OBJECTIVE: CREATE AND SAVE NEW FILE OR DOCUMENT

Every Word project you create whether it’s a personal letter, a TV sitcom script, or a
thesis in microbiology begins and ends the same way. You start by creating a
document, and you end by saving your work.

• Opening a Word document. Once you’ve created some Word documents,

this method is fastest of all, since you don’t have to start Word as a separate
step. Just open an existing Word document, and Word starts itself. Try going to
Start → My Recent Documents, and then, from the list of files, choose a
Word document. You can also double-click the document’s icon on the
desktop or wherever it lives on your PC.

Creating a New Blank Document

If you want a new blank document, just like the one Word shows you when you start the
program. No problem here are the steps:

1. Choose Office button → New.

The New Document dialog box appears.
To open the New Document window. Then click “New from existing”
2. In the upper-left corner of the large “Create a new Word
document” panel, click “Blank document”.
The New Document box presents a seemingly endless number of options, but you
have to click on the “Blank document” option on the left side of the first line.
3. At the bottom of the New Document
dialog box, Click Create.
The dialog box disappears, and you’re gazing at the blank page of a new Word
document.

Saving and Closing Documents

From the earliest days of personal computing, the watchword has been “save early,
save often.” So, here are some tips to protect your work from disasters human made
and natural.
• Name and save your document shortly after you first
create it. You’ll see the steps to do so later in this section.
• Get in the habit of doing a quick save with the short key Ctrl
+ S, when you pause to think.
Ctrl+ S still works for a quick save
 • If you’re leaving your computer for an extended period of time,
save and close your document.

Save Documents

Saving by keyboard shortcut

• Ctrl+S. If you’re an old hand at Word, this keyboard shortcut may already
be burned in your brain. This command quickly saves the document and
lets you get back to work.

Saving by menu command

• Office button → Save. If you don’t want to use keyboard shortcuts, you
can mouse your way to the same place using menus. Like the options
above, this command saves your file with its current name.
• Office button → Save As. The Save As option lets you save your file
with a new name. When you use this command, you create a new
document with a new name that includes any changes you’ve made.
• Office button → Close. When you close a document, Word checks to
see if you’ve made any changes to the file. When you’ve made changes,
Word always asks whether you’d like to save the document.
 OBJECTIVE: INSTALLATION OF MS OFFICE 2010
Microsoft Office is a suite of software that includes Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and more.
Insert the Office 2010 disc into the drive, when prompted, enter the product key. Read and accept the
Microsoft Software License terms, and then click Continue. Follow the prompts to complete the Install
wizard, and after Office installs,click Close.

1. Uninstall any old versions of Office. Keeping any older versions of Office installed
can cause errors and problems with your files. To remove old installations. Open the
Control Panel and select Programs and Features (Windows Vista, 7, 8), or Add/Remove
Programs (Windows XP). Wait for the list to load and then select your old Office
installation. Click the Uninstall/Remove button and wait for the uninstallation process
to finish before installing Office 2010.

2. Insert your Office 2010 DVD. Alternatively, open the downloaded Setup file that you
received when you purchased Office 2010 online. Either method will follow the same
steps.

3. Enter the Product Key. This is the 25-character key found on the packaging that your
Office 2010 came in. If you purchased online, the key will be displayed in the order
confirmation window.
You do not need to enter the dashes in between groups of characters.

4. Accept the License Terms. In order to proceed with the installation, you need to check
the box indicating that you have read and agree to Microsoft’s terms of use.

5. Choose your installation. Clicking Install Now will install all of the Office products
included in the version that you purchased. Office will be installed to your default hard
drive (the same that Windows is installed on).

6. Choose Customize to specify which products you want to install. For example, if you
never use Excel and just need Word, use Customize to disable the Excel installation.
You can also use the Customize option to install Office to a different location on your
computer.

7. Wait for installation to complete. Once you have chosen your installation options,
Office will be automatically installed. The amount of time this takes will vary depending
on the version you are installing and the speed of your computer.

Once Office is finished installing, you can access each of the individual office programs from the Start
menu.
 OBJECTIVE: INSTALLATION OF AVG ANTIVIRUS SOFTWARE
INSTRUCTIONS
✓ Click the name of your product to download the installation file: AVG Antivirus.
✓ Run the downloaded file to start the installation process.
✓ Follow the instructions on your screen.
✓ When prompted, enter your AVG license number.
✓ Complete the installation and restart your computer.

