Process Questions:

1.Who among the family members have

different physical characteristics.

2.What makes him/her different?

 Which
parent do
these
children
look more
like?
 Why do
members of
the same
family look
similar?
Mendelian
Monohybrid Crosses
Genetics
 Objectives
• Predict phenotypic and
genotypic expressions of traits
following simple patterns of
inheritance;
• Appreciate the importance of
monohybrid crosses;
Objectives
• Perform monohybrid cross
using the Punnett Square
and apply the probability of
genetic crosses through
problem-solving.
 Gregor
An Mendel
offspring can
acquire traits
from both of
their parents.
 Game
Picture Rebus!
 What to do?
Use the images as
clues to guess the
hidden word.
 What to do?
Raise your hand if
you want to be
called and share
your answer.
Example
Rainbow
Word no. 1

EU-
 Gene
✓Basic unit of
Heredity
✓Segment of DNA
that contains the
genetic code for a
trait.
 Word no. 2

S
-h -ctricity
Alleles
✓Variants of a gene
✓Same location on
the chromosome
✓Represent the
traits
 Gene
• Eye Color

Allele
• Different
colors
 Gene
• Hair Style

Allele
• Straight, Wavy or
Curly
Each parent provides an
allele.
 Word no. 3

-o
DOMINANT
Dominant
✓Inherited trait
that is
expressed over
the recessive
 Word no. 4

-d - prin- - h-
RECESSIVE
Recessive
✓Inherited trait
that is masked
by the dominant
trait.
 Word no. 5

-s -writer
GENOTYPE
 Genetic code of a
trait of an
individual.
* Expressed in
uppercase and
lowercase letters
Dominant: “RR” or “Bb”
Genotype
Recessive: “rr” or “bb”
 Genotype Homozygous
✓ Has two dominant or two recessive
traits.

TT tt
Genotype Heterozygous
✓ Has one dominant and one
recessive trait.

T t
 Word no. 6

-s, -re -te -writer

PHENOTYPE
Expression of
the genetic
code.
Phenotype
Mono hybrid Cross

one trait combine

Single characteristic
pairing
 Punnett Square
A chart that allows you
to determine the
possible genotypes
and phenotypes in an
offspring from their
parents.
 If tall is dominant
over short. Perform
a cross between
Catriona and Sam
who are both
heterozygous tall.
 Determine
A. How many offspring will be
tall?
B. How many offspring will be
short?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
 If tall is dominant
over short. Perform
a cross between
Catriona and Sam
who are both
heterozygous tall.
Heterozygous tall

x
Let’s begin!
1. Draw a 2x2 Punnett
square
2. Label the top of the squares
with 1 parent genotype.
T t
Catriona: Tt
3. Label the left side of the square
with the other parent genotype.
T t
Catriona: Tt T
Sam: Tt
t
4. Match the alleles together
using the boxes as guides.
Note:
T t
Capital letters T TT T t
first, followed
by lowercase t Tt tt
5. Count the number of each genotype
T t TT: 1
T TT Tt Tt: 2
t Tt tt tt: 1
6. Count the number of each phenotype.

T t Tall- TT, Tt
3 offspring
T TT Tt
Short- tt
t Tt tt 1 offspring
A. How many offspring will be tall?

T t Tall- TT, Tt
T TT Tt
3 Offspring
t Tt tt
B. How many offspring will be short?

T t Short- tt
T TT Tt
1 Offspring
t Tt tt
 C. Genotypic ratio
T t TT- 1
Tt- 2
T TT Tt tt- 1
t Tt tt 1:2:1
 D. Phenotypic ratio
T t Tall (TT, Tt) - 3
Short (tt) - 1
T TT Tt
t Tt tt 3:1
In pea plants, round seed (R)
is dominant over wrinkled
seed (r). Two heterozygous
round seed pea plants were
crossed.
 Determine
A. How many offspring will have round
seeds?
B. How many offspring will have wrinkled
seeds?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
In pea plants, round seed (R)
is dominant over wrinkled
seed (r). Two heterozygous
round seed pea plants were
crossed.
Heterozygous round
seed
Rr x Rr
Go!
1. Draw a 2x2 Punnett
square
2. Label the top of the squares
with 1 parent genotype.
R r
Parent A: Rr
3. Label the left side of the square
with the other parent genotype.
R r
Parent A: Rr
R
Parent B: Rr
r
4. Match the alleles together
using the boxes as guides.
Note: R r
Capital letters
first, followed
R RR Rr
by lowercase r Rr r r
5. Count the number of each
genotype
R r RR 1
R RR Rr Rr 2
r Rr rr rr 1
6. Calculate the genotypic ratio.

