Mechanical Engineering - Basic MCQs (Continued)

51. Which of the following is a primary cause of wear in mechanical components?

A) Perfect lubrication
B) Absence of load
C) Friction between surfaces in contact
D) Corrosion resistance
Answer: C

52. What is the fundamental principle behind the operation of a hydraulic actuator?
A) Conservation of energy
B) Pascal's law
C) Bernoulli's principle
D) Newton's laws of motion
Answer: B

53. Why are composite materials often used in aircraft construction?

A) They are inexpensive.
B) They offer a high strength-to-weight ratio.
C) They are easy to recycle.
D) They are highly resistant to heat.
Answer: B

54. What is the main function of a safety factor in engineering design?

A) To reduce the cost of materials.
B) To increase the load on the structure.
C) To account for uncertainties and prevent failure.
D) To make the design look more appealing.
Answer: C

55. Which of the following best describes the phenomenon of resonance in a

mechanical system?
A) A state of perfect equilibrium.
B) A condition where the system vibrates with maximum amplitude at a specific
frequency.
C) A damping effect that reduces vibrations.
D) A complete absence of vibration.
Answer: B

56. What is the key advantage of using a four-stroke engine over a two-stroke
engine in automobiles?
A) Higher power-to-weight ratio
B) Lower manufacturing cost
C) Improved fuel efficiency and reduced emissions
D) Simpler design
Answer: C

57. Which of the following is a critical factor in selecting a material for a high-
temperature application?
A) Low density
B) High thermal conductivity
C) Creep resistance
D) High ductility
Answer: C

58. What is the primary function of a heat exchanger?

A) To generate heat.
B) To transfer heat efficiently between two fluids.
C) To convert heat into mechanical work.
 D) To store thermal energy.
Answer: B

59. What distinguishes a gear from a pulley in power transmission systems?

A) Gears rely on friction, while pulleys use interlocking teeth.
B) Gears are used for low-power applications, while pulleys are for high-power.
C) Gears provide a positive drive with a fixed speed ratio, while pulleys rely
on friction.
D) Gears are always more efficient than pulleys.
Answer: C

60. Which welding process is typically used for joining aluminum alloys?
A) Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
B) Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW or MIG) using an inert gas shield
C) Oxyacetylene Welding (OAW)
D) Resistance Welding
Answer: B

61. What is the underlying principle of the Finite Element Method (FEM)?
A) Solving complex problems analytically.
B) Dividing a continuous system into smaller, simpler elements to approximate
the solution.
C) Ignoring material properties for simplification.
D) Only considering static loads for faster computation.
Answer: B

62. What is the most important function of a pressure vessel in industrial

applications?
A) To regulate the pressure of the fluid it contains.
B) To safely contain fluids under pressure, preventing leaks or explosions.
C) To measure the pressure of the fluid with high accuracy.
D) To reduce the pressure of the fluid.
Answer: B

63. In fluid mechanics, what condition leads to cavitation?

A) Excessive fluid velocity
B) A significant drop in fluid pressure below its vapor pressure
C) High fluid temperature
D) Increased fluid viscosity
Answer: B

64. How does damping affect the natural frequency of a vibrating system?
A) It always increases the natural frequency.
B) It always decreases the natural frequency.
C) It has no significant effect on the natural frequency (though it affects
amplitude).
D) It eliminates the natural frequency entirely.
Answer: C

65. What is the main benefit of using a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine in
manufacturing?
A) Lower initial cost compared to manual machines.
B) High precision, repeatability, and ability to produce complex geometries.
C) Reduced maintenance requirements.
D) Decreased energy consumption.
Answer: B

66. What best describes the function of a nozzle in a rocket engine?

A) To mix fuel and oxidizer efficiently.
 B) To accelerate exhaust gases to supersonic speeds, generating thrust.
C) To cool down the engine components.
D) To control the flow rate of fuel into the combustion chamber.
Answer: B

67. What is the key operational difference between a supercharger and a

turbocharger in an internal combustion engine?
A) Superchargers are powered by exhaust gases; turbochargers are engine-driven.
B) Turbochargers are powered by exhaust gases; superchargers are engine-driven.
C) Superchargers increase engine displacement; turbochargers do not.
D) Turbochargers are only used in diesel engines.
Answer: B

68. What is the purpose of a surge tank in a hydroelectric power plant?

A) To store excess water for later use.
B) To regulate the flow of water to the turbine.
C) To absorb pressure fluctuations in the penstock (water hammer).
D) To filter debris from the water.
Answer: C

