𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑂𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧

𝐴𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 3𝑎 − 𝑐 + 4𝑏 − 3𝑑 = −2 3𝑎 + 4𝑏 − 𝑐

− 3𝑑 = −2 3 4 −1 −3 −2

−3𝑏 + 𝑎 + 4𝑑 − 3𝑐 = −5 𝑎 − 3𝑏 − 3𝑐 + 4𝑑 = −5 1 −3 −3 4−5

3𝑐 + 𝑏 − 4𝑎 + 3𝑑 = 19 − 4𝑎 + 𝑏 + 3𝑐 + 3𝑑 = 19 −41 3 3

19

−3𝑑 − 𝑐 − 4𝑏 − 3𝑎 = −24 − 3𝑎 − 4𝑏 − 𝑐 − 3𝑑 = −24 − 3 − 4 − 1 − 3 −

24 3𝑐 + 𝑑 + 4𝑎 + 3𝑏 = 25 4𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 3𝑐 + 𝑑

= 25 4 3 31 25

𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐸𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎

1 0 0 0 1

0 1 0 0 2
0 0 1 0 4
0 0 0 1 3

𝑆𝑒 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒:

𝑎=1

𝑏=2

𝑐 =4

𝑑 =3
Inversa de A: http://matrixcalc.org/es/#%7B%7B-1,0,1,1%7D,%7B1,1,0,1%7D,%7B3,1,-1,1%7D,%7B1,1,1,1%7D%7D%5E
%28-1%29

Matriz A elevada a la 2

X es:

X*A
Determinante: http://matrixcalc.org/es/det.html#determinant-Gauss%28%7B%7Bx,x-1,x+1%7D,%7B1,2,3%7D,%7B2-
x,x+3,x+7%7D%7D%29

|A| = x (-1)2 (2x + 14 – 3x – 9) +

(x – 1) (-1)3 (X + 7 -6 + 3x) +

( x + 1) (-1)4 (x + 3 – 4 + 2x) = 0

|A| = -x2 + 5x – (x - 1) (4x + 1) + (x + 1) (3x – 1) =0

|A| = -x2 + 5x – (-4x2 – 3x – 1) + (3x2 + 2x – 1) = 0

|A| = -2x2 + 10x = 2x (-x + 5)

X1= =0
−10+10
X=
−10 ± √ 100 −4
−4
X2 = =
−10−10
−4
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑎:

𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥5 + 𝑏𝑥4 + 𝑐𝑥3 + 𝑑𝑥2 + 𝑒𝑥 + 𝑓

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (0,1) → 𝑝(0) = 𝑎(0)5 + 𝑏(0)4 + 𝑐(0)3 + 𝑑(0)2 + 𝑒(0) + 𝑓 = 1

𝑝(0) = 𝑎(0) + 𝑏(0) + 𝑐(0) + 𝑑(0) + 𝑒(0) + 𝑓 = 1

𝑝(0) = 𝑓 = 1

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (1,2) → 𝑝(1) = 𝑎(1)5 + 𝑏(1)4 + 𝑐(1)3 + 𝑑(1)2 + 𝑒(1) + 𝑓 = 2

𝑝(1) = 𝑎(1) + 𝑏(1) + 𝑐(1) + 𝑑(1) + 𝑒(1) + 1 = 2

𝑝(1) = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 + 𝑒 = 1

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (−1, −4) → 𝑝(−1) = 𝑎(−1)5 + 𝑏(−1)4 + 𝑐(−1)3 + 𝑑(−1)2 + 𝑒(−1) + 𝑓 = −4

𝑝(−1) = 𝑎(−1) + 𝑏(1) + 𝑐(−1) + 𝑑(1) + 𝑒(−1) + 1 = −4

𝑝(−1) = −𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑐 + 𝑑 − 𝑒 = −5

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (2,23) → 𝑝(2) = 𝑎(2)5 + 𝑏(2)4 + 𝑐(2)3 + 𝑑(2)2 + 𝑒(2) + 𝑓 = 23

