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TD Modélisation de Problèmes de Data Science

The document contains exercises related to vector calculations, including computing distances and angles between vectors using different inner products. It also involves determining orthogonal projections and distances in various vector spaces, specifically R5 and R3. Additionally, it includes a task to apply the Gram-Schmidt method to convert a basis into an orthonormal basis.

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12 views1 page

TD Modélisation de Problèmes de Data Science

The document contains exercises related to vector calculations, including computing distances and angles between vectors using different inner products. It also involves determining orthogonal projections and distances in various vector spaces, specifically R5 and R3. Additionally, it includes a task to apply the Gram-Schmidt method to convert a basis into an orthonormal basis.

Uploaded by

komossisosso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exercises

1 Compute the distance between


   
1 −1
x = 2 , y = −1
3 0

using
a. hx, yi := x> y
 
2 1 0
>
b. hx, yi := x Ay , A := 1 3 −1
0 −1 2
2 Compute the angle between
   
1 −1
x= , y=
2 −1

using
a. hx, yi := x> y
 
2 1
b. hx, yi := x> By , B :=
1 3
3 Consider the Euclidean vector space R5 with the dot product. A subspace
U ⊆ R5 and x ∈ R5 are given by
         
0 1 −3 −1 −1
−1 −3  4  −3 −9
         
 2 ,
U = span[ −1
  1 ,  1  ,  5 ] , x= 
     
0 −1 2 0 4
2 2 1 7 1

a. Determine the orthogonal projection πU (x) of x onto U


b. Determine the distance d(x, U )
4 Consider R3 with the inner product
 
2 1 0
hx, yi := x> 1 2 −1 y .
0 −1 2

Furthermore, we define e1 , e2 , e3 as the standard/canonical basis in R3 .

a. Determine the orthogonal projection πU (e2 ) of e2 onto


U = span[e1 , e3 ] .

Hint: Orthogonality is defined through the inner product.


b. Compute the distance d(e2 , U ).
c. Draw the scenario: standard basis vectors and πU (e2 )

5 Using the Gram-Schmidt method, turn the basis B = (b1, b2) of a two-
dimensional subspace U ⊆ R3 into an ONB C = (c1, c2) of U , where
   
1 −1
b1 := 1 , b2 :=  2  .
1 0

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