MATRICES (Mathematics)

EXERCISE – 1 9. If the product of n matrices

1 1 1 2 1 3 1 n
1 2 0 ⌊ ⌋[ ⌋⌊ ⌋…….. ⌋ is equal to the
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
1. Let A + 2B = [ 6 −3 3] and 1 378
matrix ⌊ ⌋ then the value of n is equal to -
−5 3 1 0 1
2 −1 5 (A) 26 (B) 27 (C) 377 (D) 378
2A − B = [2 −1 6], then Tr⁡(A) − Tr⁡(B) has the
0 1 2 sin⁡ θ cos⁡ θ
value equal to 10. Consider a matrix A(θ) = [ ⌋ then,
−cos⁡ θ sin⁡ θ
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) none (A) A(θ) is symmetric
(B) A(θ) is skew symmetric
x 3x − y 3 2 (C) A−1 (θ) = A(π − θ)
2. If ⌊ ⌋=⌊ ⌋, then
zx + z 3y − w 4 7 π
(D) A2 (θ) = A ( − 2θ)
(A) x = 3, y = 7, z = 1, w = 14 2
(B) x = 3, y = −5, x = −1, w = −4
(C) x = 3, y = 6, z = 2, w = 7 11. If p, q, r are 3 real number satisfying the matrix
(D) None of these 3 4 1
equation, [p q r] [3 2 3⌋ = [3 0 1], then
3. The matrix A2 + 4A − 5I, where I is identity matrix 2 0 2
2p + q − r equals:- [JEE MAIN 2013]
1 2
and A = ⌊ ⌋ equals: [JEE MAIN 2013] (A) -1 (B) 4 (C) -3 (D) 2
4 −3
1 1 2 1
(A) 32 ⌊ ⌋ (B) 4 ⌊ ⌋ 12. If A, B and C are n × n matrices and det⁡(A) = 2,
1 0 2 0
(C) 4 [
0 −1
⌋ (D) 32 [
2 1
⌋ det⁡(B) = 3 and det⁡(C) = 5, then the value of the
2 2 2 0 det⁡(A2 BC −1 ) is equal to
6 12 18 24
0 2 0 5 (A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 5 5
4. If M = ⌊ ⌋ and N = ⌊ ⌋, then M 2011 is -
5 0 2 0
(A) 101005 M (B) 101005 N 13. Which of the following is an orthogonal matrix -
(C) 10 2010
M (D) 102011 M 6/7 2/7 −3/7
(A) |2/7 3/7 6/7 |
1 2 3/7 −6/7 2/7
5. If A = [ ⌋ and A2 − kA − I2 = 0, then value of k
2 3 6/7 2/7 3/7
is- (B) |2/7 −3/7 6/7 |
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) -4 3/7 6/7 −2/7
−6/7 −2/7 −3/7
2 1 3 4 (C) ⌊ 2/7
6. Let three matrices are A = ⌊ ⌋;B = ⌊ ⌋ and 3/7 6/7 ⌋
4 1 2 3 −3/7 6/7 2/7
3 −4 ABC A(BC)2
C=⌊ ⌋, then t r (A) + t r ( ) + t r ( )+ 6/7 −2/7 3/7
−2 3 2 4
A(BC)3 (D) ⌊ 2/7 2/7 −3/7⌋
tr ( ) + ⋯ … . +∞ is equal to -
8 −6/7 2/7 3/7
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) none
x 3 2
1 2r − 1 14. Matrix A = [1 y 4⌋, if xyz = 60 and
7. For a matrix A = ⌊ ⌋, the value of
0 1 2 2 z
1 2r − 1 8x + 4y + 3z = 20, then 𝐀(adj⁡ 𝐀) is equal to:-
∏50
r=1 [ ⌋ is equal to -
0 1 64 0 0 88 0 0
1 100 1 4950
(A) ⌊ ⌋ (B) ⌊ ⌋ (A)⌊ 0 64 0 ⌋ (B) ⌊ 0 88 0 ⌋
0 1 0 1
1 5050 1 2500 0 0 64 0 0 88
(C) ⌊ ⌋ (D) ⌊ ⌋ 68 0 0 34 0 0
0 1 0 1
(C) ⌊ 0 68 0 ⌋ (D) ⌊ 0 34 0 ⌋
8. A and B are two given matrices such that the order 0 0 68 0 0 34
of A is 3 × 4, if A′ B and BA′ are both defined then 2 −2 −4
(A) order of B ′ is 3 × 4 15. The matrix [−1 3 4 ] is a
(B) order of B'A is 4 × 4 1 −2 −3
(C) order of B ′ A is 3 × 3 (A)non-singular (B) Idempotent
(D) B ′ A is undefined (C) Nilpotent (D) Orthogonal

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16.
2
If A = ⌊ ab2 b ⌋, then A is 25. If A and B are invertible matrices, which one of the
−a −ab following statement is/are incorrect
(A) Involutory matrix (B) Idempotent matrix (A) Adj⁡(A) = |A|A−1
(C) Nilpotent matrix (D)None of these (B) det⁡(A−1 ) = |det⁡(A)|−1
(C) (A + B)−1 = B −1 + A−1
17. If A and B are symmetric matrices, then ABA is - (D) (AB)−1 = B −1 A−1
(A)symmetric matrix 0 1 2 1/2 −1/2 1/2
(B) skew symmetric matrix 26. If A = [1 2 3⌋ , A−1 = [ −4 3 c ⌋, then -
(C)diagonal matrix 3 a 1 5/2 −3/2 1/2
(D) scalar matrix (A) a = 1, c = −1 (B) a = 2, c = −
1
2
1 1
18. Let A = (C) a = −1, c = 1 (D) a = , c =
2 2
0 sin⁡ α sin⁡ αsin⁡ β 2 2 1 −x −y z
( −sin⁡ α 0 cos⁡ αcos⁡ β), then- 27. Let A = [2 5 2⌋ and B = [ 0 y 2z⌋ where
1 2 2 x −y z
−sin⁡ αsin⁡ β −cos⁡ αcos⁡ β 0
8 0 0
(A) |A| is independent of α and β x, y, z ∈ R. If B T AB = [0 27 0 ⌋ then the number
(B) A−1 depends only on α 0 0 42
(C) A−1 depends only on β of ordered triplet (x, y, z) is
(D) none of these (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9
1 −1 1 4 2 2
19. Number of real values of λ for which the matrix A = 28. Let A = [2 1 −3] and 10 B = [−5 0 α]. If
λ−1 λ λ+1 1 1 1 1 −2 3
[ 2 −1 3 ] has no inverse B is the inverse of matrix A, then α is-
λ+3 λ−2 λ+7 (A) -2 (B) -1 (C) 2 (D) 5
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) infinite 1 tan⁡ x
29. A=[ ⌋ then let us define a function
−tan⁡ x 1
i+j i≠j f(x) = det. (A A ) then which of the following can
T −1
20. If A = ⌊a ij ⌋ where a ij = { 2 , then A−1 not be the value of ⏟ f(f(f(f … … . . f(x)))) is (n ≥ 2)
2×2 i − 2j i=j
is equal to - n times
1 0 3 10 −3 (A) f n (x) (B) 1 (C) f n−1
(x) (D)nf⁡(x)
(A) [ ⌋ (B) [ ⌋
9 3 1 9 3 −1
1 0 −3 1 0 3 3 2
(C) [ ⌋ (D) ⌊ ⌋ 30. Let the matrix A and B be define as A = ⌊ ⌋ and
9 −3 −1 3 3 1 2 1
3 1
B=⌊ ⌋ then the value of Det. (2 A9 B −1 ), is
21. Let P and Q are orthogonal matrices of order 3 × 3 7 3
such that A = PQT ⁡&⁡B = QT , then the value of (A) 2 (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) -2
4 −4 5
tr⁡(AB) is equal to
31. For the matrix A = [−2 3 −3] find A−2 .
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7
3 −3 4
a11 a12 1 1 1
22. Let S = {(a a 22) : a ij ∈ {0,1,2}, a11 = a 22 }. Then 2 3
21 32. (A) Given A = [2 4 1] , B = [ ]. Find P such
the number if non-singular matrices in the set S is : 3 4
2 3 1
(A) 24 (B) 10 (C) 20 (D) 27 1 0 1
that BPA = [ ]
0 1 0
2
23. If A = ⌊ cos α sin α cos α⌋ ; (B) Find the matrix A satisfying the matrix
sin α cos α sin2 α 2 1 3 2 2 4
cos 2 ⁡ β sin⁡ βcos⁡ β equation, ⌊ ⌋⋅A⋅⌊ ⌋=⌊ ⌋
B=⌊ ⌋ are such that, AB is a 3 2 5 −3 3 −1
sin⁡ βcos⁡ β sin2 ⁡ β 33. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that a11 = a 33 = 2 and
null matrix, then which of the following should all the other a ij = 1. Let A−1 = xA2 + yA + zI, then
π
necessarily be an odd integral multiple of : find the value of (x + y + z) where I is a unit matrix
2
(A) α (B) β (C) α − β (D) α + β of order 3.
3
1 4 −3
34. Let A=⌊ 2⌋,B = [ ⌋ and Cr =
24. A is an involutory matrix given by 1 2 −2 2
0 1 −1 r ⋅ 3r 2r
A
A = [4 −3 4 ] then the inverse of will be ⌊ ⌋ be 3 given matrices Compute the
2 0 (r − 1)3r
3 −3 4 −1 value of ∑r=1 tr⁡((AB)r Cr ). (where tr.(A) denotes
50
A A
(A) 2 A (B) (C) (D) A2 trace of matrix A)
2 2