𝑝(2) = 𝑎(32) + 𝑏(16) + 𝑐(8) + 𝑑(4) + 𝑒(2) + 1 = 23

𝑝(2) = 32𝑎 + 16𝑏 + 8𝑐 + 4𝑑 + 2𝑒 + 1 = 23

22
𝑝(2) = 32𝑎 + 16𝑏 + 8𝑐 + 4𝑑 + 2𝑒 = 22 → 2(16𝑎 + 8𝑏 + 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 + 𝑒) = 22 → 16𝑎 + 8𝑏 + 4𝑐 +
2𝑑 + 𝑒 =
2
𝑝(2) = 16𝑎 + 8𝑏 + 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 + 𝑒 = 11

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (−2, −61) → 𝑝(−2) = 𝑎(−2)5 + 𝑏(−2)4 + 𝑐(−2)3 + 𝑑(−2)2 + 𝑒(−2) + 𝑓 = −61

𝑝(−2) = 𝑎(−32) + 𝑏(16) + 𝑐(−8) + 𝑑(4) + 𝑒(−2) + 1 = −61

𝑝(−2) = −32𝑎 + 16𝑏 − 8𝑐 + 4𝑑 − 2𝑒 = −62 → 2(−16𝑎 + 8𝑏 − 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 − 𝑒) = −62

𝑝(−2) = −16𝑎 + 8𝑏 − 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 − 𝑒 = −31

𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 (−3, −362) → 𝑝(−3) = 𝑎(−3)5 + 𝑏(−3)4 + 𝑐(−3)3 + 𝑑(−3)2 + 𝑒(−3) + 𝑓 = −61

𝑝(−3) = 𝑎(−243) + 𝑏(81) + 𝑐(−27) + 𝑑(9) + 𝑒(−3) + 1 = −362

𝑝(−3) = −243𝑎 + 81𝑏 − 27𝑐 + 9𝑑 − 3𝑒 = −363 → 3(−81𝑎 + 27𝑏 − 9𝑐 + 3𝑑 − 𝑒) = −363

𝑝(−3) = −81𝑎 + 27𝑏 − 9𝑐 + 3𝑑 − 𝑒 = −121

𝑂𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐴𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐸𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎
𝑅𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎

𝑎+ 𝑏+ 𝑐+ 𝑑+𝑒= 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
0 0 0 1

−𝑎 + 𝑏− 𝑐+ 𝑑−𝑒= −5 −1 1 −1 1 −1 −5 0 1 0
0 0 −1

16𝑎 + 8𝑏 + 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 + 𝑒 = 11 16 8 4 2 1 11 0
0 1 0 0 1

−16𝑎 + 8𝑏 − 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 − 𝑒 = −31 − 16 8 − 4 2 − 1 − 31 0 0 0 1 0
−1

−81𝑎 + 27𝑏 − 9𝑐 + 3𝑑 − 𝑒 = −121 − 81 27 − 9 3 − 1 − 121 0

0 0 0 1 1

𝐿𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑛: 𝑎 = 1, 𝑏 = −1, 𝑐 = 1, 𝑑 = −1, 𝑒 = 1 𝑦 𝑓 = 1.

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜: 𝑝(𝑥) = (1)𝑥5 + (−1)𝑥4 + (1)𝑥3 + (−1)𝑥2 + (1)𝑥 + 1 → 𝑥5 − 𝑥4 + 𝑥3 − 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1

𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑥𝑖ó𝑛 𝑏:

𝑆𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑠:

𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐴𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐸𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎

1 1 5
𝑎+ 𝑏+ 𝑐+ 𝑑+𝑒 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 −
= − 2 4 4
−𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑐 + 𝑑 − 𝑒 −5 −1 1 −1 1 −1−5 0 1 0 1 0 −
= 2
1 5 7
16𝑎 8𝑏 + 4𝑐 + 2𝑑 11 16 8 4 2 1 11 0 0 1
+ +𝑒= 2 4 4

1 1 5 𝑆𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑏𝑒 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑎 ℎ𝑎𝑦 𝑑𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑦𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒, 𝑙𝑎

