IDENTIFYING SAMPLING

DISTRIBUTION OF
SAMPLE
prepared by:
MEANS
fritz mike g. palec
elyza marie a. dongosa
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
 QUIZ QUIZ
1: 2:
_
1.)D

ANSWER 2.)B

3.)B

4.)C

5.)A
REVIEW!
1.) What is parameter?
2.) What is statistic?
3.) What is population?
4.) What is sample?
MOTIVATION
TONGUE
TWISTER
EASY:
Sample sizes showing similar sample
means.
MEDIUM:
Six samples of sixteen sunflowers show
similar sized sample means.
HARD:
Precisely predicting population
parameters poses persistent problems,
particularly pertaining to probabilistic
permutations present in potential
sample populations
 IDENTIFYING
SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION OF
SAMPLE MEANS
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
 Explain what sampling distribution of Statistics

OBJECTIVES: is about.

AT THE END OF
Describe the sampling distribution of the sample
means.
THIS LESSON,
YOU MUST:
Identify sampling distribution of Statistics.
ACTIVITY Given the set of numbers, compute for mean.

1.) 2, 5, 7, 3, 9
2.) 12, 15, 7, 9, 10, 17
3.) 3, 5, 7, 15, 17, 19, 21
4.) 20, 32, 26, 22, 27, 30, 28, 21
5.) 30, 35, 29, 34, 37, 40, 43, 36, 38
CORRECT ANSWER
Given the set of numbers, compute for mean.

1.) 2, 5, 7, 3, 9 5.2
2.) 12, 15, 7, 9, 10, 17 11.67
3.) 3, 5, 7, 15, 17, 19, 21 12.43
4.) 20, 32, 26, 22, 27, 30, 28, 21 25.75
5.) 30, 35, 29, 34, 37, 40, 43, 36, 38 35.78
 _
The sample mean (x) is an unbiased

SAMPLE estimator for the population

mean .

MEAN Given a sample of size (n), consider

(n) independent random variables
, the sample mean is
defined to be:
_
 EXAMPLE 1:
A researcher is studying the heights of sunflower in a field. They
randomly select 5 sunflowers and measure their heights (in centimeters): 185,
192, 178, 175, 180. Calculate the sample mean height of these sunflowers.
_
 EXAMPLE 2: TRY THIS!
A teacher records the scores of 5
students on a recent quiz: 85, 92, 78, 88, 95.
What is the sample mean score?
_
 The sampling distribution of a
SAMPLING statistics is the distribution of
values of each possible sample of
DISTRIBUTION the same size (n) in a population.

It tells the probability distribution

of values taken by the statistic.
STEPS IN 1.) Determine the number of sets of all

CONSTRUCTING possible random samples that can be

drawn from the given population by
THE SAMPLING using the formula of combination,

DISTRIBUTION
where (N) is the population size and (n) is
the sample size.
STEPS IN 2.) List all the possible samples
CONSTRUCTING and compute the sum of each

THE SAMPLING
sample.

DISTRIBUTION 3.) Construct the sampling

distribution.
 EXAMPLE:

Enumerate all possible sets when 2 balls are be drawn without

replacement from a population of numbered balls consisting of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15.
Compute the sum (S) of the 2 balls (sample values) to form the sample distribution.
STEP 1: Determine the possible random samples.
Given: N- 5
n- 2

!
! !
!
! !
 EXAMPLE:
Enumerate all possible sets when 2 balls are be drawn without replacement from a
population of numbered balls consisting of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. Compute the sum (S) of the 2 balls
(sample values) to form the sample distribution.
STEP 2: List all the possible samples and compute the sum of each sample.
 EXAMPLE:
Enumerate all possible sets when 2 balls are be drawn without replacement from a
population of numbered balls consisting of 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15. Compute the sum (S) of the 2 balls
(sample values) to form the sample distribution.
STEP 3: Construct the sampling distribution.
SAMPLING A sampling distribution of sample
DISTRIBUTION means is a frequency distribution
using the means computed from
OF SAMPLE all possible random samples of a

MEANS specific size taken from a

population. The means of the
samples are less than or greater
than the mean of the population.
STEPS IN
CONSTRUCTING 1.) Determine the number of sets of all
possible random samples that can be

THE SAMPLING drawn from the given population by

using the formula of combination,
DISTRIBUTION
OF THE MEANS
where (N) is the population size and (n) is
the sample size.
STEPS IN
CONSTRUCTING 2.) List all the possible samples and
compute the mean of each sample.
THE SAMPLING _

DISTRIBUTION 3.) Construct the sampling

OF THE MEANS
distribution.

4.) Construct a histogram of the

sampling distribution of the means.
 EXAMPLE 1:

A population consists of the numbers 2, 4, 9, 10, and 5. Let us list all

possible sample size of 3 without replacement from this population and compute
the mean of each sample.

STEP 1: Determine the possible random samples.