69. What is the typical purpose of annealing a metal component?

A) To significantly increase its hardness.
B) To reduce internal stresses, improve ductility, and soften the metal.
C) To increase its corrosion resistance.
D) To make the metal more brittle for easier machining.
Answer: B

70. What is the advantage of a closed-loop control system over an open-loop control
system?
A) Lower cost
B) Simpler design and implementation
C) Greater accuracy and ability to compensate for disturbances and variations
D) Faster response time
Answer: C

71. How does the coefficient of thermal expansion affect the design of bridges and
other large structures?
A) It is irrelevant for large structures.
B) It dictates the color of the structure.
C) It must be accounted for to prevent stress buildup due to temperature
variations.
D) It only affects the structure's weight.
Answer: C

72. What is the primary purpose of a heat pipe in electronic cooling applications?
A) To generate cold air.
B) To efficiently transfer heat away from sensitive components.
C) To store heat for later use.
D) To insulate components from heat.
Answer: B

73. What is the working principle behind a thermocouple?

A) The change in electrical resistance with temperature.
B) The Seebeck effect, where a temperature difference generates a voltage.
C) The expansion of a metal with temperature.
D) The emission of light due to temperature.
Answer: B

74. What is the definition of mechanical advantage?

 A) The ratio of input work to output work.
B) The ratio of output force to input force for a machine.
C) A measure of a machine's energy efficiency.
D) The distance moved by the effort force.
Answer: B

75. What does the zeroth law of thermodynamics establish?

A) Conservation of energy.
B) Direction of heat flow.
C) Thermal equilibrium between systems.
D) Impossibility of reaching absolute zero.
Answer: C

76. What is the best description of the term "stress concentration"?

A) Stress evenly distributed across a material.
B) High stresses localized around holes, corners, or other geometric
discontinuities.
C) Reduction of stress by work hardening.
D) Increased strength due to applied stress.
Answer: B

77. Why is Reynolds number important in fluid mechanics?

A) Determines fluid density
B) Indicates whether flow is laminar or turbulent
C) Measures pressure drop in pipes
D) Calculates the speed of sound in a fluid
Answer: B

78. What is the primary benefit of using a heat exchanger in an engineering system?
A) Energy generation
B) Efficient heat transfer between two fluids
C) Thermal energy storage
D) Conversion of heat to work
Answer: B

79. What is the fundamental function of a control system in a mechanical system?

A) Measure parameters
B) Automatically maintain the desired output by adjusting inputs
C) Minimize energy consumption
D) Remove the need for sensors
Answer: B

80. Why is it so important to balance rotating machinery components?

A) Maximize power
B) Minimize vibration and increase component life
C) Reduce machine weight
D) Improve aesthetics
Answer: B

81. How do thermoplastic polymers differ from thermosetting polymers?

A) Thermoplastics are always stronger
B) Thermosets can be repeatedly melted and reshaped
C) Thermoplastics can be repeatedly melted and reshaped
D) Thermoplastics are cheaper
Answer: C

82. What principle is fundamental to hydraulic systems operation?

A) Bernoulli's principle
B) Pascal's principle
 C) Archimedes' principle
D) Superposition principle
Answer: B

83. What role does convection play in heat transfer?

A) Heat transfer through solids
B) Heat transfer through a vacuum
C) Heat transfer via fluid motion
D) Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves
Answer: C

84. What purpose does tempering serve after hardening steel?

A) Increases hardness further
B) Reduces brittleness and improves toughness
C) Boosts corrosion resistance
D) Enhances malleability
Answer: B

85. What primarily characterizes a turbine's function in a power plant?

A) Electricity generation
B) Conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy
C) Compression of fluids
D) System cooling
Answer: B

86. What main advantage does Computer-Aided Design (CAD) provide engineers?
A) Eliminates engineers
B) Allows faster, accurate design and analysis
C) Automatically optimizes designs for cost
D) Guarantees structural integrity
Answer: B

87. What role does a flywheel play in a mechanical setup?

A) Increases speed
B) Stores rotational energy to smooth speed variations
C) Reduces friction
D) Cools components
Answer: B

88. What is the core distinction between gears and pulleys for transmitting power?
A) Gears use friction; pulleys interlock
B) Pulleys are only for low power
C) Gears interlock; pulleys use friction
D) Gears are always more efficient
Answer: C

89. Which welding technique utilizes a non-consumable electrode?

A) Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
B) Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
C) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW)
D) Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
Answer: C

