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Problem Sheet 7

The document is a problem sheet for Engineering Mathematics II focusing on first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It includes various problems requiring verification of solutions, finding particular and general solutions, and solving initial value problems (IVPs). Additionally, it discusses conditions for exactness in ODEs and properties of solutions to non-homogeneous and homogeneous linear ODEs.

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3 views2 pages

Problem Sheet 7

The document is a problem sheet for Engineering Mathematics II focusing on first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It includes various problems requiring verification of solutions, finding particular and general solutions, and solving initial value problems (IVPs). Additionally, it discusses conditions for exactness in ODEs and properties of solutions to non-homogeneous and homogeneous linear ODEs.

Uploaded by

shreyanshsingh.241cv246
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences

National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal


Engineering Mathematics II - MA111

Problem Sheet 7
First Order ODE

1. Verify (by differentiation and substitution) that y = ce−4x + 0.35 is a solution of y′ + 4y =


1.4. If y(0) = 2, find the particular solution.

2. Show (by differentiation and substitution) that y = cx − c2 is a general solution of (y′ )2 −


xy′ + y = 0. Show that y = x2 /4 is also a solution of this ODE. And this solution cannot
be obtained from the general solution. Such a solution is called a singular solution.

3. Solve the following IVP.


y y
xy′ = y + 4x5 cos2 , y(2) = 0. (set = u ).
x x

Ans: y = x arctan( x4 − 16).

4. Find a general solution of

y′ = (4x + y + 1)2 , y(0) = 2. (set v = 4x + y + 1)

Ans: 4x + y + 1 = 2 tan(2x + c).

5. Solve
(−y/x2 + 2 cos 2x ) dx + (1/x − 2 sin 2y) dy = 0.

Ans: y/x + sin 2x + cos 2y = c.

6. Solve
(e(x+y) − y) dx + ( xe x+y + 1) dy = 0.

Ans: xey + ye− x = c.

7. Under what conditions for the constants a, b, k, l is

( ax + by)dx + (kx + ly)dy = 0

exact? Solve the exact ODE.


Ans: b = k, ax2 + 2kxy + ly2 = c

1
8. Find the general solution of following IVP’s. If an initial condition is given, find also the
corresponding particular solution.
(a) x2 y′ + 3xy = 1/x, y(1) = −1.
Ans: General solution: y = x −3 ( x + c) Particular solution: y = x −2 − 2x −3
2
(b) y′ + 4x2 y = (4x2 − x )e− x /2
3 2
Ans: y = ce−4x /3 + e− x /2
3
(c) y′ + x2 y = (e− x sinh x )/(3y2 )
n 3 o1/3
Ans: y = e− x (cosh x + c)

(d) y′ sin 2y + x cos 2y = 2x (Reduce to a linear equation by the substitution z = cos 2y,
or use separation of variables)
1 2
Ans: y = (arccos(2 + ce x )
2
9. Show that the sum of a solution of the non-homogeneous linear ODEs
(i): y′ + p( x )y = r ( x )
and a solution of the homogeneous linear ODEs
(ii): y′ + p( x )y = 0)
is another solution of (i) as well.

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