1

P
S

In the above circuit, light bulbs M, N, O and P are identical, and the battery has negligible
internal resistance. When the switch S is closed, which of the following statements is incorrect?
A M becomes brighter.
B N does not light.
C O becomes dimmer.
D P becomes brighter than O.

A
V V

Circuit 1 Circuit 2

An ammeter, a voltmeter and a battery are arranged into Circuits 1 and 2 separately to study a
resistor of true resistance R which is unknown. The meters are not ideal. The internal resistance
of the battery is negligible. In both circuits, the readings of the ammeter and voltmeter are
taken as the current in the resistor and the voltage across it respectively. The measured value of
R in Circuit 1 is R1 and that in Circuit 2 is R2. Which of the following relationships about R, R1
and R2 is correct?
A R > R1 > R2
B R < R1 < R2
C R1 < R < R 2
D R1 > R > R 2

In the above circuit, the resistors are identical, and the battery has negligible internal resistance.
When the switch S is closed, the power output of the battery is 18 W. When S is opened, the
power output of the battery becomes
A 6 W.
B 12 W.
C 27 W.
D 54 W.

4
A circuit is connected as shown. Assume the internal resistance of the cell can be neglected and
the ammeter is ideal.
2

4 3

2V

What is the reading of the ammeter?

A 0.33 A
B 0.67 A
C 0.78 A
D 1.00 A

5
A voltmeter has a full scale deflection of 3 V. It is connected to a 12-k resistor in series as
shown.
12-k resistor
V

A voltage of 3 V is applied across this combination, but the voltmeter only reads 1.2 V. What is
the internal resistance of the voltmeter?
A 8 k
B 18 k
C 20 k
D 30 k
6
Refer to the circuit below.

What will happen if the switch is closed?

(1) A large current will flow through the switch.
(2) A large current will flow through the resistor.
(3) The battery will heat up.
A (1) and (2) only
B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)

7
The ammeter in the following circuit is not ideal.

Let IR be the current flowing through the resistor, IA be the ammeter reading and I0 be the
current flowing through the resistor if the ammeter is not present in the circuit. Which of the
following relations is/are correct?
(1) IA = IR
(2) IA < I0
(3) IR = I0
A (2) only
B (1) and (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only

8
The voltmeter in the following circuit is not ideal.

Let VR be the voltage across the resistor, VV be the voltmeter reading and V0 be the voltage
across the resistor when the voltmeter is removed. Which of the following relations is/are
correct? Neglect the internal resistance of the cell.
(1) VV = VR
(2) VV < V0
(3) VR = V0
A (2) only
B (1) and (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only

9
The current flowing through a voltmeter is usually very small because
A the voltmeter is ideal.
B the voltmeter is ohmic.
C the voltmeter has a high resistance.
D the voltmeter has a low resistance.

10
A battery is connected in series with a resistor R. Which of the following can increase the
terminal voltage of the battery? The internal resistance of the battery cannot be neglected.
(1) Connect another resistor in series with R.
(2) Connect another resistor in parallel with R.
(3) Use connecting wires with higher resistance.
A (1) only
B (2) only
C (1) and (3) only
D (2) and (3) only

11
In the circuit shown below, the internal resistance of the battery is 2 Ω. R is a variable resistor.

The terminal voltage across the battery is 8 V if the resistance of the variable resistor is set at
16 Ω. Find the e.m.f. of the battery.
A 8.5 V
B 9V
C 9.5 V
D 10 V
12
In the following resistor network, all resistors are of resistance 1 .
P R

Q S
Find the equivalent resistance across QR.
A 0.2 
B 0.4 
C 0.5 
D 0.667 

13
In the following resistor network, all resistors are of resistance 1 .
P R

Q S
Find the equivalent resistance across QS.
A 0.2 
B 0.25 
C 0.5 
D 0.625 

14
In the following circuit, the e.m.f. of the cell is 1.5 V and both light bulbs are of resistance 2 .
Assume that the cell is ideal.

M N

When the switch is closed, which of the following will not happen?
A The current flowing through M will drop to zero.
B The current flowing through the switch will be 0.75 A.
C The current flowing through N will increase.
D The cell will go flat very quickly.

15
Refer to the circuit below.
K
V

A
M N

What will happen when switch K is closed?

