Review

REVIEW

1. It predicts the long-term results of

a statistical experiment that has been
repeated many times.
Mean Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW

2. Is a statistic that measures the

dispersion of the dataset relative to
its mean.
Mean Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW
3. Displays the variability or the
dispersions of the random variables.
It shows the distance of a random
variable from its mean.
Mean Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW

4. Is can be computed by first multiplying

each possible x value by the probability of
observing that value and then adding the
resulting quantities.
Mean Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW

5. This can be obtained by solving,

using this formula: σ� x = ∑ � − � � .
P(x)
Mean Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW

6. This can be solved by just squaring

the variance. Symbolically, σ =�

∑ Mean
�−� � . P(x)
Value or Variance
Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 REVIEW

7. This can be solved by using

this formula: µ = �x . �(x)

Mean Value or Variance

Expected Value
Standard Deviation Discrete Random
Variables

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 Brain
Teaser
 How do you spell candy in
just two letters?
Answer:
C and y

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 How can 5 minus 2
equal to 4?
Answer:
FIVE take away 2
letters F and E
leaves IV which is
four in roman
numerals.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 If the word MOM
becomes WOW when
you turn it upside down,
Answer:
what do you get when
When you spell the
you spell it backwards?
word “it” backwards
it becomes “ti”

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 How many numbers are
there on a dice? Answer:
None. There are
only dots on a dice.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 What happened on the 31st
of June 1945? Answer:
None. There are
only 30 days in
June.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 Answer:
Place an F on _
to form an E

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Normal Probability
Distribution
 OBJECTIV
OBJECTIV
ES
AtES
the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
Illustrates a normal random variable and its
characteristics.

Identifies regions under the normal curve corresponding

to different standard normal values.

Converts a normal random variable to a standard

normal variable and vice versa.

Computes probabilities and percentiles using the

standard normal table

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 DEFINITIO
NNORMAL PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
● It is a probability distribution of the
continuous variable.
● It is the most important curve in statistics.

Why? Many random variables are either

normally distributed or at least
approximately normally distributed.
● Examples: height, weight, and examination

scores

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 NORMAL • The normal distribution is often called
CURVE the bell curve
• It is also known as Gaussian distribution
The area under the normal distribution
curve represents probability and the total
area under the curve sums to one.

is symmetrical on both sides of the mean,

so the right side of the center is a mirror
image of the left side.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 PROPERTIES OF
NORMAL CURVE
● The distribution of Normal Curve is
bell-shaped.
● The curve is symmetrical about its
center.
● The mean, median, and mode coincide
at the center.
● The tale of the curve flattening out
indefinitely along the horizontal axis
but never touch it.
● The curve is asymptotic to the base line.

● The area under the curve is 1.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 FACTORS AFFECTING
NORMAL CURVE
Value of Mean and Value of Standard
●

Deviation
● The change of the value of the mean
shift the graph of the normal curve to
the right or to the left.
● The σ determines the shape of the

graph. (height and width of the curve).

● When σ is high – the normal curve is

short and wide

● When σ is low – the normal curve is

skinnier and taller.

https://www.desmos.com/calculator/ju1jgdua9e
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 EMPIRICAL
RULE
The empirical rule is used often in statistics for forecasting
final outcomes.
The empirical rule is also used as a rough way to test a
distribution's "normality". If too many data points fall
outside the three standard deviation boundaries, this
suggests that the distribution is not normal and may be
skewed or follow some other distribution.

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 EMPIRICAL
RULE
Also known as or also referred to as the 68-95-99.7%
●

Rule. What it tells us is that for a normally distributed

variable, the following are true:

Approximately 68% of the data

lie within 1 standard deviation
of the mean.
�� (� −� <� <� +� )

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 EMPIRICAL
RULE
Also known as or also referred to as the 68-95-99.7%
●

Rule. What it tells us is that for a normally distributed

variable, the following are true:

Approximately 95% of the data

lie within 2 standard
deviations of the mean.
�� (� −� � <� <� +� �
)
�
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 EMPIRICAL
RULE
Also known as or also referred to as the 68-95-99.7%
●

Rule. What it tells us is that for a normally distributed

variable, the following are true:

Approximately 99.7% of the

data lie within 3 standard
deviations of the mean.
�� (� −� � <� <� +� � )

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 VALIDATING
EMPIRICAL RULE
Example 1: what is the frequency and relative frequency of
babies’ weight that is within:

Mean: 6.11 Standard Deviation:

σ = 1.63

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 VALIDATING
EMPIRICAL RULE
Arrange all the data to easily count the number of
data in every group.