90. What fundamental concept underpins the finite element method (FEM)?
A) Exact analytical solutions
B) Approximating a system with discrete elements
C) Ignoring material properties
D) Only considering static loads
Answer: B
91. What main function does a pressure vessel fulfill?
A) Pressure generation
B) Safe fluid containment under pressure
C) Accurate pressure measurement
D) Pressure reduction
Answer: B

92. What phenomenon does cavitation refer to in fluid dynamics?

A) Water purification
B) Formation of vapor bubbles due to low pressure
C) Boundary layer separation
D) Increased viscosity from heating
Answer: B

93. What principle does the zeroth law of thermodynamics define?

A) Heat flow direction
B) Thermal equilibrium
C) Energy conservation
D) Absolute zero temperature
Answer: B

94. How does damping influence a vibrating system's response?

A) Increases vibration amplitude
B) Decreases amplitude and dissipates energy
C) Increases natural frequency
D) No effect
Answer: B

95. What is the primary goal of incorporating a factor of safety in engineering

designs?
A) Cut costs
B) Reduce weight
C) Account for unknowns and ensure safety
D) Enhance aesthetics
Answer: C

96. Why might you choose a diesel engine over a gasoline engine?
A) Lower initial cost
B) Higher power-to-weight ratio
C) Better fuel efficiency
D) Quieter operation
Answer: C

97. Why is a differential used in automobiles?

A) Engine speed control
B) Allows wheels on an axle to rotate at different speeds during turns
C) Increases power
D) Transmission cooling
Answer: B

98. What is the function of a nozzle in a gas turbine engine?

A) Compress air
B) Increase exhaust gas velocity
C) Cool the engine
D) Mix fuel and air
Answer: B

99. What advantage makes fiber-reinforced composites useful in aerospace?

 A) Low cost
B) High strength-to-weight ratio
C) Easy recycling
D) High heat conduction
Answer: B

100. What are characteristics of turbulent flow?

A) High viscosity
B) Low velocity
C) Chaotic motion
D) Smooth layering
Answer: C

101. What is the purpose of a safety valve on a boiler?

A) Regulate water temperature
B) Prevent overpressure
C) Measure water level
D) Increase efficiency
Answer: B

102. Which heat transfer method works best in a vacuum?

A) Conduction
B) Convection
C) Radiation
D) None, they need a medium
Answer: C

103. What is the benefit of four-stroke engines over two-stroke engines?

A) Higher power-to-size ratio
B) Simpler build
C) Better fuel economy and emissions
D) Cheaper to make
Answer: C

104. What does "degrees of freedom" mean in mechanical systems?

A) Forces acting
B) Independent coordinates needed to define the system
C) System constraints
D) Total energy
Answer: B

105. Why use fluid mechanics in aircraft wing design?

A) Minimize weight
B) Maximize drag
C) Generate lift and control airflow
D) Improve appearance
Answer: C

106. Give an example of a non-destructive testing (NDT) method.

A) Tensile test
B) Hardness test
C) Radiography
D) Creep test
Answer: C

107. What is a pump's primary function?

A) Generate pressure
B) Move fluids
C) Measure flow
 D) Filter fluids
Answer: B

108. Why is lubrication important for moving parts?

A) Increase friction
B) Reduce wear and heat
C) Increase power
D) Make the machine louder
Answer: B

109. Heat pipes use what primary mechanism?

A) Efficient phase change heat transport
B) High heat storage capacity
C) Accurate temperature measurements
D) Generating heat
Answer: A

110. What is the function of a differential?

A) Increase engine power
B) Allow wheel speed differences on the same axle when turning
C) Improve efficiency
D) Reduce weight
Answer: B

111. Why are composite materials good for cars?

A) Lower cost
B) Increased weight
C) Improved efficiency via reduced weight
D) Better rust resistance
Answer: C

112. How can fatigue life be improved in metal parts?

A) Roughen the surface
B) Add compressive stress to the surface
C) Reduce hardness
D) Use corrosive environments
Answer: B

113. What are the differences between gear and centrifugal pumps?
A) Gear pumps are more efficient at high speeds
B) Centrifugal pumps provide constant flow regardless of pressure
C) Gear pumps are positive displacement
D) Centrifugal pumps are self-priming
Answer: C

114. What is a transistor’s main purpose?

A) Store electricity
B) Amplify or switch signals
C) Generate electricity
D) Measure voltage
Answer: B

115. What is the purpose of a spring?

A) Increase friction
B) Store energy and provide restoring force
C) Reduce weight
D) Conduct electricity
Answer: B
116. What is the defining trait of thermosetting polymers?
A) They can be remelted
B) They undergo irreversible change upon heating
C) They dissolve easily in water
D) They are very flexible
Answer: B

117. Why is thermal expansion important in structural design?

A) Affects material color
B) Affects electrical conductivity
C) Causes stress due to temperature changes
D) Determines material density
Answer: C

118. What benefit does CAD offer?

A) Physical testing
B) Electronic design creation and editing
C) Direct part manufacturing
D) Financial management
Answer: B

119. How is mechanical advantage defined?

A) Input work to output work ratio
B) Output force to input force ratio
C) Machine efficiency
D) Input distance
Answer: B

120. How does a closed system contrast with an open thermodynamic system?
A) Closed allows mass transfer
B) Open allows mass transfer
C) Closed allows heat transfer
D) No difference
Answer: B

121. What is the control system’s function in a fridge?

A) Generate cold air
B) Regulate temperature
C) Measure temperature
D) Defrosting
Answer: B

122. What is the goal of normalizing steel?

A) Increase hardness
B) Relieve stresses, improve grain structure
C) Increase brittleness
D) Improve corrosion resistance
Answer: B

123. Which quantity is measured in Pascals (Pa)?

A) Force
B) Pressure
C) Energy
D) Volume
Answer: B

124. What is the term for the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid?
A) Boiling point
B) Freezing point
 C) Melting point
D) Condensation point
Answer: C

125. What is the name of the force that opposes the motion of an object through a
fluid?
A) Lift
B) Thrust
C) Drag
D) Gravity
Answer: C

126. What is the term for the ability of a material to withstand a sudden impact
without fracturing?
A) Strength
B) Hardness
C) Toughness
D) Stiffness
Answer: C

127. Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source?

A) Coal
B) Natural Gas
C) Petroleum
D) Solar
Answer: D

128. What is the name of the thermodynamic process in which no heat is transferred
to or from the system?
A) Isothermal
B) Isobaric
C) Isochoric
D) Adiabatic
Answer: D

129. Which of the following is a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow?

A) Density
B) Viscosity
C) Pressure
D) Temperature
Answer: B

130. What is the name of the principle that states that the buoyant force on an
object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the
object?
A) Bernoulli's Principle
B) Pascal's Principle
C) Archimedes' Principle
D) Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation
Answer: C

131. What is the name of the property of a material that indicates its ability to
deform permanently without fracturing?
A) Elasticity
B) Plasticity
C) Hardness
D) Stiffness
Answer: B
132. Which of the following is a common type of gear used to transmit power between
two parallel shafts?
A) Bevel gear
B) Worm gear
C) Spur gear
D) Helical gear
Answer: C

133. What is the purpose of a turbine in a power plant?

A) To convert chemical energy into heat
B) To convert heat into mechanical energy
C) To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy
D) To convert electrical energy into chemical energy
Answer: B

134. Which of the following is a measure of a material's resistance to indentation?

A) Strength
B) Hardness
C) Toughness
D) Stiffness
Answer: B

135. What is the name of the process of joining two metals by heating them to a
suitable temperature with or without the application of pressure?
A) Casting
B) Machining
C) Welding
D) Forging
Answer: C

136. Which of the following is a type of non-traditional machining process?

A) Milling
B) Turning
C) Grinding
D) Electric Discharge Machining (EDM)
Answer: D

137. What is the purpose of a governor in an engine?

A) To control the speed of the engine
B) To control the temperature of the engine
C) To lubricate the engine parts
D) To cool the engine
Answer: A

138. Which of the following is a type of heat exchanger?

A) Boiler
B) Condenser
C) Radiator
D) All of the above
Answer: D

139. What is the name of the thermodynamic cycle that describes the operation of a
gasoline engine?
A) Carnot cycle
B) Rankine cycle
C) Otto cycle
D) Brayton cycle
Answer: C
140. What is the purpose of a flywheel in an engine?
A) To increase the engine's speed
B) To regulate the engine's temperature
C) To store energy and smooth out the engine's rotation
D) To reduce the engine's weight
Answer: C

141. Which of the following materials is commonly used for making gears due to its
hardness and wear resistance?
A) Aluminum
B) Copper
C) Steel
D) Plastic
Answer: C

142. What is the purpose of a bearing?

A) To increase friction
B) To reduce friction between moving parts
C) To increase the temperature
D) To increase the load on a component
Answer: B

143. What does the term "kinematics" refer to?

A) The study of forces causing motion.
B) The study of motion without considering the forces causing it.
C) The study of material properties.
D) The study of heat transfer.
Answer: B

144. The point at which a material starts to deform permanently is called?

A) Ultimate Tensile Strength
B) Yield Point
C) Fracture Point
D) Elastic Limit
Answer: B

145. What is the main purpose of a heat exchanger?

A) To generate heat
B) To transfer heat between two or more fluids
C) To store heat
D) To convert heat into work
Answer: B

146. What is the working fluid in a refrigerator?

A) Water
B) Air
C) Refrigerant
D) Oil
Answer: C

147. Which type of gear is used to transmit power between two shafts that are
perpendicular to each other?
A) Spur Gear
B) Helical Gear
C) Bevel Gear
D) Worm Gear
Answer: C

148. Which of the following is a thermosetting polymer?

 A) Polyethylene (PE)
B) Polypropylene (PP)
C) Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
D) Epoxy Resin
Answer: D

149. The process of improving the surface hardness of a steel component is known
as:
A) Annealing
B) Tempering
C) Case Hardening
D) Normalizing
Answer: C

150. What is the main function of a connecting rod in an internal combustion

engine?
A) To support the crankshaft
B) To transfer motion from the piston to the crankshaft
C) To cool the engine
D) To lubricate the cylinder walls
Answer: B

151. What is the purpose of a clutch in an automobile?

A) To control the speed of the engine
B) To disconnect the engine from the transmission
C) To increase the engine's power
D) To cool the engine
Answer: B

152. The property of a material that allows it to be drawn into a wire is called?
A) Malleability
B) Ductility
C) Brittleness
D) Hardness
Answer: B

153. What is the main component of brass?

A) Copper and Tin
B) Copper and Zinc
C) Iron and Carbon
D) Aluminum and Silicon
Answer: B

154. What is the function of a carburetor in an internal combustion engine?

A) To cool the engine
B) To lubricate the engine
C) To mix air and fuel in the correct proportion
D) To filter the air entering the engine
Answer: C

155. What does CNC stand for in manufacturing?

A) Computer Numerical Control
B) Central Numerical Control
C) Common Numerical Code
D) Computer Network Communication
Answer: A

156. Which of the following is a type of power plant?

A) Hydroelectric
 B) Nuclear
C) Thermal
D) All of the above
Answer: D

157. What is the function of a nozzle?

A) To increase the pressure of a fluid
B) To decrease the velocity of a fluid
C) To increase the velocity of a fluid
D) To decrease the temperature of a fluid
Answer: C

158. What is the purpose of a boiler?

A) To cool water
B) To heat water and convert it into steam
C) To purify water
D) To pump water
Answer: B

159. What is the purpose of tempering steel?

A) To increase hardness
B) To increase brittleness
C) To reduce brittleness
D) To increase corrosion resistance
Answer: C

160. Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

A) Coal
B) Natural Gas
C) Solar
D) Nuclear
Answer: C

161. What is the main purpose of a suspension system in an automobile?

A) To increase the speed of the vehicle
B) To provide a comfortable ride and improve handling
C) To increase fuel efficiency
D) To cool the engine
Answer: B

162. What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

A) To increase the amount of product formed
B) To decrease the amount of product formed
C) To speed up the reaction without being consumed
D) To slow down the reaction
Answer: C

163. What is the specific heat capacity?

A) The heat required to change the state of a substance.
B) The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1
degree Celsius.
C) The heat required to melt a substance.
D) The heat required to boil a substance.
Answer: B

164. Which of the following is a ferrous metal?

A) Aluminum
B) Copper
C) Iron
 D) Lead
Answer: C

165. The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow is called?

A) Density
B) Viscosity
C) Pressure
D) Temperature
Answer: B

166. What is the critical point on a phase diagram?

A) The point where solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium.
B) The point where liquid and gas phases are indistinguishable.
C) The point where solid and gas phases are in equilibrium.
D) The triple point.
Answer: B

167. What is the purpose of a diffuser in a centrifugal pump?

A) To increase the velocity of the fluid.
B) To decrease the velocity of the fluid and increase the pressure.
C) To prevent cavitation.
D) To cool the pump.
Answer: B

168. What is the difference between a stress and a strain?

A) Stress is the cause and strain is the effect.
B) Strain is the cause and stress is the effect.
C) Stress and strain are the same thing.
D) Stress is the force per unit area, and strain is the deformation per unit
length.
Answer: D