(1) The voltmeter reading increases.
(2) The ammeter reading decreases.
(3) Bulb N becomes brighter.
A (1) and (2) only
B (1) and (3) only
C (2) and (3) only
D (1), (2) and (3)

16
Which of the following networks of light bulbs has the lowest equivalent resistance? All light
bulbs are identical.
A B

C D

17
A bulb is connected to a battery as shown.
V

When the switch is closed, the voltmeter reading drops. Which of the following statements
gives the correct explanation of this phenomenon?
A The voltmeter has finite resistance.
B The battery has internal resistance.
C The resistance of the bulb is very large.
D There is a voltage drop across the bulb.
18
Consider the following circuit.
V1

A
metal wire

V2

When the switch is closed, the reading of voltmeter V1 decreases. Which of the following can
explain this?
A The internal resistance of the battery is not negligible.
B The internal resistance of the ammeter is not negligible.
C The internal resistance of V1 is not large enough.
D The internal resistance of V2 is not large enough.

19
A circuit consists of a battery and a network of resistors. The internal resistance of the battery
cannot be neglected. If a resistor is added to the circuit in parallel to the battery, the current
through the battery
A must increase.
B must decrease.
C may remain unchanged.
D None of the above

20
A student wants to measure the resistance of a metal wire whose resistance is comparable to
that of an ammeter. Which of the following circuits gives the most accurate measurement value?
A V B V

A
A
V

C V D V

A
A

V
V

21
In the following circuit, the ammeter reading is 0.214 A when a 10-Ω resistor is connected in
series with the battery.

A
10 Ω

When another 10-Ω resistor is connected in series with the one in the circuit, the ammeter
reading drops to 0.125 A. What is the internal resistance of the battery? Assume that the
ammeter is ideal.
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16 

22
Consider the following circuit.
3V

1 1
V

Assume that the ammeter and the voltmeter are ideal. What are their expected readings?
Ammeter (A) Voltmeter (V)
A 0 3
B 1.5 1.5
C 3 1.5
D 3 0
23
A battery of e.m.f. 1.5 V is connected in series with a variable resistor R and an ammeter. The
internal resistances of the battery and the ammeter are respectively Ri and 0.8 Ω. The ammeter
1
reading I is recorded as R varies. A graph of against R is plotted as shown below.
I
1 –1
/A
I
1.5 V

slope = 0.667
A
R 1.2
R/Ω
Find Ri.
A 0.67 
B 0.80 
C 1.00 
D 1.44 

24
Consider the following circuit.
3V

1Ω 2Ω

A
3Ω 4Ω

What is the ammeter reading? You may assume that the battery and the ammeter are ideal.
A 0.12 A
B 0.36 A
C 0.48 A
D 1.44 A

25
Six identical light bulbs are connected as shown.

How many light bulbs become dimmer after the switch is closed?
A 0
B 2
C 3
D 4

26
Light bulb L1, L2 and rheostats R1, R2 are connected in a circuit as shown.

Which of the following statements is correct?

A If the sliding contact of rheostat R1 shifts to the left, L1 will become brighter.
B If the sliding contact of rheostat R1 shifts to the left, L2 will become brighter.
C If the sliding contact of rheostat R2 shifts to the right, L1 will become brighter.
D If the sliding contact of rheostat R2 shifts to the right, L2 will become brighter.

27
The figure below shows part of a circuit which carries a current of 1 A from P to Q through a
cell of e.m.f. 2 V and internal resistance 1 Ω.
2 V, 1 Ω
P Q
1A
The voltage across PQ is
A 1 V.
B 2 V.
C 3 V.
D 4 V.
28
In the following figure, each resistor has a resistance of R, and each cell has an internal
resistance of r and an e.m.f. of V. Assume that the ammeter is ideal.

What is the reading of the ammeter?

V
A
rR
2V
B
rR
2V
C
2r  R
4V
D
2r  R

29
Four identical light bulbs are connected as shown.

When two points of the circuit are connected with a wire of negligible resistance, the
brightness of bulb X remains unchanged. Which of the following two points are probably
connected?
(1) Points P and R
(2) Points P and S
(3) Points Q and R
(4) Points Q and S
A (1) and (4) only
B (2) and (3) only
C (3) and (4) only
D (2), (3) and (4) only

30
Three identical light bulbs are connected in the following ways to a 6-V battery. In which way
do the light bulbs dissipate the lowest power?
A B

C D

31
Six identical light bulbs are connected as shown.

When the switch is open, the potential difference across bulb P is V. What is the potential
difference across bulb P when the switch is closed?
A 0.5V
B 0.75V
C V
D 1.5V