26 Approximately 68% of the data

lie within 1 standard
deviation of the mean.
µ= �� (� −� <� <� +
�) 6.11
σ= � � ( 6.11 − 1.63 < � <
6.11 + 1.63) 1.63
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 VALIDATING
EMPIRICAL RULE
Arrange all the data to easily count the number of
data in every group.

Approximately 95% of the data lie

within 2 standard
deviation of the mean.
µ= � � ( � − 2� < � < � + 2
�) 6.11
σ= � � [( 6.11 − 2(1.63) < � <
6.11 + 2(1.63)] 1.63
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 VALIDATING
EMPIRICAL RULE
Arrange all the data to easily count the number of
data in every group.

Approximately 99.7% of the data

lie within 3 standard
deviation of the mean.
µ= � � ( � − 3� < � < � + 3
�) 6.11
σ= � � [( 6.11 − 3(1.63) < � <
6.11 + 3(1.63)] 1.63
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 VALIDATING
EMPIRICAL RULE
You can solve the
data using:
https://goodcalculato
rs.com/empirical-
rule-calculator/

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 EXAMPLE
NO. 2
The scores of the Senior High School students in their Statistics and
Probability quarterly examination are normally distributed with a mean of 35
and a standard deviation of 5.
a. What percent of the scores are between 30 to 40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?
c. What scores fall within 99.7% of the distribution?

Approximately 68% of the data lie within 1 standard deviation

of the mean.
�� (� −� <� <� +� )
� � ( 35 − 5 < � < 35 + 5)
� � ( 30 < � < 40)
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 EXAMPLE
NO. 2
The scores of the Senior High School students in their Statistics and Probability
quarterly examination are normally distributed with a mean of 35 and a
standard deviation of 5.
a. What percent of the scores are between 30 to 40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?
c. What scores fall within 99.7% of the distribution?

Approximately 95% of the data lie within 2 standard deviations

of the mean
�� (� −� � <� <� +� � )
� � ( 35 − � (5) < � < 35 + � (5))
� � ( 25 < � < 45)
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 EXAMPLE
NO. 2
The scores of the Senior High School students in their Statistics and Probability
quarterly examination are normally distributed with a mean of 35 and a standard
deviation of 5.
a. What percent of the scores are between 30 to 40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the distribution?
c. What scores fall within 99.7% of the distribution?
Approximately 99.7% of the data lie within 3 standard
deviations of the mean
�� (� −� � <� <� +� � )
� � ( 35 − � (5) < � < 35 + � (5))
� � ( 20 < � < 50)
NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
 SOLUTI
ON:
The scores of the Senior High School
students in their Statistics and
Probability quarterly examination are
normally distributed with a mean of 35
and a standard deviation of 5.
a. What percent of the scores are
between 30 to 40?
b. What scores fall within 95% of the
distribution?

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

 Use empirical rule to complete the following table. Write
EXAMP on the respective column the range or interval of the
LE 3: scores based on the given parameters.
Mean Standard 68% 95% 99.7%
(� ) Deviation (� �� (� −� <� <� �� (� −� � <� <� �� (� −� � <� <�
�
) +� ) +� � ) +� � )
20-2 = 18 20-2(2) = 16 20-2(3) = 14
20 2 20+2 = 22 20+2(2) = 24 20+2(3) = 26
18 to 22 16 to 24 14 to 26
87-5.5 = 81.5 87-5.5(2) = 76 87-5.5(3) = 70.5
87 5.5 87+5.5 = 92.5 87+5.5(2) = 98 87+5.5(3) = 103.5
81.5 to 92.5 76 to 98 70.5 to 103.5

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION

Activity
 Use empirical rule to complete the following table. Write
ACTIVIT on the respective column the range or interval of the
Y 1: scores based on the given parameters.
Mean Standard 68% 95% 99.7%
(� ) Deviation �� (� −� <� < �� (� −� � <� < �� (� −� � <� <
(� ) � +� ) � +� � ) � +� � )

19 2
30 3.4
51 4.8
72 6.2
93 7.6

NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION