A

Project Report

On

“CAR PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the
Award of Degree of

Bachelor of Science

(in Information Technology)

Session 2024-2025

Supervised by: Submitted by:

Dr. Subhash Jaglan Jaspal
Assistant Professor. B.Sc. (Hons.) IT-3rd
Comp. Sci. Dept. Roll. No220014130
 Department of Computer Science
Pt. C.L.S. Government College, Karnal Haryana (INDIA)

Declaration

I, Jaspal, a student of Bachelor of Science (Information Technology), in the

Department of Computer Science, Pt. CLS Government P.G. College,
Karnal, under College Roll no. 1220751088016 and University Roll no.
220014130, for session 2021-2024, hereby declare that project report
entitled “CAR PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” has been
completed by me after the theory examination of 5th semester.

The matter embodied in this project report has not been submitted earlier for
award of any degree or diploma to the best of my knowledge and belief.

Jaspal
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Pt. C.L.S. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, Karnal HARYANA

(INDIA)

Certificate

It is to certify that Mr. Jaspal, a student of Bachelor of Science (Information

Technology), under College Roll no. 1220751088016 and University Roll no.
220014130, for the session 2021-2024, has completed the dissertation entitled
“CAR PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” under my supervision. He has
attended the lab of Department of Computer Science, Pt. CLS Government P.G.
College, Karnal for required number of days after theory examination of 5th
semester.

● I wish all the success in his all endeavours.

Mr. Subhash Jaglan

Assistant Professor,

Dept. Of Computer Science,

Pt. CLS Government P.G. College,

Karnal
 Pt. C.L.S. GOVERNMENT COLLEGE, KARNAL HARYANA (INDIA)

Certificate

It is to certify that Mr. Jaspal, student of Bachelor of Science (Information

Technology), under College Roll no. 1220751088016and University Roll no.
220014130 for the session 2022-2025. He has undertaken the project report
entitled “CAR PARKING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” under the supervision
of Dr. Subhash Jaglan Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Pt.
C.L.S. Government College (Karnal).
I wish all the success in his all endeavours.

Head of Department Principal

Dept. of Comp. Science, Pt. C.L.S. Government
Pt. C.L.S. Government College, College, Karnal
Karnal
 Department of Computer Science
Pt. C.L.S. Government College, Karnal
2025

Content

 Certificate

 Acknowledgement
 Introduction of Topic
 Objective of Project
 Definition of Project
 Flowchart
 Source Code
 Output
 Advantages of Proposed System
 Disadvantage of Proposed System
 Further Scope of Project
 Bibliography
 Acknowledgement

No matter how much enterprising and entrepreneurial one’s thinking is, yet
nobody can do everything all by himself without some help and guidance. It is a
nice feeling to express the sense of gratitude to someone who really inculcates the
spirit in you to achieve the designed goal. I wish to express my deep sense of
indebtedness and sincerest gratitude to my guide, Dr. Subhash Jaglan Assistant
professor, Department of Computer Science, Pt. CLS Government College,
Karnal for his invaluable guidance and appreciation throughout this dissertation.
He has encouraged me at every step of progress. I deem it my privilege to have
carried out my dissertation work under his valuable guidance.

I express my sincere thanks to Dr. Subhash Jaglan, Head of Department,

Department of Computer Science, Pt. CLS Government College, Karnal for
providing me computer and library facilities in the department and a healthy
environment for working.

As a final personal note, I am grateful to my parents, who are inspirational to me

in their understanding, patience and constant encouragement.

Last but not the least I would like to acknowledge the Almighty god for his
blessing on me to complete this task.

Jaspal
 Introduction of car parking management system
Creating a Car Parking Management System in C++ involves managing parking spaces, tracking cars,
and performing actions such as parking and un-parking cars, as well as checking the availability of parking
spaces.

Here’s an example of how you could structure a simple car parking management system in C++:

Key Features:

1. Parking Slots: Defined fixed number of parking slots.

2. Car Details: Car registration number, parking time, etc.
3. Operations: Park a car, un-park a car, check availability, view parked cars.

Example Code:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

class Car {
public:
string registrationNumber;
string ownerName;
string parkingTime;

Car(string regNum, string name, string time) {

registrationNumber = regNum;
ownerName = name;
parkingTime = time;
}
};

class ParkingLot {
private:
vector<Car*> parkingSlots;
int totalSlots;

public:
ParkingLot(int slots) {
totalSlots = slots;
parkingSlots.resize(slots, nullptr); // Initially, all slots are empty.
}

// Function to park a car

void parkCar(string regNum, string ownerName, string time) {
for (int i = 0; i < totalSlots; i++) {
if (parkingSlots[i] == nullptr) {
parkingSlots[i] = new Car(regNum, ownerName, time);
cout << "Car parked in slot " << i + 1 << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "Parking lot is full!" << endl;
}

// Function to un-park a car

void unParkCar(int slot) {
if (slot >= 1 && slot <= totalSlots && parkingSlots[slot - 1] != nullptr) {
 delete parkingSlots[slot - 1];
parkingSlots[slot - 1] = nullptr;
cout << "Car un-parked from slot " << slot << endl;
} else {
cout << "Invalid slot number or the slot is already empty!" << endl;
}
}

// Function to check availability of parking slots

void checkAvailability() {
int availableSlots = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < totalSlots; i++) {
if (parkingSlots[i] == nullptr) {
availableSlots++;
}
}
cout << "There are " << availableSlots << " available parking slots." << endl;
}

