21CSC205P – Database Management System

UNIT -1
1. Which of the following is NOT a limitation of the file processing system?
a. Data redundancy
b. Data inconsistency
c. High security
d. Lack of data sharing
Answer: c) High security
2. What is the primary purpose of a Database Management System (DBMS)?
a. Storing files efficiently
b. Reducing data redundancy and ensuring data integrity
c. Providing high-speed networking
d. Encrypting all user data
Answer: b) Reducing data redundancy and ensuring data integrity
3. Which component of a DBMS is responsible for query processing and optimization?
a. Storage Manager
b. Query Processor
c. Transaction Manager
d. Buffer Manager
Answer: b) Query Processor
4. The Three-Schema Architecture consists of which of the following layers?
a. Internal, Conceptual, External
b. Physical, Logical, Virtual
c. User, Application, Data
d. Front-end, Middle-tier, Back-end
Answer: a) Internal, Conceptual, External
5. What is the primary focus of a physical data model?
a) User interaction with data
b) Internal storage structures and access methods
c) Logical relationships between data entities
d) Defining business rules
Answer: b) Internal storage structures and access methods
6. Which of the following is an example of an implementation (representational) data
model?

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 1

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

a) ER Model
b) File System Model
c) Relational Model
d) Object-Oriented Model
Answer: c) Relational Model
7. The ER model is an example of which type of data model?
a) Physical Data Model
b) Logical Data Model
c) Implementation Data Model
d) Conceptual Data Model
Answer: d) Conceptual Data Model
8. Which of the following is NOT a component of an Entity-Relationship (ER) Model?
a. Entity Set
b. Relationship Set
c. Data Dictionary
d. Attributes
Answer: c) Data Dictionary
9. In an ER model, a weak entity set is identified by:
a. A primary key
b. A discriminator attribute
c. A foreign key and a primary key of a strong entity
d. Its own unique attributes
Answer: c) A foreign key and a primary key of a strong entity
10. What is the primary purpose of an ER model?
a) To define the physical storage structure of a database
b) To design a database at the conceptual level
c) To execute SQL queries
d) To manage transactions in a database
Answer: b) To design a database at the conceptual level
11. In an ER diagram, which component represents an entity?
a) Rectangle
b) Diamond
c) Oval

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 2

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

d) Line
Answer: a) Rectangle
12. Which of the following is an example of a weak entity?
a) Employee
b) Order
c) Payment
d) Dependent
Answer: d) Dependent
13. Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong entity?
a) It depends on another entity for its existence
b) It does not require a primary key
c) It has a primary key that uniquely identifies each instance
d) It is represented by a diamond in an ER diagram
Answer: c) It has a primary key that uniquely identifies each instance
14. Which type of attribute can have multiple values for a single entity?
a) Simple Attribute
b) Composite Attribute
c) Multivalued Attribute
d) Derived Attribute
Answer: c) Multivalued Attribute
15. In Chen ER notation, what type of line is used to represent a weak entity’s
relationship with a strong entity?
a) Solid line
b) Double line
c) Dashed line
d) Bold line
Answer: b) Double line

UNIT-2
16. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the relational model?
a) Tables (relations)
b) Hierarchical structure
c) Attributes (columns)

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 3

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

d) Tuples (rows)
Answer: b) Hierarchical structure
17. Which key uniquely identifies a tuple in a relational database?
a) Foreign Key
b) Candidate Key
c) Super Key
d) Primary Key
Answer: d) Primary Key
18. Which of the following best describes a primary key?
a) A key that uniquely identifies a record in a table
b) A key that allows NULL values
c) A key that creates redundancy in a table
d) A key used only for foreign references
Answer: a) A key that uniquely identifies a record in a table
19. If an entity has a composite attribute (e.g., Full Name = First Name + Last Name),
how is it represented in the relational model?
a) As a single column
b) As multiple columns for each sub-attribute
c) As a separate table
d) As a foreign key
Answer: b) As multiple columns for each sub-attribute
20. How are multi-valued attributes handled in the relational model?
a) By storing them as separate columns in the same table
b) By creating separate tables to store the multiple values, with foreign keys linking them
to the original table.
c) By using a composite key in the main table
d) By ignoring the attribute during conversion
Answer: b) By creating separate tables to store the multiple values, with foreign keys
linking them to the original table.
21. How are weak entities converted into the relational model?
a) By creating a separate table and assigning a primary key
b) By adding a foreign key referencing the owner entity and a partial key
c) By merging it with the owner entity

