Simple Present

Generalidades:

El Presente Simple o Simple Present se utiliza para expresar las cosas que realizamos habitual o regularmente.
A continuación la estructura básica del presente:

Aff: Sujeto + verbo + complemento

Neg: Sujeto + do / does + not + verbo + complemento

Int: Do / does + Sujeto + verbo + complemento?

Como puedes ver, este tiempo utiliza en su forma negativa e interrogativa los auxiliares Do o Does. Do
acompaña a I, you, we, they; mientras que Does es el auxiliar para he, she, it. Si te fijas, en la forma afirmativa
el presente no necesita de un auxiliar, pero sí lo usaremos cuando demos respuestas cortas afirmativas
Observemos los siguientes ejemplos

Aff: I study English every day She studies English every day They drive a red car
Trd: Yo estudio inglés todos los días Ella estudia inglés todos los días Ellos manejan un auto rojo
Neg: I do not study English … She does not study English … They do not drive a red car
Int: Do I study English…? Does she study English …? Do they drive a red car?
SA: Yes, I do Yes, she does Yes, they do.
SA: No, I do not No, she does not No, they do not

Aff: You write a letter The cat drinks milk He wants an apple
Trd: Tú escribe una carta El gato toma leche Él quiere una manzana
Neg: You do not write a letter The cat does not drink milk He does not want an apple
Int: Do you write a letter? Does the cat drink milk ? Does he want an apple?
SA: Yes, you do Yes, it does Yes, he does
SA: No, you do not No, it does not No, he does not

Abreviaciones:

Do not = don’t
Does not = doesn’t

Aff: I study English every day She studies English every day They drive a red car
Trd: Yo estudio inglés todos los días Ella estudia inglés todos los días Ellos manejan un auto rojo
Neg: I don’t study English … She doesn’t study English … They don’t drive a red car
Int: Do I study English…? Does she study English …? Do they drive a red car?
SA: Yes, I do Yes, she does Yes, they do.
SA: No, I don’t No, she doesn’t No, they don’t
Aff: You write a letter The cat drinks milk He wants an apple
Trd: Tú escribes una carta El gato toma leche Él quiere una manzana
Neg: You don’t write a letter The cat doesn’t drink milk He doesn’t want an apple
Int: Do you write a letter? Does the cat drink milk? Does he want an apple?
SA: Yes, you do Yes, it does Yes, he does
SA: No, you don’t No, it doesn’t No, he doesn’t

Para poder formar una pregunta en negativo puedes hacerlo de dos formas:

1.- Do / Does + Sujeto + not + verbo + complemento?

Do you not play tennis?

2.- Don’t / Doesn’t + Sujeto + verbo + complemento?

Don’t you play tennis?

En los dos primeros ejemplos, ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre ellos, a parte del pronombre personal? Exactamente,
cuando hablamos de la tercera persona singular, es decir, he, she e it, al verbo debemos agregarle una “s” al
final. Pero existen ciertas excepciones, en las que no basta con sólo agregarle la “s”. Si un verbo termina en:

Consonante + y La Y pasa a I y se la agrega ES Study - Studies

S, Z, SH, CH, X Se le agrega ES Wash - Washes

Fix - Fixes

~O Se le agrega ES Do - Does
Go - Goes

También hay que tener un cuidado especial con el verbo Have, ya que su forma para la tercera persona singular
(he, she, it) es Has.

Ejercicios:
1.- Completa cada oración con el verbo que está entre paréntesis.

a) She ___________ to the store every afternoon.(go)

b) Martha ____________ volleyball.(play)
c) Susana __________ the dishes after dinner. (do)
d) Alex ______________ sports on television. (watch)
e) Mrs. Moore _______________ work at 9 o’clock. (start)
f) The store ______________ at six o’clock. (close)
g) Ximena ________________ her car on Saturdays.(wash)
h) He ___________ to the radio. (listen)
i) They _________ to talk. (like)
j) He __________ ice cream. (like)
k) You _________ your friends often. (call)
l) She __________ regularly. (practice)
m) We __________ here. (shop)
n) It __________ delicious. (taste)
2.- Completa las siguientes oraciones con do o does.

a) Where ____________ Mr. Scott work?

b) _________ Samantha and Casey live on Jefferson road?
c) _________ you like Michael Jackson?
d) What school ___________the kids go to?
e) _________ Tom and Mary play football?
f) What time ________ Richie get up on Saturdays?
g) _______ Sue like Raúl?
h) When ______ we usually have dinner?
i) Where _______ Carmen live?

3.- Vuelve a escribir las siguientes oraciones en su forma negativa:

a) He drives a truck.
b) You follow the news.
c) They want a pet.
d) She likes flowers.
e) We need tea.
f) She answers the questions.
g) He drinks coffee.
h) I learn quickly.
i) It rains heavily.