// Function to view all parked cars

void viewParkedCars() {
bool found = false;
for (int i = 0; i < totalSlots; i++) {
if (parkingSlots[i] != nullptr) {
cout << "Slot " << i + 1 << ": "
<< "Car Registration Number: " << parkingSlots[i]->registrationNumber
<< ", Owner Name: " << parkingSlots[i]->ownerName
<< ", Parking Time: " << parkingSlots[i]->parkingTime << endl;
found = true;
}
}
if (!found) {
cout << "No cars are parked." << endl;
}
}
};

int main() {
ParkingLot lot(5); // Initialize parking lot with 5 slots

int choice;
while (true) {
cout << "\nCar Parking Management System\n";
cout << "1. Park a car\n";
cout << "2. Un-park a car\n";
cout << "3. Check parking availability\n";
cout << "4. View parked cars\n";
cout << "5. Exit\n";
cout << "Enter your choice: ";
cin >> choice;

if (choice == 1) {
string regNum, ownerName, time;
cout << "Enter Car Registration Number: ";
cin >> regNum;
cout << "Enter Owner's Name: ";
cin >> ownerName;
cout << "Enter Parking Time: ";
cin >> time;
lot.parkCar(regNum, ownerName, time);
}
else if (choice == 2) {
int slot;
cout << "Enter slot number to un-park: ";
 cin >> slot;
lot.unParkCar(slot);
}
else if (choice == 3) {
lot.checkAvailability();
}
else if (choice == 4) {
lot.viewParkedCars();
}
else if (choice == 5) {
cout << "Exiting the system." << endl;
break;
}

cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again." << endl;

}
}

return 0;
}

How the Code Works:

1. Car Class:
o Stores car details like registration number, owner's name, and parking time.
2. ParkingLot Class:
o Manages the parking slots (using a vector of pointers to Car objects).
o Provides functionality to park a car, un-park a car, check slot availability, and view parked
cars.
3. Main Menu:
o Allows users to interact with the system: park a car, un-park, check availability, or view
parked cars.

Operations:

1. Park a Car: When a car is parked, it occupies an empty parking slot (if available).
2. Un-park a Car: The user can un-park the car by providing the slot number, and the slot will be
marked empty.
3. Check Availability: Shows how many parking slots are free.
4. View Parked Cars: Displays the list of cars currently parked in the parking lot.

Enhancements:

 Car Fee Management: You could add a feature to calculate parking fees based on the parking
time.
 Parking Time Validation: Add more complex time management (using std::chrono library) for
calculating parking duration.
 Multiple Parking Lots: You could extend the program to support multiple parking lots.

This system is simple and designed for educational purposes, demonstrating the basic concepts of object-
oriented programming in C++.
Objectives

The objectives of an AR (Augmented Reality) Car Parking Management System are centered around
enhancing the parking experience for users, optimizing parking space usage, and integrating advanced
technologies to make parking operations more efficient. Below are the key objectives of an AR Parking
Management System:

1. Enhanced User Experience

 Real-Time Parking Spot Visualization: Use Augmented Reality (AR) to guide users to available
parking spaces by overlaying virtual arrows and directions on their phone screen, helping them
navigate efficiently to an open spot.
 Interactive Guidance: Provide real-time, step-by-step visual instructions for users to find a
parking spot, making the parking process easier and less stressful.
 Dynamic Parking Spot Information: Allow users to see detailed information about parking spots,
such as availability, price, and spot size (e.g., for electric vehicles or oversized vehicles), directly
through AR interfaces.

2. Efficient Space Utilization

 Optimal Parking Spot Allocation: The system can suggest the best available spots based on user
preferences (e.g., proximity to entry/exit) and space availability, helping optimize the use of
available parking.
 Reduced Parking Time: By guiding users quickly and accurately to available spaces, the system
reduces the time spent searching for a spot, improving the overall efficiency of the parking process.

3. Real-Time Parking Data

 Real-Time Availability Updates: Provide users with up-to-date information on the status of
parking spaces (occupied or vacant), helping them make informed decisions.
 Parking Space Monitoring: Collect data from sensors or cameras placed in parking spots to
provide accurate and real-time occupancy information.

4. Integration with Navigation Systems

 Seamless Integration with Maps: AR Parking Management Systems can integrate with
navigation tools like Google Maps or Apple Maps to help users find their way to the parking lot
and navigate to available spaces inside the lot.
 Indoor Navigation: Enable indoor navigation using AR for multi-story parking garages or
complex parking structures, making it easier for users to find available spaces across different
levels.

5. Reduced Traffic Congestion

 Efficient Traffic Flow: By guiding drivers directly to vacant parking spaces, AR can help reduce
the number of cars circling around looking for an available spot, thus alleviating congestion both
inside and outside the parking facility.
 Improved Parking Lot Efficiency: The system can ensure that vehicles are parked in the most
efficient manner, minimizing wasted space and optimizing the overall flow of vehicles.
6. Cost Efficiency and Revenue Generation

 Dynamic Pricing Integration: AR systems can display dynamic pricing based on demand, time of
day, or special promotions, allowing parking facilities to generate more revenue while giving users
the option to choose according to their budget.
 Booking and Prepayment Features: Allow users to reserve and pay for parking in advance using
the AR system, providing a more predictable and convenient payment experience while ensuring
better space utilization.

