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Unit 11 Notes Grdae 6

The document covers the period of the Pious Caliphs, detailing their significance, key events, and achievements, including the establishment of the Islamic calendar and the compilation of the Quran. It also discusses the emergence of Islam, the role of Prophet Muhammad, and the early spread of the religion through trade and conquests. Additionally, it highlights the social conditions of Pre-Islamic Arabia and the importance of the Farewell Sermon in promoting universal human rights.

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Nasira Rafique
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100 views3 pages

Unit 11 Notes Grdae 6

The document covers the period of the Pious Caliphs, detailing their significance, key events, and achievements, including the establishment of the Islamic calendar and the compilation of the Quran. It also discusses the emergence of Islam, the role of Prophet Muhammad, and the early spread of the religion through trade and conquests. Additionally, it highlights the social conditions of Pre-Islamic Arabia and the importance of the Farewell Sermon in promoting universal human rights.

Uploaded by

Nasira Rafique
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 11: The period of the Pious Caliphs

Q#1:Fill-in-the-Blanks:
1.The Pious Caliphs ruled after the death of Prophet _______.
2.The first Caliph of Islam was _______.
3.The Battle of _______ was fought during Abu Bakr's caliphate to suppress rebellion.
4.The Islamic calendar was introduced during the caliphate of _______.
5._______ was the third Caliph who was responsible for standardizing the Quran.
6.The period of the Pious Caliphs lasted from _______ to _______.
7.The _______ was a welfare institution introduced during Umar's reign.
8.Ali ibn Abi Talib fought the _______ during his rule.
9.The compilation of the Quran was initiated by _______ and completed by _______.
10.The Pious Caliphs ruled for approximately _______ years in total.
Q#2:True/False
1.The Pious Caliphs are also referred to as the Rashidun Caliphs. (_____)
2.Abu Bakr's caliphate lasted for ten years. (_____)
3.Umar ibn al-Khattab was known for his emphasis on justice and administration. (_____)
4.Uthman ibn Affan's rule was marked by complete peace and stability. (_____)
5.Ali ibn Abi Talib faced significant opposition during his caliphate. (_____)
6.The Quran was compiled into one book during the rule of Caliph Umar. (_____)
7.The Battle of Camel occurred during the caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib. (_____)
8.The Ridda Wars were fought to defend the Islamic state after Prophet Muhammad’s death. (_____)
9.The Pious Caliphs expanded the Islamic empire to regions including Persia and Byzantium. (_____)
10.The system of taxation under the Pious Caliphs was based on fairness and Islamic law. (_____)
Q#3: Short Questions:
1.Who were the Pious Caliphs, and what made their rule significant?
Answer: The Pious Caliphs were Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. Their rule was significant because they governed
according to the principles of Islam, ensuring justice, welfare, and the spread of Islam.
2.What were the main achievements of Abu Bakr’s caliphate?
Answer: Abu Bakr united the Arabian Peninsula, suppressed the Ridda Wars, and initiated the compilation of the
Quran to preserve its authenticity.
3.What administrative reforms were introduced by Umar ibn al-Khattab?
Answer: Umar established a tax system, welfare programs, and the Islamic calendar. He also improved governance
by appointing capable administrators and judges.
4.Why was the standardization of the Quran necessary?
Answer: As Islam spread, regional differences in Quranic recitation emerged. Uthman standardized the Quran to
ensure uniformity and avoid disputes.
5.What challenges did Ali ibn Abi Talib face during his rule?
Answer: Ali faced internal conflicts like the Battle of Camel and the Battle of Siffin, as well as political opposition from
figures like Muawiya.
6.What was the significance of the Ridda Wars?
Answer: The Ridda Wars were crucial for uniting Arabia under Islam after the Prophet’s death and ensuring the
survival of the Islamic state.
7.How did Umar expand the Islamic empire?
Answer: Umar expanded the Islamic empire by conquering regions like Persia, parts of Byzantium, and Egypt,
spreading Islam to new territories.
8.What was the Battle of Camel, and why did it occur?
Answer: The Battle of Camel occurred during Ali's caliphate due to disagreements over Uthman’s assassination and
governance, leading to a conflict between Ali and Aisha’s forces.
9.What welfare measures were introduced during the Pious Caliphate?
Answer: Welfare measures included pensions for the poor, stipends for widows and orphans, and a public treasury
system to support the needy.
10.What role did the Pious Caliphs play in spreading Islam?
Answer: The Pious Caliphs spread Islam through military conquests, diplomacy, and establishing just governance,
which attracted many to the faith

