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Work Sheet 4 and 5 and Assignment

The document outlines a series of tutorial questions for a Fluid Mechanics course at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, focusing on dimension analysis and fluid flow principles. It includes tasks such as verifying dimensions of various physical quantities, determining dimensionless groups for different fluid flow scenarios, and calculating flow rates and pressures in various systems. Specific questions also address the design of models based on similarity principles and the analysis of flow characteristics in pipes and channels.

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24 views3 pages

Work Sheet 4 and 5 and Assignment

The document outlines a series of tutorial questions for a Fluid Mechanics course at Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, focusing on dimension analysis and fluid flow principles. It includes tasks such as verifying dimensions of various physical quantities, determining dimensionless groups for different fluid flow scenarios, and calculating flow rates and pressures in various systems. Specific questions also address the design of models based on similarity principles and the analysis of flow characteristics in pipes and channels.

Uploaded by

yakobwale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

Collage of Biological and Chemical Engineering


Department of Chemical Engineering
Fluid Mechanics Tutorial Question (ChEg 3113)
1. Verify the dimensions, in both the FLT and MLT system of the following quantities volume,
acceleration, mass, moment of inertia (area), and work.
2. The pressure rise, ΔP across a pump can be expressed as ΔP=f (D, ρ, ϖ, Q) Where D is the
impeller diameter; ρ is the fluid density; ϖ is the rotational speed and Q is the flow rate. Determine
a suitable set of dimensionless parameters.
3. The flow rate, Q, of water in an open channel is assumed to be a function of the cross sectional
area of the channel, A, the height of the roughness of the channel surface,ϵ, the acceleration of
gravity, g, and the slope, So, of the hill on which the channel sits. Determine the dimensionless
groups and their relationship.
4. The variables governing the resistance to flow, or surface shear stress Ʈ0, in a closed
conduit are believed to include the flow mean velocity v, the conduit diameter D, its surface
roughness k and the density ρ and dynamic viscosity µ of the fluid. In addition if the surface of the
conduit is itself in motion then the surface velocity Vs may also be a factor. Determine the likely
dimensionless group.
5. Water flows over a dam as shown in the figure. Assume the flow rate, q, per unit length along the
dam depends on the head, H width, b, acceleration of gravity, g fluid density, ρ and fluid viscosity,
µ. Find out the set of dimensionless groups for this problem using b, g and ρ as repeating
variables.

6. At a sudden contraction in a pipe the diameter changes from D1 to D2. The pressure drop, ΔP
which develops across the contraction is a function of D1 and D2 as well as the velocity, V, in the
large pipe, the fluid density, ρ and viscosity, µ. Use D1, V and µ as repeating variables to
determine a suitable set of dimensionless parameters. Why it would be incorrect to include the
velocity in the smaller pipe as an additional variable?

Worksheet on Chapter Four and Five Page 1


7. Assume that the power, þ required to drive a fun a function of the diameter, D the fluid density, ρ
the rotational speed, ϖ and the flow rate, Q. Use D, ϖ and ρ as repeating variables to determine
the dimensionless groups and the power required as a function of dimensionless groups.
8. The design of a river model is to be based on Froude number, Fr similarity and a river depth of 3m
is to correspond to a model depth of 100mm. Under these conditions what is the prototype velocity
corresponding to a model velocity of 2m/s?
9. It is desired to determine the wave height when wind blows across a lake. The wave height, H is
assumed to be a function of wind velocity, V, the water density, ρ the air density, ρa , the water
depth, d the distance from the shore, L and the acceleration of gravity, g as shown below in the
Figure. Use d, V and ρ as repeating variables; determine dimensionless groups and express the
results in function form.

10. Water flows at rate of 40m3/s through the spillway of a dam which is 65m wide. A model spillway,
having a width of 0.9m, is to be constructed and tested in the laboratory. What is the required flow
rate in the model?
11. A submarine-launched missile, 2m in diameter and 10m long, is to be tested in a
water tunnel to determine the forces acting on it during its underwater launch. The maximum speed
during this initial part of the missile’s flight is 10 m s-1. Determine the mean water tunnel flow
velocity if a 1/20 scale model is employed and dynamic similarity is achieved.
12. The pressure drop in a venturi meter varies only with the fluid density, pipe approach velocity, and
diameter ratio of the meter ratio of the meter. A model venturi meter tested in water at 20 0C shows
a 5-kPa drop when approaches velocity is 4 m/s. A geometrically similar prototype meter is used to
measure gasoline at 20 0C and a flow rate of 9 m3/ min. if the prototype pressure gage is most

Worksheet on Chapter Four and Five Page 2


accurate at 15 kPa, what should the upstream pipe diameter be? P = f (ρ, V, d/D) for water at 20
0C, take ρ = 998 kg/m3. For gasoline at 20 0C ρ = 680 kg/m3.
13. Rain water runoff from a parking lot flows through a 10 cm diameter pipe, completely filling it.
Would you expect the flow to be laminar or turbulent?
14. Air at 1000F flows at standard atmospheric pressure in a pie at a rate of 0.2 kg/s. Determine the
minimum diameter allowed if the flow is to be laminar.
15. A fluid flows through a horizontal 2.5 cm diameter pipe. When the Reynolds number is 1500, the
head loss over a 6 m length of the pipe is 2.4 m. Determine the velocity.
16. The system in Figure below consists of 1200 m of 5 cm cast-iron pipe, two 45° and four 90°
flanged long-radius el-bows, a fully open flanged globe valve, and a sharp exit into a reservoir. If
the elevation at point 1 is 400 m, what gage pressure is required at point 1 to deliver 0.005 m 3/s of
water at 20°C into the reservoir?

17. Water is pumped at a rate of 20 L/s from a pond to a tank. The pipe is 60 m in length and made of
4-in, Schedule 40 commercial steel pipe. In the pipelines, there are two gate valves, one globe
valve and three 90o long-radius elbows. The surface of water in the tank is 5 m above the surface
of the pond. The vapor pressure in the tank is 50 kPa. Determine the static head, Characterize the
flow of water discharged to the tank, and head loss in the pipeline.
18. It is desired to deliver 60 m3/h of water at 20°C through a horizontal asphalted cast-iron pipe.
Estimate the pipe diameter which will cause the pressure drop to be exactly 40 kPa per 100 m of
pipe length.
Question Number 4, 11, 12, 16 and 17 Are Second Group Assignment Must be submit at
January 30

Worksheet on Chapter Four and Five Page 3

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