7. Security and Surveillance

 Enhanced Surveillance with AR: Integrate AR with existing surveillance systems to provide a
visual overlay of security features or alert users to any safety concerns, such as the presence of
unauthorized vehicles or accidents within the parking lot.
 Vehicle Tracking: Users can track their parked vehicle through the AR interface, displaying the
exact location of their car within a large parking facility.

8. Sustainability and Green Parking Solutions

 Optimized Parking for Electric Vehicles (EVs): Direct electric vehicle users to charging spots
with real-time availability and map overlays, encouraging the use of clean energy vehicles and
promoting sustainability.
 Reducing Carbon Footprint: By minimizing the time spent searching for parking, AR systems
help reduce fuel consumption and emissions associated with idling cars in search of a space.

9. User Engagement and Personalization

 Customizable User Experience: Allow users to personalize their parking preferences, such as
preferred locations, budget limits, or required amenities (e.g., charging stations), which can be
integrated into the AR system for a tailored experience.
 Feedback and Rating System: Provide users with the option to rate their parking experience,
enabling the system to improve and ensure a higher quality of service.

10. Support for Smart City Integration

 Smart Parking Infrastructure: An AR-based parking system can integrate with smart city
technologies, contributing to the broader goals of smart urban mobility by connecting parking
spaces, transportation networks, and real-time data analytics.
 Data Collection and Analysis: Collect user data and parking patterns, which can be used to
further optimize urban parking solutions, plan future parking facilities, and create more sustainable
cities.

Conclusion

The primary objectives of an AR Car Parking Management System are to improve the efficiency,
convenience, and user experience of parking in urban environments. By leveraging Augmented Reality to
provide real-time guidance, dynamic parking space allocation, and seamless navigation, the system
enhances overall parking operations while reducing congestion, saving time, and optimizing space usage.
The integration of these advanced technologies offers significant benefits for both users and parking
facility operators, contributing to smarter, more sustainable cit
Scope of project

The scope of a Car Parking Management System (CPMS) is broad and continues to expand as
urbanization increases, technology advances, and transportation needs evolve. Here are several key areas
where the scope of CPMS is expected to grow in the future:

1. Urban Mobility and Smart Cities

 Integration with Smart City Infrastructure: As cities become "smarter," parking management
systems will be a crucial part of integrated urban mobility solutions. CPMS will communicate with
other city systems, such as traffic management, public transportation, and emergency services, to
provide real-time data and improve overall traffic flow and public transport efficiency.
 Optimized Urban Planning: CPMS will help urban planners optimize parking spaces based on
real-time data, allowing for better planning of new parking infrastructures and contributing to
smarter urban growth.

2. Technological Advancements

 AI and Machine Learning: Future CPMS will leverage AI and machine learning algorithms to
predict parking demand, optimize space allocation, and improve the user experience by learning
driver behaviors and preferences.
 IoT (Internet of Things): The scope of IoT integration in CPMS is vast. With connected sensors,
cameras, and devices, these systems can provide real-time updates on parking availability, vehicle
tracking, and parking spot reservations.
 Blockchain Integration: Blockchain technology could play a role in improving the security and
transparency of parking payments, reducing fraud, and ensuring reliable transactions between users
and parking operators.

3. Electric Vehicle (EV) Parking and Charging

 EV Charging Integration: With the rise of electric vehicles, CPMS will expand to include
charging infrastructure. The future will likely see integrated parking spaces with EV charging
stations, providing real-time availability and the ability to book both a parking spot and charging
time.
 Smart Charging Management: CPMS will also evolve to manage charging demand, integrating
energy-saving algorithms to ensure efficient use of electricity, prevent grid overload, and offer
optimal pricing based on energy consumption patterns.

4. Autonomous Vehicles (AVs)

 Self-Parking Features: As autonomous vehicles become more widespread, parking management

systems will evolve to support self-parking capabilities. AVs will be able to park themselves in
available spots efficiently, reducing human error and increasing space utilization.
 Automated Parking Systems (APS): These systems will allow AVs to be dropped off at a parking
facility, after which they will autonomously find a spot, eliminating the need for humans to park
altogether and enabling more cars to be parked in the same area.
5. Dynamic and Flexible Pricing

 Demand-Based Pricing: CPMS will enable dynamic pricing, adjusting parking rates based on
real-time demand, location, and time of day. This will help optimize space utilization, reduce
congestion, and generate revenue for parking operators.
 Subscription and Membership Models: Parking systems could offer subscription-based services
for regular parkers, offering discounted rates, reserved spots, and VIP features. Similarly, pay-per-
use models could be enhanced by offering personalized parking options.

6. Mobile Integration and Contactless Payments

 Mobile App Integration: As smartphones continue to play a central role in everyday activities,
CPMS will increasingly offer mobile app-based solutions that allow users to find, reserve, and pay
for parking spots. These apps will likely integrate with other services like navigation, payment
wallets, and ride-sharing.
 Contactless and Seamless Payments: Future systems will enable entirely cashless and contactless
parking experiences. Users can use their phones, RFID cards, or facial recognition to access
parking areas and pay for their spots, offering an easier, more secure, and faster process.

