Scribd
Upload
56 views4 pages

Inviscid Flow

Inviscid flow is characterized by the absence of friction, viscosity, thermal conduction, and diffusion, making it useful in aerodynamic theory to predict flow behavior, particularly for wings and finite span bodies. The model is applicable for high Reynolds number flows with minimal turbulence and is described by the Euler equations, while boundary-layer theory becomes inaccurate in separated-flow regions. The velocity potential concept is integral to potential flow theory, allowing for the analysis of irrotational, low-speed flows.

Uploaded by

esamech10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
56 views4 pages

Inviscid Flow

Inviscid flow is characterized by the absence of friction, viscosity, thermal conduction, and diffusion, making it useful in aerodynamic theory to predict flow behavior, particularly for wings and finite span bodies. The model is applicable for high Reynolds number flows with minimal turbulence and is described by the Euler equations, while boundary-layer theory becomes inaccurate in separated-flow regions. The velocity potential concept is integral to potential flow theory, allowing for the analysis of irrotational, low-speed flows.

Uploaded by

esamech10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Inviscid flow

 assumes
- no friction,
- no viscosity,
- no thermal conduction, or
- no diffusion.
 How it's used

 in aerodynamic theory to predict flow behavior.

 It's also used to predict the behavior of wings of finite span.

 Assumptions

 disregards the influence of turbulence.

 It's suitable for high Reynolds number flows with minimal separated regions.

 It's an idealized model that assumes viscous effects are absent.

Examples

 The velocity varies symmetrically with respect to the midsection of a sphere in inviscid flow.

 The front and rear points of a sphere in inviscid flow are called stagnation points, because the fluid velocity is zero
there.

Related concepts

 The Euler equations are used to describe the flow characteristics of inviscid flow.

 The method of characteristics is one of the most widely used methods for solving the equations of motion and
continuity equations for supersonic inviscid fluid flows
A free stream approaches two closely spaced
bodies,

 creating an
- internal flow----- between them
- external flows -----above and
below them.

 1. The FRONTS OF THE BODIES are


- regions of favorable gradient (decreasing pressure along the surface), and
- the boundary layers will be attached and thin:
 2. For the INTERNAL FLOW BETWEEN BODIES,
- the boundary layers will grow and eventually meet, and the inviscid core vanishes.
- Inviscid theory works well --- in a “short duct’’ L/D < 10, such as: (the nozzle of a wind tunnel)
For ’’longer ducts’’-- we must estimate boundary-layer growth and be cautious about using inviscid
theory.
 3. For the EXTERNAL FLOWS ABOVE AND BELOW the bodies (outer flows) in Fig. 8.1,
- inviscid theory should work well, until
a) if Re > 104.
b) the boundary layer separates or stalls.
c) the surface pressure gradient becomes adverse (increasing pressure) and
 4. AFTER THE SEPARATION POINT (separated-flow regions ),
- boundary-layer theory becomes inaccurate,
- the outer flow streamlines are deflected and have a strong interaction with the viscous near wall regions.

***************************************************************************************************
 *inviscid core (irrotational core flow region) –
- is a region of fluid flow where viscous effects are negligible.
** The theoretical analysis of separated-flow regions is an active research area at present.

Φ
Velocity-Potential
Φ = Velocity*Distance
V

Φ X, y, or z
Review of Velocity-Potential (φ) Concepts
 A velocity potential is a scalar potential used in potential flow theory.
 It is used in continuum mechanics, when a continuum occupies a simply-connected region and is irrotational.
 if viscous effects are neglected,
- low-speed flows are irrotational, Δ X V = 0,
- and the velocity potential φ (phi) exists, such that

 ꝺφ/ꝺx=(u)î, ꝺφ/ꝺy=(v)ĵ; ꝺφ/ꝺz=(w)k


 Continuity equation
ꝺ (u ) î ꝺ ( v ) ĵ ꝺ (w ) k
î+ ĵ+ k= 0
ꝺx ꝺy ꝺz
Substitute the velocity potential eqn
ꝺ ( ꝺꝺ φx ) î î + ꝺ( ꝺꝺ φy ) ĵ ĵ + ꝺ( ꝺꝺ φz ) k k= 0
ꝺx ꝺy ꝺz
ꝺ φî ꝺ φ ĵ ꝺ φk
2 2 2
î+ ĵ+ k =0
ꝺx ꝺy ꝺz
2 2 2

i.i=1
ꝺ φ ꝺ φ ꝺ φ
2 2 2
+ 2 + 2 =0
ꝺ x ꝺ y ꝺz
2

The continuity equation (4.73), ∇ .V =0, reduces to Laplace’s equation for


2
∇ .V =∇ . φ=0
ꝺ φ ꝺ φ ꝺ φ
2 2 2
2
∇ . φ= 2 + 2 + 2 =0
ꝺ x ꝺ y ꝺz
and the momentum equation (4.74) reduces to Bernoulli’s equation

Unlike the no-slip condition in viscous flow, here there is no condition on the tangential surface velocity
Vs=ꝺφ/ꝺs
where s is the coordinate along the surface. This velocity is determined as part of the solution to the problem

You might also like