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DATABASE Lesson 1

This document introduces the concept of databases, distinguishing between data and information, and explaining various types of data including numeric, alphabetic, alphanumeric, image, audio, and video data. It emphasizes that data is raw and unprocessed, while information is the meaningful output derived from processing data. Additionally, it discusses metadata, which describes the properties and characteristics of data.

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2023-105621
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6 views22 pages

DATABASE Lesson 1

This document introduces the concept of databases, distinguishing between data and information, and explaining various types of data including numeric, alphabetic, alphanumeric, image, audio, and video data. It emphasizes that data is raw and unprocessed, while information is the meaningful output derived from processing data. Additionally, it discusses metadata, which describes the properties and characteristics of data.

Uploaded by

2023-105621
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson 1

INTRODUCTION
TO
DATABASES

Source: A Fundamental Study of Database


Management Systems (3rd Edition)
Learning Objectives
Express the dissimilarity between data and
information.
Discuss what a database is, including common
database terminologies.
Describe the first computer-based method in
handling files- File Processing System and its
disadvantage
DATA
A collection of raw facts and
figures is called data. The word raw
means that the facts have not yet
been processed to get their exact
meaning. Data is collected from
different sources. It is collected for
different purposes. Data may consist
of numbers, characters, symbols or
pictures, etc.
Examples of Data

When students get admission in


colleges or universities, they have to
fill out an online pre-registration Registration of National Health Declaration Form
form for admission. The raw facts are Identification Card
student’s name, course, nationality,
address etc. 3
Types of Data
NUMERIC DATA

ALPHABETIC DATA

ALPHANUMERIC DATA

IMAGE DATA

AUDIO DATA

VIDEO DATA
NUMERIC DATA

Data that is in the form of numbers, and not in


any language or descriptive form. Often referred
to as quantitative data, numerical data is
collected in number form and stands different
from any form of number data types due to its
ability to be statistically and arithmetically
calculated.
ALPHABETIC DATA

It consists of capital letters from A to Z, small letters from a


to z and blank space. Alphabetic data is also called non
numeric data.
ALPHANUMERIC DATA

Alphanumeric is a description of data that is


both letters and numbers. For example,
"1a2b3c" is a short string of alphanumeric
characters.
IMAGE DATA

A photographic or trace objects that


represent the underlying pixel data of an
area of an image element, which is created,
collected and stored using image
constructor devices.
IMAGE FILE FORMATS
AUDIO DATA

Any digital information with speech or


music stored on and played through a
computer.
INFORMATION
The processed data is called
information. Information is an
organized and processed form of
data. It is more meaningful than data
and is used for making decisions.
Data is used as input for the
processing and information is the
output of this processing.
Examples of Information

In colleges and universities, the


raw facts about students are
stored in a database system. If we
want to find out the list of all HRDM
students, we will process this data
through the institution’s portal.
Examples of Information
The data stored in the census is used
to generate different types of
information. For example, the
government can use it to find the
country's total number of graduates or
literacy rate. This information can be
obtained by processing stored data.
Government can use this information
to take important decisions to improve
the literacy rate.
Data vs Information
Data vs Information
DATA INFORMATION
Consist of unprocessed data The processed form of data

Data is used as input in the computer The output of computer

Not meaningful Meaningful

The asset of organizations and is not Normally available to people


available to people for sale
Data vs Information
DATA INFORMATION
Normally huge in volume Short in volume

An independent entity Depends on data

Not used in decision-making Important for decision-making


METADATA
METADATA
Metadata can be defined as
data about data. It is used to
describe the properties and
characteristics of some other
data. Metadata describes the
size, format and other
characteristics of data.
Image Metadata

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