1. Click the button below to download the AVG Antivirus setup file, and save it to a
familiar location on your PC. Downloaded files are saved to your Downloads folder.

DOWNLOAD AVG ANTIVIRUS FOR WINDOWS

2. Right-click the downloaded setup file AVG antivirus setup.exe and select

Run as administrator from the context menu.

3. If prompted for permission by the User Account Control dialog,

click Yes.
NOTE: If you are unable to authorize installation of AVG Antivirus, refer to the
following article for advice:

Managing administrative accounts on your Windows PC

4. Click Install to proceed with default installation,

or
5. Click Customize if you want to make changes to the default setup. Additionally,
untick the box if you do not want to install AVG Secure Browser.

6. Wait while setup installs AVG Antivirus on your PC. Click Continue.

7. Click the Continue with Antivirus.

8. Click Run first scan to run a comprehensive Smart Scan and immediately check your
PC for viruses, malware, bad browser add-ons, and other issues.

AVG Antivirus is now installed, but some components may not fully function until you restart your
PC.
 OBJECTIVE: TO WRITE LEAVE APPLICATION TO CLASS
TEACHER

STEPS:
✓ In the subject line of the email put the reason, (Leave of Absence Request, Request for Leave
of Absence) followed by your full name.
✓ Explain the leave of absence request.
✓ Include a closing.
✓ Include your name.

Respected Sir/ Madam, I am (your name), studying in your school in class (class and section). This
letter is to inform you that I had to take a leave from my classes on (dates of leave) due to unexpected
fever. I hereby request you to consider my absence as leave.

✓ What to include in a leave application for office?

✓ Salutation.
✓ Purpose of the application (subject) Reason for leave.
✓ Number of leaves needed (particular dates) Work plan during your absence.
✓ Contact information.
✓ Signature.

Subject: Sick leave application Dear Mr. / Mrs. {Teacher’s Name},

I am writing to notify you that I need sick leave from School because of a COVID-19 viral
infection to me. I caught the infection yesterday evening in marriage party and since then have been
feeling very weak.
As per the doctor, I need to take medication for fifteen days (quarantine at home), along with proper
rest for at least two week. The letter from the doctor is attached, confirming the need of time to recover
from the illness.

Kindly allow me a two week-long leave, until the {date}. Should I require an extended period off, I
will let you know as early as possible.

Please feel free to contact me at your convenience, should you have any questions or require
clarification concerning the ongoing illness. Thank you for your quick attention to this matter.

Sincerely,
{You’re Name}
 OBJECTIVE: INSERT AUTOMATIC TABLE CONTENT WITH
TWO HEADINGS
STEPS:

✓ How do I insert a heading 2 in a Table of Contents?

✓ Image result for INSERT AUTOMATIC TABLE CONTENT WITH TWO
HEADING
✓ To create a subheading in your table of contents, create the subheading in your
document.
✓ Highlight it and click Heading 2 at the top of your screen.
✓ It will be added to your table of contents, nested underneath the appropriate
chapter heading.

Click where you want to insert the table of contents – usually near the beginning of a
document. Click References > Table of Contents and then choose an Automatic Table
of Contents style from the list.

A table of contents in Word is based on the headings in your document. Create the table
of contents

1. Put your cursor where you want to add the table of contents.

2. Go to References > Table of Contents. And choose an automatic style.

3. If you make changes to your document that affect the table of contents, update the
table of contents by right-clicking the table of contents and choosing Update
Field.

4. To update your table of contents manually, see Update a table of

contents. If you have missing entries.

5. Missing entries often happen because headings aren't formatted

as headings.

