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22 viewsAssignment on Statistical Mechanics
The document presents an advanced problem set on statistical mechanics, covering topics such as ideal gas mixtures, canonical partition functions, Hamiltonians of oscillators, and entropy calculations for non-interacting particles. It includes derivations and calculations related to thermodynamic potentials, specific heats, and the behavior of systems at thermal equilibrium. Additionally, it addresses concepts like Gibb's Paradox, average energies, and the interpretation of negative temperatures.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
22 viewsAssignment on Statistical Mechanics
The document presents an advanced problem set on statistical mechanics, covering topics such as ideal gas mixtures, canonical partition functions, Hamiltonians of oscillators, and entropy calculations for non-interacting particles. It includes derivations and calculations related to thermodynamic potentials, specific heats, and the behavior of systems at thermal equilibrium. Additionally, it addresses concepts like Gibb's Paradox, average energies, and the interpretation of negative temperatures.
Uploaded by
Abhirup ChakrabortyCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Problem Set on Statistical Mechanics
1. Consider a mixture of ideal gases consisting of N & N, diatomic molecules of type-I and type-2. Show that:
oe PV = NKT;N = Ny +N; &P =P, +P,
\iso show that removal of Gibb's Paradox is valid in this case for equal masses.
2. Show that the canonical partition function of an ultra-relativistic gus following Einstein's energy momentum
relationship with N mono-atomic molecules is:
- 1 ery*
~~ a= 5 [8eY (re) | a
Hence calculate the thermodynamic potentials, Also find the ratio of specific heats:\{
3. Write down the Hamiltonian of an isotropic oscillator. Calculate average energies of both the classical and
quantum mechanical cases within classical limit (non-degenerate cases). lila
+The energy levels of a quantum mechanical one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator may be approximated as:
1 2 9
n= (149) tox (n 44) nas 0? 7
‘The parameter «(<< 1) usually represents the degree of anharmonicity: Show that;up to the first orders in x and
the fourth orders in u(='/, 7), the specific heat of a system of N such oscillators iss
wut ad we
=Ni\(1-S 4. oe
canel(s Bim) &(E+
Find the thermal capacity for a lineaitmono-atomic chain having the potential energy‘of the form:
SO Vee) gt Syd!
6. The upper end of a hanging chain is fixed while the lower end is attached to a mass m. The mass-less links of the
chain are ellipses with mitor and minor.axes { +a & 1 ~ a and can place themselves only either keeping the
major axis or the minor axis vertical. The chain has'N.links and is in thermal equilibrium at temperature T. find
the partition function and hence the average length of the.chain.
7. Consider a system of V (>>,.1) non-interacting particles in which the energy of each particle can assume one of the
‘wo distinct energy eigen-valiies, 0 & E (> 0). The fixed energy of the system is U. Find the entropy of the system
and the temperaturé Of the systéttPas functions of U. Also find the condition of negative temperature and
physically interpret the:gesult, m
‘There are 1000 moleculéstin an ideal gas in a container of | liter volume. Assuming that the particles do not
preferably occupy any region» find.the;probability of finding the particles in a particular region of volume 100 cc.
For what value of n is*this probability maximum?
\9 For a particle density of 10%, per cc, calculate the average de-Broglie wavelength associated with the system.
10. Calculate the number density of particles for a two-dimensional free electron gas.
The quantum states available to'a given physical states are,
(i) A group of g equally likely states with energy €.
‘A group of gz equally likely states with energy €2 (> €;).
"
(ii)
Show that if p, & pa are the ‘Relative Populations per Degeneracy’ (probability of being in a state) of the groups
respectively, then
‘Also show that for.canoniical ensemble, [na $In{t + (92%/p,)e-*} + xn G@=V/>0
x
1+ Oy, Je
(A) Discuss the non-degenerate case,
(B) Derive S from ‘Partition Function’,
(©) Show that at T + 0,5 4 king.
Interpret the result physically.
,