7. Sustainability and Green Parking Solutions

 Eco-Friendly Parking Design: CPMS will play a role in promoting green parking solutions. This
includes integrating solar panels into parking facilities, using energy-efficient lighting, and
promoting the use of electric vehicles through designated EV charging spaces.
 Sustainable Resource Management: Parking systems may manage energy consumption
intelligently by coordinating EV charging, optimizing lighting and ventilation, and utilizing
renewable energy sources to reduce the carbon footprint of parking facilities.

8. Car-Sharing and Ride-Hailing Integration

 Shared Parking Solutions: As car-sharing and ride-hailing services become more common,
CPMS will need to accommodate the needs of these services. This could include offering
designated parking spaces for shared vehicles and integrating these services into the parking
system, allowing users to easily find and park shared cars.
 Seamless Integration with Ride-Hailing: CPMS could allow users to find a parking spot
specifically for ride-hailing vehicles, thus streamlining the process for drivers who need a place to
park while waiting for their next passenger.

9. Data Analytics and Insights

 Data-Driven Decision Making: Future CPMS will leverage advanced data analytics to provide
insights into parking behavior, vehicle patterns, and overall usage. This data can help operators
make informed decisions about parking infrastructure, pricing strategies, and maintenance needs.
 Improved Urban Planning: Real-time and historical parking data will allow cities and businesses
to make more informed decisions about where to build new parking facilities or how to optimize
existing ones, improving urban mobility planning.

10. Scalability and Global Integration

 Scalable Solutions for Large Cities and Complex Facilities: CPMS will evolve to handle large-
scale parking operations, such as multi-story parking lots, transportation hubs, and city-wide
 networks, with ease. They will be able to scale up or down depending on the size of the facility or
the number of users.
 International and Multi-City Integration: Future CPMS could be standardized globally,
allowing users to park in different cities with the same app or system, streamlining parking
experiences for travelers and commuters.

Conclusion

The scope of Car Parking Management Systems is vast and will continue to expand as technological
innovation, urbanization, and new transportation trends such as autonomous vehicles and electric vehicles
shape the future of parking. These systems will become more integrated with smart cities, offer dynamic
pricing models, embrace sustainability, and provide enhanced user experiences through mobile and
contactless technologies. As a result, CPMS will play an increasingly critical role in optimizing urban
mobility, reducing congestion, and providing solutions for the growing demand for efficient and
sustainable parking in cities worldwide.
System Requirements

The system requirements for a Car Parking Management System (CPMS) can vary depending on the
scale of the system, the technology used, and the specific features it offers. Below are the general
hardware and software requirements needed to implement an effective CPMS:

1. Hardware Requirements
a) Sensors and Detection Devices

 Parking Sensors: Ultrasonic or infrared sensors placed in parking spaces to detect vehicle
presence and vacancy. These sensors can be embedded in the floor or mounted above the parking
spaces.
 Cameras: Used for monitoring and surveillance, especially for security purposes. Cameras can
also support features like license plate recognition for automated entry/exit management.
 RFID Tags and Readers: RFID technology can be used for automatic vehicle identification,
enabling users to enter or exit the parking lot without manual intervention.
 Gate Entry/Exit Control Systems: Automated gates with ticket dispensers or barcode scanners
for controlling access to parking lots
System Design

The system design of a Car Parking Management System (CPMS) involves structuring the system's
components, interfaces, and interactions to efficiently manage the parking process. Below is an overview
of how a CPMS can be designed, broken into different layers, components, and their interactions:

1. Overview of the System

The Car Parking Management System should manage key tasks such as:

 Parking Space Monitoring: Detect availability, manage spaces, and provide real-time updates.
 User Interaction: Allow users to reserve, pay, and find parking spots easily.
 Administration: Help operators monitor, manage, and analyze parking lots.
 Payment Gateway: Facilitate seamless payments for users.

2. System Architecture
a) Components of the CPMS

The system architecture of CPMS can be designed using a three-tier approach:

1. Frontend (User Interface Layer):

o Mobile Application / Web Application:
 Parking Spot Availability: Display available parking spaces.
 Reservation & Booking: Allow users to book a spot in advance.
 Payment Integration: Facilitate payment via mobile wallets, credit cards, etc.
 User Profile Management: Enable users to store their details for quick access.
 Real-Time Notifications: Push notifications for parking spot status updates.
2. Backend (Logic Layer):
o Server Application (Centralized or Distributed Server):
 Parking Spot Management: Monitor real-time parking availability using sensor
data or cameras.
 User Data Management: Handle user registration, bookings, and preferences.
 Analytics and Reporting: Generate reports on usage, revenue, and system health.
 Payment Processing: Integration with a payment gateway for transactions.
 Security & Access Control: Handle authentication and authorization for users and
admin.
 Parking Space Reservation Management: Automatically allocate parking space
based on availability and user preferences.
3. Hardware (Sensor and Detection Layer):
o Parking Sensors & Cameras: Sensors detect whether a parking spot is occupied. Cameras
for license plate recognition (ANPR) can be used for automatic entry/exit of vehicles.
o Gate Entry/Exit Control: Automated gates control vehicle entry and exit, providing
ticketing, RFID-based access, or ANPR.
o Network Connectivity: Wi-Fi or cellular connectivity between the sensors, gates, and
backend server for real-time data transfer.
3. Database Design

A relational database can be used to store data related to parking management. Below is an example of
the entities and their relationships:

1. Entities:
o User: Stores user details such as name, contact, membership type, and transaction history.
o Parking Lot: Stores details about the parking facility (name, location, total spots, types of
spots).
o Parking Spot: Stores details for individual spots (spot ID, availability, location within the
lot, reserved status).
o Transaction: Stores transaction details for payments (transaction ID, user ID, parking spot
ID, amount, payment status).
o Sensor Data: Stores real-time sensor data on parking availability (spot ID, timestamp,
status).
o Bookings: Stores reservation details for users (user ID, parking spot ID, start time, end
time).
2. Relationships:
o One-to-Many (User to Transaction, Parking Lot to Parking Spot)
o Many-to-Many (User to Bookings, Parking Spot to Transactions)

4. System Workflow
Step 1: User Parking Spot Discovery

1. Mobile/Web App Interface:

o Users open the mobile app or web portal to check parking space availability.
o The app communicates with the backend server to query the available spots, updated in real
time based on data from sensors.