6. For each heading that you want in the table of contents, select the heading text.

7. Go to Home > Styles, and then choose Heading 1.

8. Update your table of contents.

To update your table of contents manually, see Update a table of contents.
 OBJECTIVE: TO DESIGN A BIRTH DAY CARD

Step 1: Make Up Your Mind on the Content of Your Card

It is very important that before you start making your card, you should have in mind the type of things
you would like to put down in the birthday card. You should sketch the details down on a piece of paper
so as not to forget.
Step 2: Open the Microsoft Office 2010 on Your Computer.
After opening the Microsoft Word app in your computer, head to the file section > New > Blank
document. After that, go to the page layout section and select orientation and then select landscape.
Finally, go to the column section and select the number of columns you would like. Using two columns,
you can now include images, any text you would like, and any type of decorations you would like to
use on the column that is on the right side (hand) this is what will make up the front of your birthday
card. The fact that you are using columns means that even if you fold it after printing it, the birthday
card will be nicely lined up.
Step 3: You Ought to Change the Color of Your Background.
Click on the page layout section then click on the page color. The page color consists of many different
types of colors that you can choose from. When choosing the right color, always consider the receiver's
favorite color and not the color you prefer. You want the card to be perfect so as to make the receiver
extremely happy. If you are not sure of the right color, then you necessarily do not have to put a
background color. The background color will sometimes use up a lot of your ink, therefore it is not
really a must.
Step 4: Add a Border.
At this step, you should go the page layout section and click on page border. Choose any style that is
fun and appeals to you in the Art box and it consists of several patterns, different kinds of balloons,
stars and even hearts. You should also choose the type of color.
Step 5: Add the Appropriate Text.
Head to Home and select Word Art section- here you can choose the type of text that you would like
to use. You can decide on the text color or text size at this step.
Step 6: Add the Clip Art.
If you are using new version like Office 360, 2013 or 16 then unfortunately Microsoft Office no longer
provide clip arts. But if you are using 2010 or earlier version then go to Insert and click on Clip Art.
Microsoft Word 2010 consists of many kinds of images you can pick and use. Click on the search
section and type the word 'birthday'.
Step 7: Insert Your Own Pictures
Go to insert and select pictures. You should have the pictures saved somewhere in a folder in your
computer. Click on the folder which has the picture and select the one you are planning to use. You can
decide to crop your picture or not. After you are satisfied, save the file.
Step 8: Edit Your Card
You should go through your card just to make sure everything is in order.
Step 9: Print and Save Your Card.
Printing is done just like the way you print a normal power point file and the save it in your computer.
 OBJECTIVE: TO CREATE A MARKSHEET OF TEN STUDENTS
Mark sheet Format in Excel.
The management of schools uses MS Excel to maintain data of students. In the excel mark sheet,
we have to manipulate the marks of students in various ways to evaluate their performance and give
the result.

STEPS:
1. Start “MS Excel” program.

2. Fill your data by these information “SNO”, “Name”, “F/Name”, “English”, “Chemistry”,
“Mathematics”, “Physics”, “Biology”, “Drawing”, “History”, “Total Marks”, “Marks Obtained”,
“Minimum no”, “Maximum no”, “Average”, and “Grade”.

3. For example, if you type the formula =10/100 in cell A2, Excel will display the result as 0.1. If you
then format that decimal as a percentage, the number will be displayed as 10%, as you’d expect.

4. Type =5+2*3 in another cell and press Enter or Return. Excel multiplies the last two numbers and
adds the first number to the result.

Formula Description Result

=A2+A3 Adds the values in cells A1 and A2 =A2+A3

=A2-A3 Subtracts the value in A2 from A1 =A2-A3

5. So for each cell (in the Total column) we will enter =SUM (Grade Cell * Weight Cell), so my first
formula is =SUM(B2*C2), the next one would be =SUM(B3*C3) and so on.

6. To insert a check mark symbol in Excel, simply press SHIFT + P and use the Wingdings 2 font.
You can also insert a checkbox in Excel.

7. As an example, to add 10 to each cell, enter "10" (without the quotation marks here and throughout).
To increase the values by a certain percentage, add 100 to the percentage and enter the number with
the percent sign, such as "150%" to add a 50 percent profit margin.