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EXERCISE – 2 d 3 a
B = (b − a e −2b − c) is skew symmetric, then
a −360
1. Let M = ⌊ ⌋, where a, b and c are integers. −2 6 −f
b c find AB. Is AB a symmetric, skew symmetric or
Find the smallest positive value of b such that
neither of them. Justify your answer.
M 2 = O, where O denotes 2 × 2 null matrix.
1 2 5
2. Find the number of 2 × 2 matrix satisfying 12. Express the matrix [ 2 3 −6] as a sum of a
following conditions:
−1 0 4
(i) a ij is 1 or -1; lower triangular matrix & an upper triangular
(ii) a11 a 21 + a12 a 22 = 0 matrix with zero in its leading diagonal. Also express
the matrix as a sum of a symmetric and a skew
3. Find the value of x and y that satisfy the equations symmetric matrix.
3 −2 y y 3 3
[3 0 ] [ ] = [3y 3y] 13. (a) A is a square matrix of order n.
x x
2 4 10 10 ℓ = maximum number of distinct entries if A is a
p triangular matrix
a b 0
4. Let A = ⌊ ⌋ and B = ⌊q⌋ ≠ ⌊ ⌋. Such that AB = B m = maximum number of distinct entries if A is a
c d 0
and a + d = 5050. Find the value of diagonal matrix
(ad − bc). p = minimum number of zeroes if A is a triangular
matrix
0 1 If ℓ + 5 = p + 2 m, find the order of the matrix.
5. Define A = ⌊ ⌋. Find a vertical vector V such that (b) Let A be the set of all 3 × 3 skew symmetric
3 0
0
(A8 + A6 + A4 + A2 + I)V = ⌊ ⌋ (where I is the matrices whose entries are either −1,0 or 1 . If there
11 are exactly three 0 's, three 1 's and three (−1) 's,
2 × 2 identity matrix). then find the number of such matrices.
1 0 2 14. If A is an idempotent non-zero matrix and I is an
6. If A = [0 2 1 ∣, then show that the matrix A is a root of Identify matrix of the same order, find the value of
2 0 3 n, n ∈ N, such that (A + I)n = I + 127 A.
the polynomial f(x) = x 3 − 6x 2 + 7x + 2.
2 0 7 −x 14x 7x
1 2 a b
7. If the matrices A = ⌊ ⌋ and B = ⌊ ⌋ 15. Let A = [0 1 0⌋ and B = [ 0 1 0 ] are
3 4 c d
( a, b, c, d not all simultaneously zero) commute, find 1 −2 1 x −4x −2x
d−b two matrices such that AB = (AB)−1 and AB ≠ I
the value of . Also show that the matrix which (where I is an identity matrix of order 3 × 3 ).
a+c−b
α − B 2β/3 Find the value of
commutes with A is of the form [ ⌋
β α Tr. (AB + (AB)2 + (AB)3 + ⋯ . . +(AB)100 ),
where Tr. (A) denotes the trace of matrix A.
a b
8. If ⌊ ⌋ is an idempotent matrix. Find the value
c 1−a a b
of f(a), where f(x) = x − x 2 , when bc = 1/4. Hence 16. If A = ⌊ ⌋ then prove that value of f and g
c d
otherwise evaluate a. satisfying the matrix equation A2 + fA + gI = 𝐎 are
equal to −t r (A) and determinant of A respectively.
1
9. If the matrix A is involutory, show that (I + A) and Given a, b, c, d are non zero reals and
2
1 1 1 1 0 0 0
(I − A) are idempotent and (I + A) ⋅ (I − A) = I=⌊ ⌋;O = ⌊ ⌋.
2 2 2 0 1 0 0
O.
3x 2
1 0 17. Let A = [ 1 ⌋ , B = [abc] and
10. Show that the matrix
A=⌊ ⌋ can be
2 1 6x
decomposed as a sum of a unit and a nilpotent (x + 2)2 5x 2 2x
1 0 2007 C = [ 5x 2
2x (x + 2)2 ⌋ be three given
matrix. Hence evaluate the matrix [ ]
2 1 2x (x + 2) 2
5x 2
3 a −1 matrices, where
11. A = (2 5 c ) is Symmetric and a, b, c and x ∈ R. Given that tr⁡(AB) = tr⁡(C)∀x ∈ R,
b 8 2 where tr⁡(A) denotes trace of A. Find the value of
(a + b + c)

