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HTML Class 2

The document explains various HTML tags, including the <!DOCTYPE> declaration, heading tags, paragraph tags, line breaks, centering content, horizontal lines, preserving formatting, and nonbreaking spaces. Each tag is illustrated with examples demonstrating its usage in HTML documents. The document serves as a guide for understanding the structure and formatting options available in HTML.

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kiruthiba
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11 views

HTML Class 2

The document explains various HTML tags, including the <!DOCTYPE> declaration, heading tags, paragraph tags, line breaks, centering content, horizontal lines, preserving formatting, and nonbreaking spaces. Each tag is illustrated with examples demonstrating its usage in HTML documents. The document serves as a guide for understanding the structure and formatting options available in HTML.

Uploaded by

kiruthiba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tags Explanation in HTML:

The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration tag is used by the web browser to understand the version of the HTML
used in the document. Current version of HTML is 5 and it makes use of the following declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>

Heading Tags

HTML also has six levels of headings, which use the elements <h1>, <h2>, <h3>, <h4>, <h5>, and
<h6>. While displaying any heading, browser adds one line before and one line after that heading.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Heading Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
</body>
</html>
Paragraph Tag

The <p> tag offers a way to structure your text into different paragraphs. Each paragraph of text
should go in between an opening <p> and a closing </p> tag as shown below in the example:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Paragraph Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Here is a first paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Here is a second paragraph of text.</p>
<p>Here is a third paragraph of text.</p>
</body>
</html>

This will produce the following result:

Here is a first paragraph of text.


Here is a second paragraph of text.
Here is a third paragraph of text

Line Break Tag

Whenever you use the <br /> element, anything following it starts from the next line. This tag is an
example of an empty element, where you do not need opening and closing tags, as there is nothing
to go in between them.
The <br /> tag has a space between the characters br and the forward slash. If you omit this space,
older browsers will have trouble rendering the line break, while if you miss the forward slash character
and just use <br> it is not valid in XHTML

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Line Break Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello<br />
You delivered your assignment on time.<br />
Thanks<br />
Mahnaz</p>
</body>
</html>
This will produce the following result:
Hello
You delivered your assignment on time.
Thanks
Mahnaz

Centering Content

You can use <center> tag to put any content in the center of the page or any table cell

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Centring Content Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This text is not in the center.</p>
<center>
<p>This text is in the center.</p>
</center>
</body>
</html>

This will produce the following result:

This text is not in the center.

This text is in the center.

Horizontal Lines

Horizontal lines are used to visually break-up sections of a document. The <hr> tag creates a line
from the current position in the document to the right margin and breaks the line accordingly.
For example, you may want to give a line between two paragraphs as in the given example below:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Horizontal Line Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>This is paragraph one and should be on top</p>
<hr />
<p>This is paragraph two and should be at bottom</p>
</body>
</html>

Again <hr /> tag is an example of the empty element, where you do not need opening and closing
tags, as there is nothing to go in between them.
Preserve Formatting

Sometimes, you want your text to follow the exact format of how it is written in the HTML document. In
these cases, you can use the preformatted tag <pre>.
Any text between the opening <pre> tag and the closing </pre> tag will preserve the formatting of the
source document

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Preserve Formatting Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<pre>
function testFunction( strText ){
alert (strText)
}
</pre>
</body>
</html>

Nonbreaking Spaces

Suppose you want to use the phrase "12 Angry Men." Here, you would not want a browser to split the
"12, Angry" and "Men" across two lines:

An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."


In cases, where you do not want the client browser to break text, you should use a nonbreaking space
entity &nbsp; instead of a normal space. For example, when coding the "12 Angry Men" in a
paragraph, you should use something similar to the following code:

Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Nonbreaking Spaces Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>An example of this technique appears in the movie "12&nbsp;Angry&nbsp;Men."</p>
</body>
</html>

Op:

An example of this technique appears in the movie "12 Angry Men."

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