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Computer Assignment

The document covers the history of computer science, highlighting the evolution from early mechanical computers to modern PCs, emphasizing key developments like the ENIAC and the introduction of transistors. It explains basic machine organization, detailing the roles of the CPU, memory, and storage in a computer's functionality. Additionally, it explores computer graphics, including 2D and 3D graphics, rendering, modeling, and their applications across various industries such as entertainment and healthcare.

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hamren716
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5 views

Computer Assignment

The document covers the history of computer science, highlighting the evolution from early mechanical computers to modern PCs, emphasizing key developments like the ENIAC and the introduction of transistors. It explains basic machine organization, detailing the roles of the CPU, memory, and storage in a computer's functionality. Additionally, it explores computer graphics, including 2D and 3D graphics, rendering, modeling, and their applications across various industries such as entertainment and healthcare.

Uploaded by

hamren716
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment

Course: Introduction to Computing

1. History of Computer Science

Exploring the story of computers takes us back to the early 1900s when the first
mechanical computers came to life. These early machines were big and mainly
did math stuff.

A big deal happened in the 1940s with the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator And Computer), one of the first electronic all-purpose computers. It
was huge and used vacuum tubes for thinking. After that, computers improved
with transistors replacing vacuum tubes, making computers smaller, faster, and
more reliable. That's when the second generation of computers started.

The Abacus, the first computer, was like the ancient calculator that was invented
way back. It's a simple yet brilliant device used for counting and basic arithmetic
operations. The Abacus is thought to have originated in ancient Mesopotamia or
China. It consists of beads or stones on rods within a frame, and by moving
these beads, people can perform calculations.

Later on, cool stuff like integrated circuits and microprocessors made computers
even more awesome, smaller, and cheaper. This led to the PC era, making
computers accessible to everyone.

2. Basic Machine Organization

Basic machine organization is all about how a computer's insides are set up to get things done.
It's like the teamwork between different parts inside a computer to make it work smoothly. It's
like a puzzle where each piece (CPU, memory, storage) has its role. The CPU thinks, memory
remembers for now, and storage keeps things long-term. Together, they make your computer a
smart helper!
Imagine the CPU as the brain, doing all the thinking and calculations. Then you've got memory,
which is like the computer's short-term memory, storing data that's being used right now. And
storage, like your hard drive, is for keeping stuff long-term, even when the computer is turned
off.

When these parts work together, they help your computer do things like run programs, store
information, and complete tasks for you. It's like all the parts of a computer working together
smoothly, like a team, to make it work.

3. Computer Graphics
Computer graphics is a field of computer science that focuses on creating, displaying, and
manipulating visual content using computers. It plays a significant role in various industries,
including entertainment, design, gaming, education, and virtual reality.

Key Concepts in Computer Graphics:

Types of Graphics:

2D Graphics: Deals with flat images like drawings, charts, and photos. These are often used in
UI design, illustration, and desktop publishing.

3D Graphics: Involves creating images or scenes that appear three-dimensional. This is


commonly used in movies, video games, and architectural modeling.

Rendering: The process of converting 3D models into 2D images. It involves adding details like
light, texture, and shadows to make scenes look realistic or stylized.

Modeling: The creation of a digital representation of objects, characters, or environments, is


often done in 3D software.

Making objects or characters move in a way that looks realistic or expressive. This is key in
movies, games, and simulations.

User Interaction: Graphics play a role in making software visually appealing and user-friendly
through elements like icons, buttons, and animations.

Applications: Entertainment: Movies, video games, virtual reality.

Design: CAD (Computer-Aided Design) for engineering and architecture.

Education: Simulations, visualizations, and interactive learning tools.


Healthcare: Medical imaging and simulations for surgery.

How Computer Graphics Work:


Computer graphics rely on hardware (like GPUs) and software to process mathematical data
and display it visually on screens. Specialized software like Photoshop, Blender, or Unity is
often used for creating and editing graphics.

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