169. What is the purpose of annealing a metal?

A) To increase its hardness.
B) To increase its strength.
C) To reduce its hardness and increase its ductility.
D) To increase its corrosion resistance.
Answer: C

170. Which of the following is a method of non-destructive testing (NDT)?

A) Tensile test
B) Hardness test
C) Radiography
D) Impact test
Answer: C

171. What is the function of a condenser in a steam power plant?

A) To heat the steam.
B) To cool the steam and convert it into water.
C) To increase the pressure of the steam.
D) To purify the steam.
Answer: B

172. What is the unit of angular velocity?

A) m/s
B) m/s²
C) rad/s
D) rad/s²
Answer: C
173. What is the function of a pressure regulator?
A) To increase the pressure of a fluid.
B) To maintain a constant outlet pressure.
C) To measure the pressure of a fluid.
D) To decrease the temperature of a fluid.
Answer: B

174. What is the purpose of a safety valve in a boiler?

A) To regulate the pressure of the steam.
B) To prevent the pressure from exceeding a safe limit.
C) To measure the pressure of the steam.
D) To increase the pressure of the steam.
Answer: B

175. What is the difference between a gear ratio of 2:1 and 1:2?
A) They are the same.
B) 2:1 means the output shaft rotates faster than the input shaft.
C) 1:2 means the output shaft rotates faster than the input shaft.
D) Gear ratio only affects torque, not speed.
Answer: C

176. What is the coefficient of friction?

A) A measure of the smoothness of a surface.
B) The ratio of the normal force to the frictional force.
C) The ratio of the frictional force to the normal force.
D) A measure of the adhesive force between two surfaces.
Answer: C

177. Which of the following is a property of an ideal fluid?

A) Viscosity
B) Compressibility
C) Surface Tension
D) Incompressibility
Answer: D

178. What is Pascal's Law?

A) Pressure is directly proportional to volume.
B) Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all
directions.
C) Energy is conserved in a closed system.
D) Heat flows from hot to cold.
Answer: B

179. What is the function of a thermostat?

A) To measure temperature.
B) To control temperature by regulating heat flow.
C) To convert electrical energy into heat.
D) To prevent overheating.
Answer: B

180. What is the difference between annealing and normalizing?

A) Annealing is faster than normalizing.
B) Normalizing results in a finer grain structure than annealing.
C) Annealing is used for hardening, while normalizing is for softening.
D) There is no difference.
Answer: B

181. Which of the following is a type of casting process?

 A) Forging
B) Extrusion
C) Sand casting
D) Welding
Answer: C

182. What is the purpose of a pattern in sand casting?

A) To create the mold cavity.
B) To strengthen the sand.
C) To control the cooling rate of the metal.
D) To filter the molten metal.
Answer: A

183. What is the function of a riser in sand casting?

A) To allow gases to escape.
B) To provide a reservoir of molten metal to compensate for shrinkage.
C) To cool the casting.
D) To support the core.
Answer: B

184. What is the difference between a milling machine and a lathe?

A) A milling machine rotates the workpiece, while a lathe rotates the cutting
tool.
B) A lathe rotates the workpiece, while a milling machine rotates the cutting
tool.
C) They perform the same function.
D) A milling machine is used for internal cutting, while a lathe is for
external cutting.
Answer: B

185. What is the purpose of cutting fluid in machining?

A) To increase the cutting speed.
B) To cool and lubricate the cutting tool and workpiece.
C) To harden the workpiece.
D) To increase the surface finish.
Answer: B

186. What is the process of work hardening?

A) Heating a metal to increase its hardness.
B) Cooling a metal to increase its hardness.
C) Deforming a metal plastically at room temperature to increase its hardness
and strength.
D) Coating a metal to increase its hardness.
Answer: C

187. What is the main purpose of a supercharger in an internal combustion engine?

A) To cool the engine.
B) To increase the air pressure entering the engine.
C) To reduce emissions.
D) To lubricate the engine.
Answer: B

188. What is the difference between a supercharger and a turbocharger?

A) They perform the same function.
B) A supercharger is driven by the engine, while a turbocharger is driven by
exhaust gases.
C) A turbocharger is driven by the engine, while a supercharger is driven by
exhaust gases.
D) A supercharger is more efficient than a turbocharger.
 Answer: B

189. What is the purpose of the intake stroke in a four-stroke engine?

A) To compress the air-fuel mixture.
B) To exhaust the combustion products.
C