Step 2: Spot Reservation (Optional)

1. Spot Booking:
o If users want to reserve a spot, they can select a space on the map (real-time availability is
shown), select the duration, and book the spot.
o The backend updates the spot status in the database and marks it as "reserved."

Step 3: Entry Management

1. Entry Process:
o On arrival, the user either uses an RFID tag, QR code, or license plate recognition for
gate entry.
o The gate system communicates with the backend, verifies the entry, and logs the vehicle's
arrival time.

Step 4: Payment (Automatic or Manual)

1. Payment Process:
o Once the user parks the vehicle, payment is processed either through a mobile app, ticket
machine, or automated payment kiosk.
o The backend verifies the parking duration and calculates the total cost.
 o The payment is processed via an integrated payment gateway (credit card, digital wallets,
etc.).

Step 5: Exit Management

1. Exit Process:
o When leaving, the user exits through the gate, where the system automatically records the
exit time.
o If the user has already paid, the system opens the gate automatically. If not, they must pay
at a kiosk or through the app before exit.

5. Security Features

To ensure the system's security, the following measures are essential:

 User Authentication: Users should be authenticated using a secure login process via passwords or
biometric verification (e.g., face or fingerprint recognition).
 Data Encryption: All communications between the client, server, and payment gateways should
be encrypted using SSL/TLS protocols.
 Payment Security: Integration with PCI-DSS compliant payment systems ensures secure
transactions.
 Access Control: Admin access to the system should be role-based, allowing different levels of
permission.

6. System Scalability and Performance

To ensure the system can handle large parking facilities or cities, the design should support scalability:

 Load Balancing: Distribute the load across multiple servers to handle high traffic and ensure
availability.
 Cloud Deployment: Hosting the system on a cloud infrastructure (e.g., AWS, Google Cloud,
Microsoft Azure) to scale resources dynamically based on demand.
 Data Replication: Replicate databases across multiple locations for better fault tolerance and
availability.

7. Future Enhancements

The system can evolve to integrate:

 Dynamic Pricing: Adjust parking fees based on demand, location, or time of day.
 EV Charging Station Integration: Parking spots for electric vehicles with integrated charging
stations.
 Autonomous Vehicle Support: Integration with autonomous vehicles, allowing them to park and
find spots automatically.
Conclusion

The system design of a Car Parking Management System should be modular, scalable, and adaptable to
various types of parking facilities. By integrating cutting-edge technologies such as IoT, AI, and cloud
computing, the CPMS can provide a seamless experience for users while helping operators manage
parking spaces efficiently and securely.
Definition of the project

Definition of the Project: Car Parking Management System (CPMS)

The Car Parking Management System (CPMS) is a software-based solution designed to automate and
streamline the management of parking spaces in both private and public parking lots. The primary
objective of this system is to improve the efficiency, accessibility, and user experience of parking facilities
by leveraging modern technology such as sensors, cameras, mobile applications, and payment gateways.

The system aims to:

1. Monitor and manage parking spaces in real time.

2. Provide users with real-time information about available parking spots.
3. Allow users to reserve parking spots in advance to ensure guaranteed space.
4. Automate the entry and exit process using technologies such as RFID, ANPR (Automatic
Number Plate Recognition), or QR codes, reducing the need for human intervention.
5. Enable seamless payments through mobile apps, web portals, or automated kiosks, supporting
multiple payment methods like credit cards, digital wallets, or cashless payments.
6. Offer analytics and reporting tools for parking administrators to monitor usage patterns, track
revenues, and manage the overall efficiency of the parking lot.

The Car Parking Management System plays a critical role in addressing the challenges of urbanization,
increasing traffic congestion, and the growing demand for parking spaces in busy metropolitan areas. By
reducing manual processes and enhancing operational efficiency, the system contributes to smoother
traffic flow, maximized space utilization, and a more convenient experience for both users and parking lot
operators.

