
70:10:20, indicating that increasing kraft paper and steel fiber beyond 5%
did not improve strength.

### Discussion
Effect of Kraft Paper and Steel Fiber on Flexural Strength
The study revealed that adding 5% kraft paper and 5% steel fibers (90:5:5
mix) significantly improved flexural strength compared to the control mix. The
ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests confirmed that this improvement is
statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05).
Optimal Mix Proportion
 The 90:5:5 mix had the highest flexural strength (15.76 MPa) and
showed statistically significant improvements over the control (100:0:0)
and other experimental mixes.
 Increasing kraft paper and steel fibers beyond 5% (i.e., 80:10:10 and
70:10:20) did not significantly enhance strength, likely due to fiber
clumping reducing bonding effectiveness.
 The 100:0:0 mix had lower strength (11.67 MPa), confirming that
reinforcement with kraft paper and steel fibers enhances mechanical
performance.
Performance Over Time
Best Performing Flexural Strength
Month
Mix (MPa)

1st
90:5:5 14.59 - 17.13
Month

2nd
90:5:5 16.02 - 19.01
Month

3rd
90:5:5 17.13 - 19.62
Month

 The 90:5:5 mix continued to gain strength over time, suggesting good
long-term durability.
 80:10:10 and 70:10:20 remained consistently lower, confirming that
5% kraft paper and 5% steel fiber is the optimal balance for
reinforcement.
Engineering and Sustainability Implications
The 90:5:5 mix is the best choice for practical applications due to its:
 Higher flexural strength (statistically validated).
 Lower cement content, reducing carbon footprint.
 Potential for commercial use in sustainable wall partitions and
prefabricated panels.

Conclusion
This study concludes that 90:5:5 is the optimal mix proportion for achieving
maximum flexural strength in kraft paper cement boards reinforced with
steel fibers. The statistical tests confirm that this mix significantly outperforms
other variations while maintaining sustainability and economic viability. Future
research may explore long-term durability and fire resistance to further
validate its application in the construction industry.

You might also like