8. The percentage formula in Excel is = Numerator/Denominator (used without multiplication by 100).

To convert the output to a percentage, either press “Ctrl + Shift + %” or click “%” on the Home
tab's “number” group. Let us consider a simple example.
 OBJECTIVE: APPLYING FORMULA IN MS EXCEL

Enter a Formula | Edit a Formula | Operator Precedence | Copy/Paste a Formula | Insert Function

A formula is an expression which calculates the value of a cell. Functions are predefined formulas
and are already available in Excel.
For example, ADDITION
=A1+A2+A3
For example, SUM
=SUM (A1:A3)

ENTER A FORMULA
To enter a formula, execute the following steps.
1. Select a cell.
2. To let Excel know that you want to enter a formula, type an equal sign (=).
3. For example,
Type the formula A1+A2. (Instead of typing A1 and A2, simply select cell A1 and cell A2.
4. Change the value of cell A1 to 3.
Excel automatically recalculates the value of cell A3. This is one of Excel's most powerful
features!

EDIT A FORMULA
When you select a cell, Excel shows the value or formula of the cell in the formula bar.
1. To edit a formula, click in the formula bar and change the formula.
2. Press Enter.

OPERATOR PRECEDENCE
Excel uses a default order in which calculations occur. If a part of the formula is in parentheses, that
part will be calculated first. It then performs multiplication or division calculations. Once this is
complete, Excel will add and subtract the remainder of your formula.
For example, SUM
=A1*A2*A3
First, Excel performs multiplication (A1 * A2). Next, Excel adds the value of cell A3 to
this result. Another example,
=A1*(A2+A3)
First, Excel calculates the part in parentheses (A2+A3). Next, it multiplies this result by the value of
cell A1.

INSERT A FUNCTION
To insert a function, execute the following steps.

1. Select a cell.
2. Click the Insert Function button.
The 'Insert Function' dialog box appears.
3. Search for a function or select a function from a category. For example, choose COUNTIF
from the Statistical category.
4. Click OK. The 'Function Arguments' dialog box appears.
5. Click in the Range box and select the range A1:C2.
6. Click in the Criteria box and type >5.
7. Click OK.

Result. The COUNTIF function counts the number of cells that are greater than 5.

Note: instead of using the Insert Function feature, simply type =COUNTIF (A1:C2,">5"). When you
arrive at:
=COUNTIF (instead of typing A1:C2, simply select the range A1:C2.
 OBJECTIVE: TO CREATE A WEB SITE

Step 1: Open a text/ html editor

Remember the text editor I talked about earlier on, time to open and use it. If you have used one
before, skip to the next section. If you don’t know how, the instructions below will help you
depending on the kind of computer you use.
How to open a text editor on a Ubuntu [YouTube]
How to open a text editor on a Window computer [YouTube]
How to open a text editor on a Mac [YouTube]
After opening the text editor of your choice, create a new file. Then, you can proceed to the next step.
Advertisement.

Step 2: Write some html code

We are now going to add the HTML boiler plate code. This is the code that will allow the browser to
correctly display your webpage.
Copy and paste the code below into your file. Your file should look like this now:

<! DOCTYPE html>

< html >
< head >
< title> </title>
</head>
<body>
Your content here.
</body>
</html>

Save the html page by pressing CTRL + S or click on file option then save option. Ensure that
you name the file in the following format: “name” then “.html” examples index.html,
cooking.html.
You can use these two guidelines when naming webpage file:
Use .html file name extension: The file name extension html tells the computer that that file is a web
page and should be viewed by a web browser.
Use underscore or hyphen instead of space: If you choose to name your file to have more than one
word, use hyphen or underscore between the words. If you put spaces in the file name, the webpage
may not be found by the web browser.
Choose where to save the file. Once you have chosen a place to save the file, click save.
To view the file. Use your file manager to navigate to the folder your HTML file is. Right click on
the file and open it with a browser. You should see something like this.

Step 3: Add the text content

Copy the content you wrote earlier or the readymade content I arranged for you to use. Paste it in
between the body tags.
Refresh the webpage on the browser. It will look like a blob of text with no paragraphs or headings
shown below.

Step 4: Add the html tags.

 Headings
First, we shall tackle the headings. Check which part or the text was the main heading. In our
example it is “Insect eating: The ultimate guide to eating crickets”.
Place this text between h1 tags as shown below:
<h1>
Insect eating: The ultimate guide to eating crickets
</h1>

Step 5: Html Tags cont.…

Save your work and check the result on the browser.
Paragraphs
For the paragraphs of text, place each paragraph of text between the <p></p> html tags. Example:
<p>
When you hear about eating insects most people gross out. However, Insects are considered a
delicacy in many parts of the world. Most of the insects eaten are farm grown but, in some places,
they don' shy away from eating insects collected from the wild.
</p>
<p>
Eating insects is considered:
</p>
Healthy since insects have less fat content.
Environmentally friendly: It takes a smaller number of food/plants to rear insects compared to cows.
People who don't eat milk and meat products can try out insects as protein substitute.
View the result on the browser.