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25. Let A = a ij be a matrix of order 3 where a ij =∣

[MORE THAN ONE ARE CORRECT (18-25)] x if i = j, ⁡x ∈ R
18. Let det⁡(adj⁡(adjA)) = 144 where A = 1 if |i − j| = 1 , then which of the following
x 2 −1 0 if otherwise
11
[−1 1 2 ] , x ≠ − 3 , then hold(s) good?
2 −1 1 (A) for x = 2, A is a diagonal matrix
(A) x = 1 (B) det⁡(2A) = 112 (B) A is a symmetric matrix
(C) x = 2 (D) det⁡(2A) = 256 (C) for x = 2, det A has the value equal to 6
(D) Let f(x) = det⁡ A, then the function f(x) has
1 −1 2 both the maxima and minima.
19. Let A−1 = [−1 2 1 ⌋, then-
2 1 −1 Paragraph for question nos. 26 to 27
1
(A) 7|A| = Consider the system AX = B, where
2 x
1 1 1 −1 −1
(B) |adjA| = A = ⌊2 1 1 ⌋ , x = ⌊y⌋ , B = ⌊ 2 ⌋.
196
1
(C) trace (adjA) = − 3 2 2 z 3
7 26. Sum of elements of (adj⁡ A)B is -
(D) Matrix A is symmetric matrix
(A) -1 (B) 2 (C) -2 (D) -4
3 0 0
20. If A = [2 2 0⌋, then which of the following 27. Value of tr⁡(XB T ) is (where tr⁡(A) denotes trace of
4 5 3 matrix A )-
is(are) true? (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
(trace of A denotes sum of principal diagonal
elements of A) Paragraph for question nos. 28 to 30
(A) A is invertible If A is a symmetric and B skew symmetric matrix
(B) trace⁡(adj⁡(A))) = 144 and A + B is nonsingular and
(C) trace⁡(adj⁡(adj⁡(A))) = 8 C = (A + B)−1 ( A − B) then
(D) |adj⁡ A| is less than 400 28. C T (A + B)C =
(A) A + B (B) A − B (C) A (D) B
1 2 3
21. Let A = [2 2 −1⌋ and f(x) = x 3 − 2x 2 − αx + 29. C T (A − B)C =
3 0 k (A) A + B (B) A − B (C) A (D) B
β = 0. If A satisfies f(x) = 0 then-
(A) k = 1, α = 14 (B) α = 14, β = 22 30. C T AC
(C) k = −1, β = 22 (D) α = −14, β = −22 (A) A + B (B) A − B (C) A (D) B
31. Let A be the 2 × 2 matrices given by A = ⌊a ij ⌋,
22. If A and B are 3 × 3 matrices and |A| ≠ 0, then where a ij ∈ {0,1,2,3,4} such that
which of the following are true?
a11 + a12 + a 21 + a 22 = 4
(A) |AB| = 0 ⇒ |B| = 0 (B) |AB| = 0 ⇒ B = 0
(i) Find the number of matrices A such that the
(C) |A−1 | = |A|−1 (D) |A + A| = 2| A|
trace of A is equal to 4.
(ii) Find the number of matrices A such that A is
23. If D1 and D2 are two 3 × 3 diagonal matrices where
invertible.
none of the diagonal element is zero, then -
(iii) Find the absolute value of the difference
(A) D1 D2 is a diagonal matrix
between maximum value and minimum value
(B) D1 D2 = D2 D1
of det⁡(A).
(C) D1 ⁡2 + D2 ⁡2 is a diagonal matrix
(iv) Find the number of matrices A such that A is
(D) none of these
either symmetric or skew-symmetric or both
24. If A and B are two 3 × 3 matrices such that their
and det⁡(A) is divisible by 2
product AB is a null matrix then
32. Let X be the solution set of the equation Ax = I,
(A) det. A ≠ 0 ⇒ B must be a null matrix. 0 1 −1
(B) det. B ≠ 0 ⇒ A must be a null matrix where A = [4 −3 4 ] and I is the corresponding
(C) If none of A and B are null matrices then 3 −3 4
atleast one of the two matrices must be unit matrix and x ⊆ N then find the minimum value of
singular. ∑(cos x ⁡ θ + sinx ⁡ θ), θ ∈ R.
(D) If neither det. A nor det. B is zero then given
statement is not possible. 33. Consider the two matrices A and B where A =
1 2 5
⌊ ⌋ ; B = ⌊ ⌋. Let n(A) denotes the number of
4 3 −3

