Scribd
Upload
6 views

Lecture6 AnalogModulationPart II

The document discusses the demodulation of Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC) Amplitude Modulation (AM) signals, including the effects of phase on demodulated signal amplitude and methods for carrier synchronization. It also covers conventional amplitude modulation, the importance of maintaining a modulation index less than one for effective demodulation, and the power content of DSB-SC signals. Additionally, examples are provided to illustrate the concepts of DSB-AM signals and their spectra.

Uploaded by

thomaskarthik4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Lecture6 AnalogModulationPart II

The document discusses the demodulation of Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC) Amplitude Modulation (AM) signals, including the effects of phase on demodulated signal amplitude and methods for carrier synchronization. It also covers conventional amplitude modulation, the importance of maintaining a modulation index less than one for effective demodulation, and the power content of DSB-SC signals. Additionally, examples are provided to illustrate the concepts of DSB-AM signals and their spectra.

Uploaded by

thomaskarthik4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Analog Modulation : Part II

Satyajit Thakor
IIT Mandi
Demodulation of DSB-SC AM signals

↭ Assume distortion free channel, i.e., received signal r(t) = u(t).


↭ Demodulate r(t) by first multiplying it by a locally generated
sinusoid cos(2ωfc t + ε), where ε is the phase of generated
sinusoid.
y(t) = r(t) cos(2ωfc t + ε)
= Ac m(t) cos(2ωfc t) cos(2ωfc t + ε)
Ac Ac
= m(t) cos(ε) + m(t) cos(4ωfc t + ε)
2 2

↭ Pass the resulting signal through an ideal lowpass filter with the
bandwidth W to get
Ac
yl (t) = m(t) cos(ε)
2
Demodulation of DSB-SC AM signals

↭ Spectrum of the signal and diagram of demodulator

↭ E!ect of ε on demodulated signal amplitude of AzMA is reduced by


↭ Solutions, pros and cons: thefactor
ex
q is
t 4
— carrier synchronization via phase estimation,
— long carrier (unsuppressed carrier) modulation 90 cos

systemcomplexity

Pow allocationto carrier


ray

cos 27ft
Demodulation of DSB AM with unsuppressed carrier
↭ Unsuppressed carrier modulation: add a carrier component
(pilot tone with amplitude Ap ) into the transmitted signal
↭ The transmitted signal is a DSB signal, but it is not a SC signal.
Tress carrier

modulator

demodulator
Conventional amplitude modulation

↭ Carrier phase recovery is a big issue in DSB-SC AM.


↭ One way is to use a pilot tone.
↭ A conventional AM signal consists of a large carrier component,
in addition to the DSB AM-modulated signal.

u(t) = Ac [1 + m(t)] cos(2ωfc t), |m(t)| < 1

↭ The amplitude Ac [1 + m(t)] is always positive.

upperenvelope
Envelope of an oscillating
signal is a smooth curve
outlining its extremes
lower enveloper
Conventional amplitude modulation
ITMA SO
EAC
↭ As we will see, the condition |m(t)| < 1 makes it easy to
demodulate.
↭ If m(t) < →1 for some t, the AM signal is overmodulated and its
demodulation is more complex.
↭ Obtaining a normalized modulating signal:

m(t)
mn (t) =
max|m(t)|
↭ Let m(t) = amn (t) (redefining the signal m(t)), where a is called
modulation index which is generally less than 1.
↭ Then,
u(t) = Ac [1 + amn (t)] cos(2ωfc t)
Conventional amplitude modulation

↭ In general, modulation index is denoted a or µ and is defined as

message signal amplitude


modulation index = .
carrier signal amplitude
↭ Consider modulated signal

εAM (t) = A cos ϑc t + m(t) cos ϑc t.


it
What is the modulation index of this signal? mithan
mp
Solution: Let mp = max |m(t)|. Then µ = A .
↭ The modulation index should be less than or equal to one to
ensure that the envelope contains complete information of m(t)
(important for envelope detector demodulator).
↭ Envelope of an oscillating signal is a smooth curve outlining its
extremes.
Conventional amplitude modulation
Spectrum

U (f ) = F[Ac amn (t) cos(2ωfc t)] + F[Ac cos(2ωfc t)]


Ac a Ac a
= [Mn (f + fc ) + Mn (f → fc )] + [ϖ(f + fc ) + ϖ(f → fc )].
2 2
Example

↭ Suppose that the modulating signal m(t) is a sinusoid of the


form
m(t) = cos 2ωfm t, fm ↑ fc .
Determine the DSB-AM signal, its upper and lower sidebands,
and its spectrum, assuming a modulation index of a.

DSB AM signal
Uct Ac It a cos 21T fut cos 217ft
A c cos 2 fat Ac a cos 217ft cos 211ft

Ac cos 25ft A cos 21T fc fu t

Acf as 2H tattm t
Example

lower sideband Melt AI cos 2T tata t

upper sideband Unct AI cos 21T fattu t

serum
U f AE S t c 8 the
8 ftfc fur
AI f fettin
S

f Hattu
AI S f fc tm 8
Example

i111 i
117
Power content of DSB-SC signals

↭ Recall: DSB-SC signal

u(t) = m(t)c(t) = Ac m(t) cos(2ωfc t).

↭ The power content of the DSB-SC signal u(t) is


! T /2
1
Pu = lim A2c m2 (t) cos2 (2ωfc t)dt
T →↑ T ↓T /2
! T /2
A2c 1
= lim m2 (t)[1 + cos(4ωfc t)]dt
2 T →↑ T ↓T /2
A2c Pm
=
2
where Pm is the power in the message signal m(t).

Fat tints at
Power content of DSB-SC signals
" T /2
↭ Why limT →↑ T1 ↓T /2 m2 (t) cos(4ωf t)dt ↓ 0?
c

↭ m2 (t) is a slowly varying signal and cos(4ωfc t) is a


high-frequency sinusoid
↭ m2 (t) cos(4ωfc t) is a high-frequency sinusoid with a slowly
varying envelope and hence its integral over one period can be
approximated as 0.

g
References

↭ Chapter 3 of J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, Fundamentals of


Communication Systems
↭ Chapter 4 of B. P. Lathi and Z. Ding, Modern Digital and
Analog Communication Systems

You might also like