Unit 10: The coming of Islam


Q#1:Fill-in-the-Blanks:
1.Islam emerged in the __________ Peninsula in the 7th century.
2.The Prophet __________is considered the founder of Islam.
3.The holy book of Islam is called the __________.
4.The migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina is known as the __________.
5.Muslims pray __________ times a day as part of their religious duties.
6.The two main sects of Islam are __________ and __________.
7.The __________ is the house of worship for Muslims.
8.The spread of Islam was facilitated by __________, trade, and conquests.
9.The Islamic calendar begins in the year __________ AD, marking the Hijrah.
10.The __________ were early Muslim leaders who succeeded Prophet Muhammad.
Q#2:True/False
1:Islam spread to Europe during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad. (False)
2:The Kaaba in Mecca is the holiest site in Islam. (True)
3:The Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad in the 5th century. (False)
4:Muslims believe in prophets like Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. (True)
5:The Hijrah marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar. (True)
6:The term "Caliph" refers to a leader in Islam after Muhammad's death. (True)
7:The Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates played a key role in spreading Islam. (True)
8:Islam teaches belief in multiple gods. (False)
9:The Islamic Golden Age was characterized by advancements in science and culture. (True)
10:The Crusades were a series of campaigns initiated by Muslims to conquer Europe. (False)
Q#3: Short Questions:
1:Who was the founder of Islam?
Ans:The Prophet Muhammad.
2:What is the Hijrah, and why is it significant?
Ans:The Hijrah refers to Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina, marking the beginning of the Islamic
calendar.
3:Name the holy book of Islam.
Ans:The Quran.
4:What are the five pillars of Islam?
Ans:Faith (Shahada), Prayer (Salah), Charity (Zakat), Fasting (Sawm), and Pilgrimage (Hajj).
5:Which regions were among the first to embrace Islam outside Arabia?
Ans:Persia, North Africa, and parts of the Byzantine Empire.
6:Who were the caliphs, and what was their role?
Ans:Caliphs were leaders of the Muslim community after Muhammad's death, responsible for political and religious
guidance.
7:Explain the significance of the Kaaba.
Ans:The Kaaba in Mecca is considered the holiest site in Islam, and Muslims face it during prayers.
8:How did trade contribute to the spread of Islam?
Ans:Muslim traders carried their faith to new regions, including Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia.
9:What was the impact of the Islamic Golden Age?
And:It led to advancements in science, medicine, mathematics, and culture.
10:What are the two main sects of Islam?
Ans:Sunni and Shia.
1. What was the condition of Pre-Islamic Arabia?
Pre-Islamic Arabia was marked by social, economic, and moral decay, with idolatry, slavery, and oppression of
women prevalent.
2. Describe the revelation of the Holy Quran.
The Holy Quran was revealed to Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) through angel Gabriel over 23 years, providing
guidance on faith, morality, and daily life.
3. Describe the bond between Al Ansar and Al muhajirin.
Al Ansar and Al Muhajirin formed a strong bond through the Brotherhood Pact, with Al Ansar providing shelter and
support to Al Muhajirin.
4. What do you know about farewell sermon as a call for universal human rights?
The Farewell Sermon emphasized justice, equality, and compassion, calling for protection of human rights regardless
of race, color, or social status.
5. Why was the Last Holy prophet S.A.W persecuted?
Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was persecuted for his message of monotheism and call to abandon idolatry and
immoral practices, seen as a threat to pagan leaders’ power.
Objectives
1. The last holy prophet S.A.W was born into the tribe of Hashim tribe.
2. Hazrat Khadija R.A. become the first person to embrace Islam.
3. The first Masjid of Islam called Quba.
4. The migrants from Makkah as Al-Muhajirin and the residents of Yathrib as Al Ansar.
5. The Quraish of Makkah, distributed by the success of the Muslims, attacked Madinah in small groups and
Skirmishes.
6. The sermon provided unrivaled provisions of liberation to ensue the welfare of humanity, proving to be a code of
universal brotherhood based on respecting human dignity.
7. The last holy prophet S.A.W gave his final sermon in Makkah.
8. The Ansars readily obliged and even allowed their Muhajir brothers to inherit from them.
9. The last holy prophet S.A.W drew up the charter of Madinah in 622-624CE.
10. The last holy prophet S.A.W was raised for most of his childhood as an orphan under the care of his grandfather
Abdul.Muttlib, then later by his uncle, Abu Talib.
11. In 628 CE , 1400 Muslims travelled to Makkah fr performing Umrah.

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