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elements in A and n(XY) = 𝐎, when the two

matrices X and Y are not conformable for
multiplication. If C = (AB)(B ′ A); D = (B ′ A)(AB)
n(C)((|D|2 +n(D))
then, find the value of ( ).
n(A)−n(B)

34. Find the product of two matrices A&B, where A =

−5 1 3 1 1 2
[7 1 −5⌋ &⁡B = [3 2 1⌋ and use it to
1 −1 1 2 1 3
solve the following system of linear equations,
x + y + 2z = 1; 3x + 2y + z = 7; 2x + y + 3z = 2.
35. Determine the values of a and b for which the
3 −2 1 x b
system ⌊5 −8 9⌋ ⌊y⌋ = ⌊ 3 ⌋
2 1 a z −1
(a) has a unique solution;
(b) has no solution and
(c) has infinitely many solutions
36. A3 × 3 is a matrix such that |A| = a, B = (adj⁡ A)
such that |B| = b. Find the value of
(ab2 + a2 b + 1)S where
1 a a2 a3
S= + + + ⋯ …... to ∞ and a = 3.
2 b b3 b5

37. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 , where

|A| = −2 and |B| = 1, then find
(A−1 )adj⁡(B −1 )adj⁡(2 A−1 ) ∣.

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ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE – 1
1. (C) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (B) 9. (B)
10. (C) 11. (C) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (C) 15. (B) 16. (C) 17. (A) 18. (A)
19. (D) 20. (A) 21. (B) 22. (C) 23. (C) 24. (A) 25. (C) 26. (A) 27. (C)
17 4 −19
28. (D) 29. (D) 30. (D) 31. [−10 0 13 ⌋
−21 −3 25
−4 7 −7 1 48 −25
32. (A) ⌊ ⌋; (B) ⌊ ⌋
3 −5 5 19 −70 42
33. 1 34. 3(49.3 + 1)
50

EXERCISE – 2
3 0
1. 10 2. 8 3. 𝑥 = ,𝑦 = 2 4. 5049 5. V = ⌊1⌋ 7. 1
2
11
1 0
8. f(a) = 1/4, a = 1/2 10. [ ⌋ 11. AB is neither symmetric nor skew symmetric
4014 1
1 0 0 0 2 5 1 2 2 0 0 3
12. ⌊ 2 3 0⌋ + ⌊0 0 −6⌋ ; [2 3 −3⌋ + ⌊ 0 0 −3⌋ 13. (a) 4 , (b) 8 14. n = 7
−1 0 4 0 0 0 2 −3 4 −3 3 0
15. 100 16. f = −(a + d); g = ad − bc 17. 7
18. (A,B) 19. (B,C,D) 20. (A,B,D) 21. (B,C) 22. (A,C)
23. (A,B,C) 24. (A,B,C,D) 25. (B,D) 26. (C) 27. (A)
28. (A) 29. (B) 30. (C) 31. (i) 5 , (ii) 18 , (iii) 8 , (iv) 5
32. 2 33. 650 34. x = 2, y = 1, z = −1
35. (i) a ≠ −3, b ∈ R; (ii) a = −3 and b ≠ 1/3 (iii) a = −3, b = 1/3 36. 225 37. -8

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