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Assignment 8

The document contains a series of questions related to HTTP requests and responses, including the necessary protocols for retrieving web documents, analysis of an HTTP GET message, and server responses. It also discusses DNS queries for mail servers and web servers, providing specific examples and outputs from nslookup commands. Key points include the identification of persistent connections, document sizes, and the use of MX records for mail server aliases.

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5 views

Assignment 8

The document contains a series of questions related to HTTP requests and responses, including the necessary protocols for retrieving web documents, analysis of an HTTP GET message, and server responses. It also discusses DNS queries for mail servers and web servers, providing specific examples and outputs from nslookup commands. Key points include the identification of persistent connections, document sizes, and the use of MX records for mail server aliases.

Uploaded by

SkyHighFlying 15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 8

(Several questions below are adapted from the Kurose book)

1) (2 points) Consider an HTTP client that wants to retrieve a Web document at a given
URL. The IP address of the HTTP server is initially unknown. What transport and
application-layer protocols besides HTTP are needed in this scenario?
a) DNS to obtain the IP address of the HTTP server, The IP address of the host to
send the information back to, and the transmission protocol such as UDP or
TCP.

2) (2.5 points) Consider the following string of ASCII characters that were captured by
Wireshark when the browser sent an HTTP GET message (i.e., this is the actual
content of an HTTP GET message). The characters <cr><lf> are carriage return and
line-feed characters (that is, the italized character string <cr> in the text below
represents the single carriage-return character that was contained at that point in
the HTTP header). Answer the following questions, indicating where in the HTTP GET
message below you find the answer.

GET /cs453/index.html HTTP/1.1<cr><lf>Host: gai


a.cs.umass.edu<cr><lf>User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (
Windows;U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.7.2) Gec
ko/20040804 Netscape/7.2 (ax) <cr><lf>Accept:ex
t/xml, application/xml, application/xhtml+xml, text
/html;q=0.9, text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5
<cr><lf>Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5<cr><lf>Accept-
Encoding: zip,deflate<cr><lf>Accept-Charset: ISO
-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7<cr><lf>Keep-Alive: 300<cr>
<lf>Connection:keep-alive<cr><lf><cr><lf>

a) What is the URL of the document requested by the browser?


i) gaia.cs.umass.edu /cs453/index.html
b) What version of HTTP is the browser running?
i) 1.1
c) Does the browser request a non-persistent or a persistent connection?
i) Persistent
d) What is the IP address of the host on which the browser is running?
e) What type of browser initiates this message? Why is the browser type
needed in an HTTP request message?
i) Mozilla brwser. It is needed since each web browser might parse
different HTTP files differently.

3) (2.5 points) The text below shows the reply sent from the server in response to the
HTTP GET message in the question above. Answer the following questions,
indicating where in the message below you find the answer.

HTTP/1.1 200 OK<cr><lf>Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2008


12:39:45GMT<cr><lf>Server: Apache/2.0.52 (Fedora)
<cr><lf>Last-Modified: Sat, 10 Dec2005 18:27:46
GMT<cr><lf>ETag: ”526c3-f22-a88a4c80”<cr><lf>Accept-
Ranges: bytes<cr><lf>Content-Length: 3874<cr><lf>
Keep-Alive: timeout=max=100<cr><lf>Connection:
Keep-Alive<cr><lf>Content-Type: text/html; charset=
ISO-8859-1<cr><lf><cr><lf><!doctype html public ”-
//w3c//dtd html 4.0transitional//en”><lf><html><lf>
<head><lf> <meta http-equiv=”Content-Type”
content=”text/html; charset=iso-8859-1”><lf> <meta
name=”GENERATOR” content=”Mozilla/4.79 [en] (Windows NT
5.0; U) Netscape]”><lf> <title>CMPSCI 453 / 591 /
NTU-ST550ASpring 2005 homepage</title><lf></head><lf>
<much more document text following here (not shown)>

a) Was the server able to successfully find the document or not? What time
was the document reply provided?
i) Yes, and the time was Tue, 07 Mar 2008
12:39:45GMT
b) When was the document last modified?
i) Sat, 10 Dec2005 18:27:46
GMT
c) How many bytes are there in the document being returned?
i) 3874
d) What are the first 5 bytes of the document being returned?
e) ><!doctype html public ”-
//w3c//dtd html 4.0transitional//en”><lf><html><lf>
<head><lf> <meta http-equiv=”Content-Type”
content=”text/html; charset=iso-8859-1”><lf> <meta
name=”GENERATOR” content=”Mozilla/4.79 [en] (Windows NT
5.0; U) Netscape]”><lf> <title>CMPSCI 453 / 591 /
NTU-ST550ASpring 2005 homepage</title><lf></head><lf>
f) Did the server agree to a persistent connection?
yes, but timeout is 100sec
4) (1 point) Is it possible for an organization’s Web server and mail server to have
exactly the same alias for a hostname (for example, foo.com)? What would be the
type for the RR that contains the hostname of the mail server?
Yes, where MX directs mail traffic.
5) (2 points) Use nslookup (show the commands and outputs) to answer the following
questions:
a) Find a canonical mail server name for the mail alias lwtech.edu.
i) lwtech-edu.mail.protection.outlook.com
b) Find the IP address of an lwtech mail server.
i) The one above has a few:
ii) 52.101.8.42
iii) 52.101.11.3
iv) 52.101.42.14
v) 52.101.40.2
c) Query your local dns to find the IP address of an lwtech webserver
(www.lwtech.edu). Is the result from cache or not?
i) 44.236.166.115, the result is non-authoritative and therefore cached
d) Query an authoritative name server to find the IP address of an lwtech
webserver (www.lwtech.edu).
i) 168.156.8.90

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