In summary, the Car Parking Management System is a smart, automated solution that optimizes parking
operations, reduces human error, ensures better space utilization, and enhances the overall user experience
in modern urban environments.
Flowchart of project

+-----------------------+
| Start |
+-----------------------+
|
v
+-----------------------+
| User logs into the |
| system (mobile/web) |
+-----------------------+
|
v
+-----------------------+
| Check available |
| parking spots |
+-----------------------+
|
v
+-------------------------+
| Is a spot available? |
+-------------------------+
| |
+---------+ +---------+
| |
v v
+------------------------+ +---------------------------+
| Reserve a parking | | Show "No spots available" |
| spot (optional) | | & Suggest alternative |
+------------------------+ | options |
| +---------------------------+
v |
+------------------------+ v
| Payment for the spot | +-----------------------------+
| (via mobile app, kiosk,| | User selects another spot |
| or web) | +-----------------------------+
+------------------------+ |
| v
v +----------------------------+
+-----------------------+ | User books spot or exits |
| Confirm Payment | +----------------------------+
| (Payment Successful) | |
+-----------------------+ v
| +----------------------------+
v | User enters parking lot |
+----------------------------+ | (RFID/QR/ANPR based entry)|
| Check parking space | +----------------------------+
| availability via sensors | |
+----------------------------+ v
| +----------------------------+
v | User parks the vehicle |
+----------------------------+ +----------------------------+
| Parking Spot Assigned | |
+----------------------------+ v
| +----------------------------+
v | Exit Process (payment |
+----------------------------+ | verification & gate exit)|
| Monitor Parking Duration | +----------------------------+
+----------------------------+ |
| +-------+-----------+
v |
+----------------------------+ v
| Calculate Parking Fees | +----------------------------+
| (based on time) | | End |
+----------------------------+ +----------------------------+
|
v
+----------------------------+
| User makes payment |
+----------------------------+
|
v
+----------------------------+
| Exit Parking Facility |
+----------------------------+
Source Code

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Car {
public:
string licensePlate;
string carModel;

Car() : licensePlate(""), carModel("") {}

Car(string license, string model) : licensePlate(license), carModel(model) {}
};

class ParkingLot {
private:
int totalSpots;
int availableSpots;
Car* parkingSpots;

public:
ParkingLot(int size) {
totalSpots = size;
availableSpots = size;
parkingSpots = new Car[size];
}

~ParkingLot() {
delete[] parkingSpots;
}

bool isFull() {
return availableSpots == 0;
}

bool parkCar(string license, string model) {

if (isFull()) {
 cout << "Parking lot is full!" << endl;
return false;
}

for (int i = 0; i < totalSpots; i++) {

if (parkingSpots[i].licensePlate == "") {
parkingSpots[i] = Car(license, model);
availableSpots--;
cout << "Car parked successfully!" << endl;
return true;
}
}

return false;
}

bool removeCar(string license) {

for (int i = 0; i < totalSpots; i++) {
if (parkingSpots[i].licensePlate == license) {
parkingSpots[i] = Car();
availableSpots++;
cout << "Car removed successfully!" << endl;
return true;
}
}
cout << "Car not found!" << endl;
return false;
}

void displayAvailableSpots() {
cout << "Available parking spots: " << availableSpots << "/" << totalSpots
<< endl;
}

void displayOccupiedSpots() {
cout << "Occupied spots: " << totalSpots - availableSpots << "/" <<
totalSpots << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < totalSpots; i++) {
if (parkingSpots[i].licensePlate != "") {
 cout << "Spot " << i + 1 << ": " << parkingSpots[i].licensePlate << "
(" << parkingSpots[i].carModel << ")" << endl;
}
}
}
};

int main() {
int lotSize;
cout << "Enter total number of parking spots: ";
cin >> lotSize;

ParkingLot parking(lotSize);

int choice;
string license, model;

while (true) {
cout << "\nParking Management System Menu:" << endl;
cout << "1. Park a car" << endl;
cout << "2. Remove a car" << endl;
cout << "3. Display available spots" << endl;
cout << "4. Display occupied spots" << endl;
cout << "5. Exit" << endl;
cout << "Enter your choice: ";
cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {
case 1:
cout << "Enter car license plate: ";
cin >> license;
cout << "Enter car model: ";
cin >> model;
parking.parkCar(license, model);
break;

case 2:
cout << "Enter car license plate to remove: ";
cin >> license;
 parking.removeCar(license);
break;

case 3:
parking.displayAvailableSpots();
break;

case 4:
parking.displayOccupiedSpots();
break;

case 5:
cout << "Exiting Parking Management System." << endl;
return 0;

default:
cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again." << endl;
}
}

return 0;
}
Output
Advantages of car parking management system

A Car Parking Management System offers several advantages, making it a valuable solution for managing
parking spaces efficiently. Here are some of the key benefits:

1. Efficient Space Utilization

 Optimal Use of Parking Spaces: The system can track real-time availability of parking spots,
ensuring that every space is used effectively, minimizing the chances of overcrowding or
underutilization.

2. Time Saving

 Quick Parking Spot Identification: Drivers don’t waste time looking for available spaces, as the
system provides real-time information on which spots are free or occupied, reducing the time spent
circling parking lots.

3. Improved Traffic Flow

 Reduced Congestion: By guiding drivers to available spots, the system helps reduce traffic
congestion inside parking areas, improving overall traffic flow and reducing frustration for drivers.

4. Enhanced Security

 Monitoring and Surveillance: Many systems are integrated with cameras and sensors to monitor
the parking lot, improving security by keeping track of vehicles entering and exiting, and
preventing unauthorized access.

5. Revenue Generation

 Automated Payments and Pricing: Parking fees can be automated, reducing the need for
attendants. It can also offer dynamic pricing based on demand, increasing revenue for operators.

6. Better User Experience

 Seamless Parking Process: The system can offer features like pre-booking spots, automatic
billing, and notifications about availability, making the parking experience more convenient for
users.

7. Environmental Benefits

 Reduction in Emissions: Since drivers don’t need to circle looking for parking, the system helps
reduce fuel consumption and carbon emissions, contributing to a greener environment.