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 4

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

d) By creating a many-to-many relationship

Answer: b) By adding a foreign key referencing the owner entity and a partial key
22. What does the Selection (σ) operation do in Relational Algebra?
a) Selects specific columns
b) Selects specific rows
c) Combines two relations
d) Deletes tuples
Answer: b) Selects specific rows
23. Which operation in Relational Algebra is used to extract specific columns from a
table?
a) Selection (σ)
b) Projection (π)
c) Cartesian Product (×)
d) Join (⨝)
Answer: b) Projection (π)
24. What is the result of the Cartesian Product operation between two relations R(A, B)
and S(C, D)?
a) A single table with columns (A, B, C, D)
b) The intersection of R and S
c) A table containing only common values from R and S
d) None of the above
Answer: a) A single table with columns (A, B, C, D)
25. Which of the following is NOT a valid type of Join in Relational Algebra?
a) Natural Join
b) Outer Join
c) Theta Join
d) Distributed Join
Answer: d) Distributed Join
26. What is the main difference between Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus?
a) Relational Algebra is non-procedural, and Relational Calculus is procedural
b) Relational Algebra is procedural, and Relational Calculus is non-procedural
c) Both are procedural
d) Both are non-procedural

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 5

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

Answer: b) Relational Algebra is procedural, and Relational Calculus is non-procedural

27. In the domain relational calculus expression {<x,y> | ∃z (Employee(x,z,y) ∧ z >
50000)}, which of the following is correct?
a) x and y are free variables, z is a bound variable
b) x, y, and z are all bound variables
c) x, y, and z are all free variables
d) x and z are bound variables, y is a free variable
Answer: a) x and y are free variables, z is a bound variable
28. What is the purpose of the Existential Quantifier (∃) in Relational Calculus?
a) It specifies that a condition must hold for at least one tuple
b) It ensures a condition holds for all tuples
c) It eliminates duplicate tuples
d) It performs a join operation
Answer: a) It specifies that a condition must hold for at least one tuple
29. What does the following Tuple Relational Calculus query return?
{t ∣ t ∈ Student ∧ t[Age] > 18}
a) Students older than 18
b) Students younger than 18
c) All students
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Students older than 18
30. In Domain Relational Calculus (DRC), what does a domain variable represent?
a) A tuple from a relation
b) A specific value from an attribute’s domain
c) A function in the database
d) A relation name
Answer: b) A specific value from an attribute’s domain

8-Marks Questions
UNIT-1
1. Describe the purpose of a DBMS and its key functionalities.
2. Explain the Three-Schema Architecture of DBMS with a neat diagram.
3. Discuss different types of database users and their roles in a DBMS environment.

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 6

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

4. Differentiate between various types of attributes in an ER model with examples.

UNIT-2
1. Explain the Relational Model with an example. List its key characteristics.
2. Discuss different types of keys in the relational model and their significance.
3. Explain Selection (σ), Projection (π), Cartesian Product (×), and Join (⨝) operations
with examples.
4. Discuss the importance of Union, Intersection, and Set Difference operations in
Relational Algebra.

16-Marks Questions
UNIT-1
1. Explain the limitations of the file processing system in detail. How does a DBMS
overcome these limitations?
2. Explain the architecture of DBMS in detail.
3. Explain the concepts of entities, relationships, and attributes in the ER model.
4. Draw an ER diagram for a university database system with entities like Student, Course,
Instructor, and Department.
UNIT-2
5. Convert an ER diagram into a relational model.

6. Given Relations:
Student (Student_ID, Name, Age, Address)
Course (Course_ID, Title, Credits)
Instructor (Instructor_ID, Name, Department)
Enrolls (Student_ID, Course_ID) → (Represents students enrolled in courses)
Teaches (Instructor_ID, Course_ID) → (Represents instructors teaching courses)

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 7

 21CSC205P – Database Management System

Write Relational Algebra queries for:

a) Finding all students enrolled in a specific course.
b) Find the names of students who are NOT enrolled in any course.
c) Find the list of courses that have no students enrolled.
d) Find students enrolled in both ‘DBMS’ and ‘DAA’ courses.
e) Listing instructors who teach more than one course.
7. Explain Tuple Relational Calculus with suitable queries.
8. Explain Domain Relational Calculus with examples.

Prepared by SCSE, SRMIST, Ramapuram 8