R r
Genotypic
R RR Rr Ratio
1:2:1
r Rr rr
7. Calculate the phenotypic ratio.

R r Round- RR, Rr
Wrinkled- rr
R RR Rr Phenotypic
r Rr rr Ratio
3 :1
A. How many offspring will have round
seeds?
R r Round- RR,
R RR Rr Rr
3 Offspring
r Rr rr
B. How many offspring will have wrinkled
seeds?
R r Wrinkled-
R RR Rr rr
1 Offspring
r Rr rr
 C. Genotypic ratio
R r RR- 1
Rr- 2
R RR Rr rr- 1
r Rr rr 1:2:1
 D. Phenotypic ratio
R r Round (RR, Rr) -
3
R RR Rr Wrinkled (rr) - 1
r Rr rr 3:1
Brown skin is dominant from fair
skin. Dad is homozygous
recessive
and mom is heterozygous. Use
“B” to
represent the trait.
Dad: Homozygous
Mom: Heterozygous
recessive
bb x Bb
Go!
1. Draw a 2x2 Punnett
square
2. Label the top of the squares
with 1 parent genotype.
b b
Dad: bb
3. Label the left side of the square
with the other parent genotype.
b b
Dad: bb
B
Mom: Bb
b
4. Match the alleles together
using the boxes as guides.
Note: b b
Capital letters
first, followed
B Bb Bb
by lowercase b bb bb
5. Count the number of each
genotype
b b Bb 2
B Bb Bb bb 2
b bb bb
6. Calculate the genotypic ratio.

b b Genotypic
B Bb Bb Ratio
2:2
b bb bb
7. Calculate the phenotypic ratio.

b b Brown- BB, Bb
Fair- bb
B Bb Bb Phenotypic
b bb bb Ratio
2:2
A heterozygous tall (Tt) pea plant
was crossed with a homozygous
short (tt) pea plant.
 Answers
A. How many offspring will be 2
tall? offsprings
2
B. How many offspring 2:2
will be offsprings
short? 2:2
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
 Determine
A. How many offspring will be tall?
B. How many offspring will be short?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
 Determine
A. How many offspring will have brown
skin?
B. How many offspring will have fair skin?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
 Determine
A. How many offspring will bear red
flowers?
B. How many offspring will have white
flowers?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
Plant A: Homozygous recessive
Plant B: Heterozygous
rr x Rr
Go!
 Answer
A. Two
How(2)
many offspring will bear red
offspring
flowers?
Two (2) offspring
B. 2:2
How many offspring will have white
flowers?
2:2
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
Bb bb
(Blue) (Brown)
 Determine
A. How many offspring will have Blue
eyes?
B. How many offspring will have brown
eyes?
C. Genotypic ratio
D. Phenotypic ratio
 Activity

Genetic
Mystery
 Directions
• The class will be divided into 5
groups.
• Each group will have a Mystery
Kit containing the following
materials; ✓ Marker
✓ Mystery Case
File ✓ Cut-out
✓ Cartolina Alleles
Directions
• The class will be given 5 mins to
complete the task provided in the
mystery case file.
• When the timer stops, the class
will share their output.
Directions
• 2 minutes will be allotted for the
presentation of each group.
• Each group will share their
Punnett Square and answers to
the questions on the worksheet.
 Big Question
How does the study of genetics
explain one’s uniqueness?
The world is DIVERSE.
Have you ever
experienced
comparing
yourself to
other people?
You are one of a
kind!
 Essential Question
What is the implication of using
Monohybrid Cross in studying
Genetics?
Gives us an idea about the chances
of inheriting traits from parents to
offspring.
Allows us to understand that the
world is DIVERSE.
 Activity
Message in a Bottle
 What to do?
For 2 minutes, write
in the bottle what
you’ve learned in
today’s lesson.
 Assignment
Brown skin is dominant from fair skin.
Dad is homozygous recessive and mom is
heterozygous. Use “B” to represent the
trait.
How many offspring will have brown skin?
How many offspring will have fair skin?
Determine Genotypic Ratio
Phenotypic Ratio
 references
• https://www.thetech.org/ask-a-
geneticist/articles/2007/why-is-it-that-some-alleles-
are-dominant-and-some-are-recessive
• https://www.genome.gov/genetics-
glossary/Recessive-Traits-Alleles
• https://www.warbyparker.com/learn/rarest-eye-color
• https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/trai
ts/handedness