𝑎(1) (𝑑) (𝑒) =
− 4 4 𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑
− 2
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 (𝑛) 𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 (𝑟) 𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑎:
𝑏(1) + 𝑑(1) =
−2 𝑛−𝑟=5−3=2
1 5 7
𝑐(1) + (𝑑) + (𝑒) = 𝐿𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑛𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 𝑛𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑠𝑜𝑛: "d" y "e".
2 4 4

1 1 5
𝑎 𝑑 𝑒+
+ 4 4
= 2
𝑏 = −2 − 𝑑
𝑎, 𝑏 𝑦 𝑐 𝑒𝑛 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ò𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑙𝑖𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑠
1 5 7
𝑐= 𝑑 𝑒+
− − 4 4
2
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑠 5
𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠:
 7
7 5 4 3
= + 𝑥 +1
5
1)→
𝐶𝑜𝑛( ) =𝑒=0→ 𝑎 = , 𝑏 = −2, 𝑐 = 𝑥4 −
𝑝1 𝑑
𝑥 2𝑥 4
4 4 17
7 ( ) 13 5 4 3 2
5
=𝑥 − −𝑥 + + 4𝑥 + 1
2)+𝐶𝑜𝑛
5 →𝑑𝑝= 2 𝑦 𝑒 = 4 → 𝑎 = 1 + 1 + , 𝑏 = −4, 𝑐 = −1 −
2 𝑥 4 4𝑥 4 2𝑥
4 4
5 7
3) 𝐶𝑜𝑛 𝑑 = −2 𝑦 𝑒 = −4 → 𝑎 = −1 − 1 + ,𝑏 3 31
= 0, 𝑐 = 1 + 5 + → 𝑝3(𝑥) = − 𝑥5 +𝑥3 − 2𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 1
4 4 44
4) 𝐶𝑜𝑛 𝑑 = 𝑒 = 5 → 5𝑎 =5 5 5 25 + 7 → 𝑝 (𝑥) =
+ + , 𝑏 = −7, 𝑐 = − − 5𝑥 5
− 7𝑥4 − 7𝑥3 + 5𝑥2 +
2 4 4 2 4 4
4
a. A - tI4 = 1 1 1 1 t 0 0 1- t 1 1
0 1
1 1 1 1
0 t 0 1 1-t 1
1 1 1 1
0 1

1 1 1 1 0 0 t 1 1 1-t

|A – Ti4| = 0

Determinante de A – tI4 = http://matrixcalc.org/es/det.html#determinant-Gauss%28%7B%7B1-t,1,1,1%7D,%7B1,1-

t,1,1%7D,%7B1,1,1-t,1%7D,%7B1,1,1,1-t%7D%7D%29

1- t 1 1
1

1 1-t 1
1

1 1 1-t

b. El sistema en todas las filas da la misma solución (t4 – 4t3), teniendo así dos soluciones, esto lo podemos
observar en la calculadora donde si la damos calcular por filas y columnas las solución será la misma.

t4 – 4t3 = 0
t3 (t – 4) = 0

SOLUCIONES: 0 y 4
 1
𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑂𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑤=
3
𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑀𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑧 1
1
𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑎 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 − 𝑎 = 1 2 1 −1
+ −
3
3
2
𝑥+𝑦−𝑧+ = 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 − 𝑎2 =
2 1 1−1 −1
−
3 3 ∆=
1 −14
−𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 − =𝑎 3
−𝑥+𝑦−𝑧−𝑎 = 3
−1 1 −1 −
1 1
3 3
1
𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 + = 𝑎4 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 2𝑧 − 𝑎4 =
1 1 −1 2−1
−
3 3

𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎 ∆𝑎 −1 1
𝑑𝑒 𝑎 = = =
1

1 2 1− ∆ −14 14
3
1 1
2 𝑎 2 = ( ) 2=
1 1−1 − 14 196
3
∆ 𝑎= 1 1
−1
1 𝑎3 = ( )3 =
−1 1−1 14 2744
3
1 1
1 𝑎 4 = ( ) 4=
1 −1 2 − 14 384116
3