4.- Completa las siguientes oraciones usando el verbo “have”.

a) I _______ many books.

b) You _______ an apartment.
c) He _______ a bicycle.
d) We _______ fun.
e) They _______ two pets.
f) She _______ milk in her tea.
g) I _______ a warm sweater.
h) We _______ breakfast at eight o'clock.
i) He _______ an alarm clock.
j) They ________ a sense of humor.

5.- Responde las siguientes preguntas:

a) What time do you get up?

b) Do you get up early on weekends?
c) How do you go to work? Do you take the bus?
d) What time do you go home?
e) How do you go home from work?
f) Do you eat with your family?
g) When do you have your English class?
h) Do you see your friends in the evening?
i) What time do you go to bed?
j) What time do you get up on weekends?
k) Do you ever eat meat or fish for breakfast?
l) Do you always drink the same thing in the morning?
m) What is something you always / never have for breakfast?
n) Do you usually make your own breakfast?
o) Do you ever make breakfast for other people?
p) Do you ever eat alone?
q) Do you usually watch TV while you eat breakfast?

6.- Completa esta entrevista utilizando alguna de las palabras dadas.

Are do does don’t doesn’t

John: _________ you work in Valparaiso, Simon?

Simon: Yes, I _________But I’m often in Santiago on business.
John: And _________ you live in Valparaiso?
Simon: No, we _________ We live in Viña del Mar.
John. _________ your wife work with you?
Simon: Yes, she _________But she _________ travel a lot. She usually stays in the office.
John: And what about your children? _________ they at school?
Simon: Yes, they _________. They go to secondary school in Valparaiso.

7.- Completa las siguientes oraciones con los verbos que aparecen entre paréntesis, usando presente simple.

a) He _________ (not/ like) to swim.

b) Pablo and Mary _________ (love) the mountains.
c) _________ he _________ (like) the ocean?
d) Alice _________ (not/ speak) Spanish.
e) They _________ (work) at ABT.
f) She _________.(live) IN London.
g) I _____________ (not/ play) soccer on Sunday.
h) _________the cat _________.(drink) milk?
i) Nataly _________.(read) a book everyday.

8.- Traduce las siguientes frases. Debes fijarte si es presente simple o presente continuo.

a) Creo en Dios.
b) Ella no baila ballet.
c) María y Olga están estudiando francés.
d) No le gustan las flores.
e) ¿Dónde vives?
f) No estoy escribiendo una carta. Estoy traduciendo un informe.

9.- Completa las siguientes frases usando el presente simple con los verbos dados.

Forget loose buy sing cost get up boil

snow do teach travel study play go
like sleep eat remember

a) Mary _______________ violin very well.

b) They_______________ to London every year.
c) _________you _________ English at the University?
d) _________ she _________ vegetables?
e) The University’s chorus ______________ carols every Christmas.
f) _____________ I always _____________ the telephone numbers of my friends?
g) What _________ you _________ every year on Halloween?
h) We always _____________to walk at dusk.
i) You usually _____________ at eight o’clock.
j) How much _____________ one pound of oranges _____________at the supermarket?
k) The water _____________. at 100 degrees.
l) It often _____________ in winter.
m) Where _____________ she _____________ these flowers?

Vocabulario:
Do the dishes: lavar la loza / Sports: deportes / Often: a menudo / Practice: practicar / Taste: sabe (de sabor) / Truck:
camión / Follow: seguir / Quickly: rápidamente / Pet: mascota. / Vegetables: verduras / carols: villancicos / dusk:
crepúsculo / pound: libra / degree: grados

Presente Simple
y Presente Continuo
Ejercicios:

1.- Completa las siguientes frases con el verbo que está en el paréntesis. Tienes que fijarte bien si es presente
simple o continuo.

a) Usually, I (work) __________ as a secretary at TVN, but this summer I (study) _________ French at a
language school in Paris. That’s why I’m in Paris.
b) Shhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep) __________.
c) Don’t forget to take your umbrella. It (rain) ___________.
d) I hate living in Seattle because it (rain, always)__________________
e) Mary (have) _________ a big house in the countryside.
f) At the moment, I (cook) __________________ supper.
g) He (read)________________ the newspaper every weekday.
h) We (study) ________________ right now.
i) She (study)________________ every day.
j) Now it (rain) _______________.
k) They (travel)______________ to Mexico every year.
l) Just now we (do)________________ the shopping.
m) Now I (listen) ________________ to the radio.
n) Each Sunday, we (visit)________________ the flea market.
o) At present, I (look) ________________ for work.

Vocabulario:
Language school : escuela de idioma / That’s why : es por eso que… / Hate : odiar / loudly : fuerte / countryside : campo
/ Supper: cena / Just now: justo ahora / Flea market: feria de las pulgas.