8. Data Collection and Analytics

 Improved Decision-Making: The system can collect data about parking usage patterns, which can
be used for analytics and improving future parking infrastructure or pricing strategies.
9. Scalability

 Adaptability to Large Parking Areas: A parking management system can scale easily for larger,
multi-level parking lots or complexes, allowing for efficient management even with an increasing
number of vehicles.

10. Cost Efficiency

 Reduced Operational Costs: Automated systems decrease the need for manual labor, such as
parking attendants, and lower the overall cost of managing parking lots.

11. Integration with Other Systems

 Smart City Integration: The system can be integrated with other smart city technologies, like
traffic management and navigation systems, creating a more cohesive urban mobility solution.

Overall, a Car Parking Management System brings a combination of convenience, security, and efficiency
for both users and operators, making parking smoother and more manageable.
Disadvantages of car parking management system

While a Car Parking Management System offers many advantages, there are also some potential
disadvantages to consider:

1. High Initial Setup Cost

 Expensive Installation: Implementing a parking management system involves costs for hardware
(e.g., sensors, cameras, gates), software, and system integration, which can be quite expensive for
small or medium-sized businesses or municipalities.

2. Maintenance Costs

 Ongoing Maintenance: These systems require regular maintenance to ensure the sensors,
cameras, software, and other components work properly. Over time, these maintenance costs can
add up, especially for complex systems.

3. Technical Failures

 System Downtime: Like any automated system, parking management solutions are vulnerable to
technical issues or failures. For example, sensor malfunctions, software bugs, or server downtime
can disrupt the system, leading to inconvenience for drivers and operators.

4. Privacy Concerns

 Data Collection Risks: Some systems collect personal data, such as vehicle license plates or
payment information. This data, if not properly protected, could lead to privacy concerns or data
breaches, posing a security risk.

5. Complexity of Use

 User Learning Curve: For some users, especially those who are not tech-savvy, navigating a
parking management system (e.g., pre-booking spots or paying through apps) may be difficult or
confusing. This can reduce the overall user satisfaction.

6. Dependence on Technology

 Vulnerability to Cyberattacks: Since these systems often rely on software and the internet, they
are susceptible to cyberattacks or hacking, which could compromise the entire parking operation.

7. Limited Flexibility

 Inability to Adapt Quickly to Changes: In some cases, the system may not be flexible enough to
adapt to sudden changes in parking demand or to handle exceptional situations (e.g., special events,
emergencies), requiring manual intervention.
8. Space for Errors

 Incorrect Spot Allocation: While the system generally helps drivers find available spots, errors in
sensor detection or parking data can lead to the wrong spot being marked as available, causing
frustration or confusion for drivers.

9. User Resistance

 Pushback from Traditional Users: Some drivers may resist adopting the new system, particularly
if they are used to traditional methods of parking or are uncomfortable with technological changes.
This can hinder the widespread acceptance of the system.

10. High Dependence on Connectivity

 Reliance on Internet and Connectivity: A lot of these systems require a stable internet
connection for real-time updates and data exchange. In areas with poor connectivity, the system
might not function properly or at all.

11. Environmental Impact of Technology

 Electronic Waste: The hardware components of a parking management system (e.g., sensors,
cameras) may eventually need to be replaced or disposed of, contributing to electronic waste. The
environmental impact of this technology, if not properly recycled, can be a concern.

12. Exclusion of Non-Tech Users

 Limited Access for Some People: If the system relies on smartphone apps, automated payment
methods, or digital interfaces, individuals without access to technology or those unfamiliar with it
might find it challenging to use the service, leading to exclusion.

While these disadvantages are important to consider, many can be mitigated through careful planning,
regular maintenance, and user training. Still, understanding the challenges of implementing and
maintaining such systems is crucial for successful operation.
Future scope project

The future scope of Car Parking Management Systems (CPMS) is promising, especially with the rapid
advancement of technology and increasing urbanization. Here are some key areas where these systems are
likely to evolve and expand in the coming years:

1. Integration with Smart Cities

 Urban Mobility Networks: As cities become smarter, CPMS will increasingly integrate with
other smart city infrastructure, such as traffic management, public transportation, and utility
systems. This will enable real-time data sharing and more efficient transportation solutions,
improving overall urban mobility.
 AI and IoT Connectivity: The future of parking systems will rely heavily on Artificial
Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). With more sensors and devices connected to the
network, these systems will provide more accurate, real-time data and better predict parking
demands.

2. Autonomous Vehicle Integration

 Self-Parking Capabilities: As autonomous vehicles become more common, parking management

systems will need to accommodate self-parking technologies. Cars may park themselves in the
most efficient spots, reducing human error and optimizing space utilization.
 Automated Parking Systems (APS): Future systems could automate parking entirely, allowing
cars to be dropped off at a parking facility and then autonomously maneuvered into a parking spot.
This would significantly increase the number of cars that can be parked in a given area.

3. Dynamic Pricing Models

 Demand-Based Pricing: Parking management systems will likely implement dynamic pricing,
adjusting fees based on demand, location, and time of day. For instance, during peak hours or in
high-demand areas, prices can increase, and during off-peak times, they can be lower. This can
help regulate parking availability and maximize revenue.
 Subscription and Membership Models: In addition to pay-per-use, future parking systems may
offer subscription-based models, allowing users to book parking spots in advance or pay monthly
for access to specific parking locations.

