Scribd
Upload
12 views23 pages

RWS Lesson 4

The document outlines the importance of effective paragraph writing, emphasizing the role of topic sentences and supporting details in enhancing clarity and organization in essays. It describes the characteristics of a well-structured paragraph, including unity, adequate development, and coherence, along with various logical orders and signal devices to aid in writing. Additionally, it differentiates between explicit and implied topic sentences and highlights the significance of supporting details in reinforcing the main idea.

Uploaded by

xeahreese
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
12 views23 pages

RWS Lesson 4

The document outlines the importance of effective paragraph writing, emphasizing the role of topic sentences and supporting details in enhancing clarity and organization in essays. It describes the characteristics of a well-structured paragraph, including unity, adequate development, and coherence, along with various logical orders and signal devices to aid in writing. Additionally, it differentiates between explicit and implied topic sentences and highlights the significance of supporting details in reinforcing the main idea.

Uploaded by

xeahreese
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PARAGRAPHS

WITH TOPIC SENTENCES AND


SUPPORTING DETAILS
"For me, a paragraph in a novel is a bit like a
line in a poem. It has its own shape, its own
music, its own integrity."
~PAUL AUSTER
Well-written essays are the result of careful
planning and organization.

Writing good paragraphs will help us stay on


track when we draft and revise.

Good paragraphing improves your readers


understanding of your work.

They function as a blueprint to guide you in


your writing.
PARAGRAPH
A group of sentences that deals with one
particular idea.
Defined by the point that they support,
the controlling idea.
Used as building blocks in organizing
longer pieces of text into prose.
PARAGRAPH
The fundamental rule in writing paragraphs; only
one idea should be discussed per paragraph.

They function in order to introduce; a new idea,


develop an old one, compare and contrast
information, or provide readers with a pause.
IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF A
PARAGRAPH:
THE TOPIC SENTENCE
THE TOPIC SENTENCE
Tells the reader the main idea of your paragraph. It
reveals what you generally plan to propose, argue,
or explain.
Think of the topic sentence as a mini thesis statement
for the paragraph.
The topic sentence can be found anywhere in the
paragraph: in the beginning, at the end, or in the middle.
TYPES OF TOPIC SENTENCE:
Explicit
Clearly states the ideas that will be elaborated on
in the paragraph.
Plainly reveals to the reader what the paragraph
will be about.
TYPES OF TOPIC SENTENCE:
Implied
A topic sentence is implied if there is a clear controlling
idea of what the paragraph is about.
The reader will able to determine the focus of the
paragraph because all of the details like facts and
examples that turn the topic sentence into something
more specific and concrete.
A good topic sentence reveals your attitude toward the
subject.
IDENTIFYING THE PARTS OF A
PARAGRAPH:
SUPPORTING DETAILS
SUPPORTING DETAILS
Good supporting details expound on the main idea
and act as adequate support; they are specific and
stem from the general idea established by the topic
sentence.
How much detail you should include in a paragraph
depends on your purpose and the topic sentence.
These supporting details may range from facts,
examples, or instances.
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE
PARAGRAPH
1.UNITY
The whole paragraph should begin and end with
one focus only. Each of the details should have a
clear and consistent connection to the topic
sentence.
2. ADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT
The topic sentence in the paragraph should be
elaborated on using concrete evidence, different
examples, relevant facts, and specific details.

Helps your readers become; interested in your topic,


understand your message, and convince them of the
validity of your topic sentence.
3. COHERENCE
Coherence are arranged in a logical manner, making
them easily understood by the reader . Coherence is
achieved ideas flow smoothly within and between
paragraphs.

Paragraph can become more coherent through the


use of logical order and signal devices.
LOGICAL ORDER
1.CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER- The details are
arranged in the order in which they happened.
2.SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT- The sentences of a
paragraph are arranged accoding to
geographical location; left to right, up to down.
3.EMPHATIC ORDER- When the information found in
a paragraph is arranged to emphasize certain
points depending on the writer’s purpose.
SIGNAL DEVICES
Words that give readers an idea of how the points in
your paragraph are progressing.

1.Translations
These are words and phrases that connect one idea to
another.
a.) Time
First, immediately, afterward, before, at the same time,
after, earlier, simultaneously, finally, next, in the meantime,
later, eventually, then, meanwhile, now, subsequently, etc.
SIGNAL DEVICES
1.Translations
b.) Sequence
moreover, furthermore, next, also, finally, last,
another, first, second, third, besides, additionally, etc.
c.) Space
above, next to, below, behind, beside, etc.
d.) Illustration
for instance, specifically, for example, namely, in this
case, to illustrate, etc.
SIGNAL DEVICES
1.Translations
e.) Comparison
similarly, also, in the same way, stil, likewise, in
comparison, too, etc.
f.) Contrast
but, despite, however, even though, yet, on the other
hand, although, on the contrary, otherwise,
conversely, etc.
SIGNAL DEVICES
1.Translations
g.) Cause and Effect
because, as a result, consequently, then, so, since, etc.

h.) Conclusion
thus, therefore, in conclusion, in short, etc.
SIGNAL DEVICES
2. Repetitions
Repetitions of main ideas keep continuity and
highlight important ideas
3. Synonyms
these are words similar in meaning to
important words or phrases that prevent
tedious repetitions
SIGNAL DEVICES
4. Pronouns
Words that connect readers to the original
word that the pronouns replace.
5. Parallelism
Using similar sentence structures

You might also like