Given: N- 5
n- 3

!
! !
!
! !
 EXAMPLE 1:

A population consists of the numbers 2, 4, 9, 10, and 5. Let us list all

possible sample size of 3 without replacement from this population and compute
the mean of each sample.

STEP 2: List all the possible samples and compute the mean of each sample.

_
SAMPLE MEAN
STEP 3: Construct the sampling distribution.

2, 4, 9 5 SAMPLE MEAN (x) FREQUENCY PROBABILITY

2, 4, 10 5.33 3.67 1 1/10 or 0.10

5 1 1/10 or 0.10
2, 4, 5 3.67

5.33 2 1/5 or 0.20

2, 9, 10 7

5.67 1 1/10 or 0.10

2, 9, 5 5.33
6 1 1/10 or 0.10
2, 10, 5 5.67
6.33 1 1/10 or 0.10
4, 9, 10 7.67
7 1 1/10 or 0.10
4, 9, 5 6
7.67 1 1/10 or 0.10
4, 10, 5 6.33
8 1 1/10 or 0.10

9, 10, 5 8
TOTAL 10 1
SAMPLE
FREQUENCY PROBABILITY
STEP 4: Construct a histogram.
MEAN (x)

3.67 1 1/10 or 0.10

5 1 1/10 or 0.10

5.33 2 1/5 or 0.20

5.67 1 1/10 or 0.10

6 1 1/10 or 0.10

6.33 1 1/10 or 0.10

7 1 1/10 or 0.10

7.67 1 1/10 or 0.10

8 1 1/10 or 0.10

TOTAL 10 1
 TRY THIS!
Draw all possible samples with size 2 without replacement
from a population of the weight of 4 pumpkins (in pounds)
displayed in a carnival “GUESS THE WEIGHT” game booth.
_
Compute the sample mean (x) of the sample values to form the
sample distribution of sample means.
QUIZ!
 QUIZ 1!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1) A sampling distribution of sample means is a frequency distribution using the
means computed from all possible random samples of a specific size taken from a
population. Which of the following best describes the relationship between
samples and the mean of the population?
a) The means of the samples are always equal to the mean of the population.
b) The means of the samples are always less than the mean of the population.
c) The means of the samples are always greater than the mean of the population.
d) The means of the samples are less than or greater than the mean of the
population.

2) The first step in constructing a sampling distribution involves:

a) Calculating the mean of the population.
b) Determining the number of possible samples.
c) Creating a frequency distribution of sample means.
d) Randomly selecting samples from the population.
 QUIZ 1!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
3) The formula tells us:
a) How to calculate the average of all possible sample means.
b) The total number of different samples of size 'n' that can be taken from a
population of size 'N'.
c) The probability of getting a specific sample mean.
d) The standard deviation of the sampling distribution.
4) A researcher wants to create a sampling distribution. They know their
population size (N) is 100 and they want to take samples of size 10 (n). A crucial
first step is determining how many unique samples of size 10 are possible from
this population. Which of the following calculations will directly provide the
researcher with this necessary information?
a) Calculating the population mean.
b) Creating a frequency distribution of sample means.
c) Using the formula
d) Randomly selecting 10 samples from the population.
QUIZ 1!
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
5) A botanist is studying the heights of a specific species of
sunflower in a field. They randomly select 5 sunflowers and
measure their heights (in centimeters): 150, 165, 155, 170, and
160. What is the mean height of these sunflowers?
a) 160 cm
b) 155 cm
c) 170 cm
d) 140 cm
 QUIZ 2!
Solve for the sample mean. (5 pts.)
A coffee shop owner wants to assess the
average amount of coffee (in ounces) customers
purchase in a day. They randomly select 8
customer orders and record the following
amounts: 16, 12, 20, 18, 14, 16, 22, 10. Calculate
the sample mean coffee purchase.
 FINDING THE MEAN AND THE
VARIANCE OF THE SAMPLING
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
prepared by:
MEANS
fritz mike g. palec
elyza marie a. dongosa
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
 1.) MEAN

2.) EXPECTED VALUE

ANSWER 3.) SAMPLING

DISTRIBUTION

4.) STANDARD
ERROR

5.) HISTOGRAM
REVIEW!
1. What is the formula for getting the sample
mean?
2. In the formula of combination ,
what does N stand for?
3. How many steps do we have in constructing the
sampling distribution of the mean, and what are
those?
 FINDING THE MEAN AND
THE VARIANCE OF THE
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION
OF THE SAMPLE MEANS
STATISTICS & PROBABILITY
 Find the mean and variance of the sampling

OBJECTIVES: distribution of the sample mean.

AT THE END OF
Describe the relationship of the mean of the
sample to the mean of the population.
THIS LESSON,
YOU MUST:
Identify what the standard deviation of the
sample mean is.
ACTIVITY
With the given jumbled letters, complete the statements
below by arranging the letters bellow.
1.) A-S-N-L-M-I-P-G
The distribution of sample means is frequency
distribution of the sample means taken from a population.
2.) O-T-M-A-R-S-I-G-H
The of the sampling distibution of the sample
means is a bar graph constructed by plotting the sample
means along the horizontal axis and the problem along the
vertical axis.
3.) A-M-E-N
The of the sampling distribution of the sample
means is equal to the mean of the population.
4.) R-O-R-E-R
Standard of the mean is the standard deviation
of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.
5.) D-E-X-E-P-E-T-C
Mean is also called value.
CORRECT ANSWER
1.) SAMPLING
2.) HISTOGRAM
3.) MEAN
4.) ERROR
5.) EXPECTED
MEAN OF THE
SAMPLING The mean of the sampling
distribution of the sample
DISTRIBUTION mean is the mean of the
OF THE SAMPLE population from which the
scores where sampled.
MEAN
PROPERTIES OF
MEAN OF THE If a population has a mean , then the

SAMPLING mean of the sampling distribution of

the sample mean is also .

DISTRIBUTION The symbol - is used to refer to the

mean of the sampling distribution of
OF SAMPLE the sample mean.
Therefore, the formula for the mean
MEANS of the sampling distributionof the
sample mean can be written as:
-
VARIANCE OF
THE SAMPLING The variance of the sampling
distribution of the sample
DISTRIBUTION mean gives an idea of how
OF SAMPLE spread out the data is around
the mean.
MEAN
PROPERTIES OF
VARIANCE OF The variance of the sampling

THE SAMPLING distribution of the sample mean is the

population variance divided by n, the

DISTRIBUTION sample size.

The larger the sample size, the more
OF SAMPLE closely the sample mean will
represent the population mean.
MEANS As n grows larger, the variance
becomes smaller.
STANDARD The standard error of the

ERROR OF THE mean is the standard

deviation of the sampling
MEAN distribution of the sample
mean.
The following are formulae needed to compute the mean,
variance, and standard deviation of a population and mean,
variance, and standard deviation of the sampling distribution
of sample means.
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLE
POPULATION MEANS

MEAN

VARIANCE

STANDARD
DEVIATION
STEPS IN
CONSTRUCTING 1.) Compute for the population mean.

THE SAMPLING 2.) Compute the population variance.

DISTRIBUTION 3.) Find the population standard

deviation.
OF THE MEANS 4.) List all possible samples and their
corresponding means.
STEPS IN
5.) Construct the sampling distribution
of the sample means.

CONSTRUCTING 6.) Compute the mean of the sampling

THE SAMPLING
distribution of the sample means.

DISTRIBUTION 7.) Compute the variance of the

sampling distribution of the sample

OF THE MEANS means.

8.) Compute the standard deviation of

the sampling distribution of the sample
means.
EXAMPLE:

Consider a population consisting of the values 2, 5, and 8.

a.) Compute the population mean.
EXAMPLE:

b.) Compute the population variance.

?
2 -...3 9

5 0 0

8 3 9
EXAMPLE:

c.) Compute the population standard deviation.

EXAMPLE:

d.) List all the possible samples of size 2 with replacement and their
corresponding means.
OBSERVATION SAMPLES ‘X

1 2, 2 2

2 2, 5 3.5

3 2, 8 5

4 5, 2 3.5

5 5, 5 5

6 5, 8 6.5

7 8' 2 5

8 8, 5 6.5

9 8, 8 8
EXAMPLE:

e.) Construct a sampling distribution of sample means.

SAMPLE MEAN FREQUENCY PROBABILITY

2 1` 1/9

3.5 2 2/9

5 3 3/9

6.5 2 2/9

8 1 1/9
EXAMPLE: f.) Find the mean of the sampling distribution of means.
OBSERVATION SAMPLES ‘X

1 2, 2 2

2 2, 5 3.5

3 2, 8 5

4 5, 2 3.5

5 5, 5 5

6 5, 8 6.5

7 8' 2 5

8 8, 5 6.5

9 8, 8 8
 EXAMPLE: g.) Find the variance of the sampling distribution of means.
OBSERVATION SAMPLES ‘X

?
1 2, 2 2 -...3 9

?
2 2, 5 3.5 -...1.5 2.25

3 2, 8 5 0 0

?
4 5, 2 3.5 -...1.5 2.25

5 5, 5 5 0 0

6 5, 8 6.5 1.5 2.25

7 8' 2 5 0 0

8 8, 5 6.5 1.5 2.25

9 8, 8 8 3 9
EXAMPLE:

h.) Find the standard deviation of the sampling

distribution of sample means.
QUIZ!
QUIZ!
Identify what is being asked. (2 pts each)

1.) The of the sampling distribution of the

sample means is equal to the mean of the population.
2.) Mean is also called .
3.) The of sample means is
frequency distribution of the sample means taken
from a population.
QUIZ!
Identify what is being asked. (2 pts each)

4.) of the mean is the standard

deviation of the sampling distribution of the sample
mean.
5.) The of the sampling distibution of the
sample means is a bar graph constructed by
plotting the sample means along the horizontal axis
and the problem along the vertical axis.
 THANK YOUUU!

STATISTICS & PROBABILITY