4. AI-Driven Predictive Analytics

 Predicting Parking Demand: Machine learning algorithms will be able to analyze historical
parking data and predict future parking demand more accurately. This could help users find
available spots ahead of time and allow operators to optimize their parking operations.
 Maintenance and Problem Detection: AI could also predict when sensors, cameras, or other
hardware might malfunction, allowing for proactive maintenance to minimize downtime and
disruptions.
5. Blockchain for Secure Transactions

 Enhanced Payment Systems: Blockchain technology could be integrated into CPMS for secure,
transparent, and decentralized payment systems. This would improve trust, security, and user
experience, especially for remote or contactless transactions.
 Smart Contracts for Parking Spaces: Blockchain could enable smart contracts, automatically
executing parking agreements or payments when certain conditions (like time and space
availability) are met.

6. Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Integration

 Seamless EV Charging and Parking: With the rise of electric vehicles, future parking systems
will integrate EV charging stations. Parking spots could be reserved not only for the car but also
with a nearby charging station, making it easier for drivers to charge their vehicles while parked.
 Smart Charging Management: Future systems could optimize the charging process based on
factors like energy demand, time of day, and the vehicle’s charging needs, helping to prevent grid
overload and ensuring efficient energy usage.

7. Contactless and Cashless Parking

 More Seamless Payment Options: Future CPMS will continue to move towards a fully cashless,
contactless payment model, where drivers can use mobile apps, RFID tags, or facial recognition to
access parking and pay seamlessly without interacting with physical machines or attendants.
 Mobile Integration: Mobile apps will offer more features like spot reservations, real-time
availability updates, automatic payment processing, and personalized user experiences, making the
parking experience more convenient and efficient.

8. Sustainability and Green Parking Solutions

 Eco-Friendly Parking Management: As sustainability becomes a greater concern, future systems

will prioritize eco-friendly practices, such as providing electric vehicle charging stations,
implementing solar-powered parking facilities, and reducing energy consumption through
optimized parking algorithms.
 Urban Green Spaces: Parking lots may also be integrated into green spaces with landscaping,
creating urban environments that serve both practical and aesthetic functions.

9. Integration with Ride-Sharing and Car-Sharing

 Hybrid Parking Solutions: With the rise of ride-sharing and car-sharing services, parking
management systems will evolve to manage vehicles that are being shared rather than privately
owned. Systems may help these services locate the best places to park shared vehicles, facilitating
smoother operations for car-sharing companies.
 Shared Parking Solutions: Shared parking spaces might become a common feature, allowing
people to rent out their parking spaces during off-hours to users in need.

10. Global Standardization and Interoperability

 Cross-City Parking Systems: As urbanization continues to spread across the globe, parking
management systems will need to be standardized and interoperable across different cities,
countries, and parking operators. This will allow users to seamlessly park in any city with the same
interface and payment options.
  Universal Apps and Platforms: Mobile applications could allow users to find, book, and pay for
parking in any location worldwide, streamlining the experience for international travelers.

11. Real-Time Data and User Experience Enhancements

 Personalized User Experience: Future parking systems will offer a more personalized experience,
learning users' preferences (e.g., preferred parking spots, parking locations) and providing tailored
recommendations and services based on their behaviors and patterns.
 Augmented Reality (AR) Integration: AR could be used to help drivers locate parking spots by
providing a virtual overlay on their car’s dashboard, guiding them to open spaces more efficiently
and enhancing the user experience.

12. Micro and Smart Parking Solutions

 Smaller, Flexible Parking Options: As cities face space constraints, future CPMS could focus on
micro-parking solutions, using smaller spaces (e.g., for scooters, bikes, or electric bikes) or
automated parking to maximize available real estate.

Conclusion

The future of Car Parking Management Systems lies in embracing technology and sustainability while
meeting the growing needs of urban areas. Integration with smart city ecosystems, AI, IoT, blockchain,
and electric vehicle infrastructure will continue to transform how we manage and interact with parking.
These systems will not only improve convenience and efficiency for users but also contribute to reducing
congestion, optimizing resources, and supporting green initiatives.
Conclusion of project

In conclusion, a Car Parking Management System offers significant benefits by enhancing the
efficiency, security, and convenience of parking facilities. By automating the process, these systems can
optimize space utilization, reduce traffic congestion, and improve the overall user experience. The
integration of advanced technologies like AI, IoT, and blockchain allows for real-time updates, predictive
analytics, and seamless payment methods, making parking more efficient and user-friendly.

However, the implementation of such systems comes with challenges, including high initial setup costs,
maintenance requirements, and potential technical issues. Privacy concerns, dependence on technology,
and the need for user adaptation are also important factors to consider.

Looking toward the future, the scope for parking management systems is vast. With the rise of smart cities,
autonomous vehicles, and electric cars, these systems are expected to evolve, offering more advanced,
sustainable, and integrated solutions. From dynamic pricing models to contactless payment options, the
potential for improvement and innovation in car parking management is immense, making it a crucial part
of modern urban mobility.

Ultimately, while there are challenges, the future of car parking management systems holds great promise
for creating smarter, more efficient, and environmentally friendly parking solutions that meet the growing
demands of urbanization and technological advancements.
Bibliography

1. www.google.com
2. www.wikipedia.org
3. C++ by balagruswami
4. The c++ complete reference by helbert schildt
5. C by yashwant kanetkar