Step 6: Add a list

Lists make reading a group of things easier on our eyes and brain. Let’s add a bullet point type list:
<ul>
<li >healthy since insects have less fat content. </li>
<li >environmentally friendly: It takes a smaller number of food/plants to rear insects compared to
cows. </li>
<li>people who don't eat milk and meat products can try out insects as protein substitute. </li>
</ul >
Refresh and view the result on the browser.
Step 7: Add images
Remember the URL’s or the images you saved. Now is the time to unleash them.
We are going to use the HTML’s img tag <img src="URL" alt="Shown when image cannot load"> to
add your images on the webpage.
If you just copied the images’ URL, you will add the URL inside the quotes of src attribute.
Remember to add alt attribute that shows when the image cannot be displayed. Example:
<img src="https://avicndugu.github.io/practice-projects-html/cricket-eating/final/img/fried-
crickets.jpg" alt="Fried crickets on display">

Step 8: Embed a YouTube video

Search for relevant video on YouTube. Once you have found it, click on share button/ link. You will
get a popup. Click on embed option.
Click on the copy button to copy the code that is displayed.
Paste your code on your webpage where you want the video to be displayed. For my case this is the
code that i got:
<iframe width="310" height="160" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BwC4WRKi5QY"
frame border="0" allow="accelerometer; auto play; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-
picture" allow Full screen></iframe>
View the html page on a browser.
If you have completed all the 8 steps, you should have a working HTML page that you should be
proud of.

Step 9: Add a link to your source of information

If you copied some content from another web page, it is considered appropriate to add a URL
pointing to the original source of information.
You can add a link using <a href="URL">Words explaining what you will find if you click on the
link</a> HTML tag.
<a href="https://avicndugu.github.io/practice-projects-html/cricket-eating/final/">HTML and CSS
Cricket Project</a>
View the html page on a browser.
You should now have a link at the bottom with the words: “HTML and CSS Cricket Project”.
 OBJECTIVE: TO CREATE A TABLE IN HTML
STEPS
1. Create a <html> tag.
2. Create a table using the tags <table> </table>.
3. Create rows in the table using <tr> This is the row tag </tr>.
4. Insert the data into rows using <td> Table Data </td> tags.
5. Close the table tag.
6. Close the html tag </html>.
To create table in HTML, use the <table> tag.
A table consist of rows and columns, which can be set using one or more <tr>, <th>, and <td>
elements.
A table row is defined by the <tr> tag. To set table header, use the <th> tag.
The HTML Table is used to create a table using <table> tag.
In table, each row is specified using <tr> tag and a table header is defined using <th> tag.
A table data is defined using <td> tag.

Syntax:

<table>
<tr>
<th>Table Header</th>
<th>Table Header</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table data</td>
<td>Table data</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Table data</td>
<td>Table data</td>
</tr>
</table>

HTML Table Attributes

ATTRIBUTES EXPLANATION
Col span It is used to span a table cell across column of a
table.
Rows span It is used to span a table cell across rows of a
table.

HTML Caption Element

We can also set caption for a table using HTML caption element.
Syntax
<caption>text</caption>

Example
Let us see an example of HTML Tables:
Live Demo
<! DOCTYPE html>
< html >
<style>
body {
color: #000;
height: 100vh;
background-color: #8BC6EC;
background-image: linear-gradient (135deg, #8BC6EC 0%, #9599E2 100%);
text-align: center;
}
table {
margin: 2rem auto;
width: 400px;
}
Caption {
color: #fff;
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
</style>
<body>
<h1>HTML Tables</h1>
<table border="2">
<caption> Student Data</caption>
<tr>
<th> Name</th>
<th> Roll No.</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> John</td>
<td> 031717</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> Elon</td>
<td>051717</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
 Output

HTML TABLE
Student Data

Name Roll No.

Amir 12

Shahid 13