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Simulation and Modelling PQ 2025

The document outlines instructions for a computer science examination at the University of Lagos, requiring students to answer any three questions related to discrete event simulation, queueing systems, and probability functions. It includes specific tasks such as simulating a queueing system, plotting customer data, and analyzing joint distributions of random variables. Each question is broken down into sub-questions that assess understanding of simulation concepts and statistical methods.

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Daniel Solomon
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33 views3 pages

Simulation and Modelling PQ 2025

The document outlines instructions for a computer science examination at the University of Lagos, requiring students to answer any three questions related to discrete event simulation, queueing systems, and probability functions. It includes specific tasks such as simulating a queueing system, plotting customer data, and analyzing joint distributions of random variables. Each question is broken down into sub-questions that assess understanding of simulation concepts and statistical methods.

Uploaded by

Daniel Solomon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS

FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES

Instructions:
Answer ANY THREE Questions.

Question 1
(a) Distinguish between the next-event time advance and fixed-
increment time advance approaches to discrete event simulation. (6
marks)
(b) List the components common to most discrete event simulation models
that use the next-event time advance approach. For each component,
describe its function in a single sentence. (6 marks)
(c) Using a flowchart, describe the flow of control for discrete event
simulation models that use the next-event time advance approach. (6
marks)
(d) Describe four advantages of simulation that may account for its
widespread appeal. (4 marks)
(e) Discuss four pitfalls to avoid in order to achieve the successful
completion of simulation studies. (4 marks)

Question 2
(a) Distinguish between the event scheduling approach and the process
approach to simulation modeling. (6 marks)
(b) A single-server queueing system operates under a first-in-first-out
(FIFO) discipline and starts empty at time 0. The interarrival and service
times for 10 customers are provided below:

Customer i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Interarrival 0.4 4.1 1.7 4.3 0.8 0.8 0.2 4.8 5.5 8.7
Time Ai 23 54 56 36 31 24 24 22 38 77
Service Time 2.3 1.2 4.3 5.2 4.4 3.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 2.2
Si 35 65 30 31 96 72 30 56 36 73
Simulation Tasks:
1. Simulate the system: Determine for each customer the arrival time,
service start time, and departure time.
2. Plot Q ( t ) : Graph the number of customers in the system (queue plus
the one in service) over time.
3. Estimate the average delay D ( 10 ): Calculate the average waiting
time (delay before service) for the 10 customers.
4. Estimate the time-average number of customers Q ( 10 ): Compute
the average number of customers in the queue during the simulation
period.
5. Estimate the server utilization U ( 10 ) : Calculate the fraction of time
the server is busy during the simulation period.

Question 3
(a) Distinguish between the probability mass function (PMF) and the
probability density function (PDF). (4 marks)
(b) Suppose that X 1 and X 2 are jointly normally distributed random
variables with the following probability density function:

f X , X ( x1 , x2 ) =
1 2

√ 2
1
1
2 π σ σ ( 1−ρ
2
2
2
12 )
exp ( −q2 )
where

( )
2 2
1 ( x 1−μ1 ) ( x 1−μ1 ) ( x 2−μ2 ) ( x 2−μ 2)
q= 2 2
−2 ρ 12 + 2
1−ρ12 σ1 σ1 σ2 σ2

Show that X 1 and X 2 are independent if ρ12=0 . (6 marks)


(c) Suppose in a simulation study that X and Y are jointly continuous
random variables with the probability density function:

f ( x , y )= { y−x
0,
, if 0< x <1 and 1< y <2 ,
otherwise.

 (a) Compute and plot the marginal probability density functions f X ( x )


and f Y ( y ).

(10 marks)

 (b) Determine whether X and Y are independent.

(6 marks)
 (c) Compute the cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) F X ( x ) and
F Y ( y ).

(6 marks)

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