Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and

Resources
Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

STARTING ACCURATELY (INTRODUCTION)

Lesson Introduction
Intellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the
creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the
use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.
Intellectual property rights are customarily divided into two main areas:
(i) Copyright and rights related to copyright; and
(ii) Industrial property.

Intended Outcome/Learning Objectives

1. Identified examples of Intellectual Property Rights in educational setting.
2. Defined the copyright laws.
3. Cited consequences when copyright laws were violated.

STIMULATING LEARNING (MOTIVATION)

Plagiarism.org reported that...
A survey of over 63,700 US undergraduate and 9,250 graduate
students over the course of three years (2002-2005)—conducted by
Donald McCabe, Rutgers University—revealing the following:
1. 36% of undegraduates admit to “paraphrasing/copying few sentences
from Internet source without footnoting it”
2. 24% of graduate students self report doing the same
3. 38% admit to “paraphrasing/copying few sentences from written source
without footnoting it”
4. 25% of graduate students self report doing the same
5. 14% of students admit to “fabricating/falsifying a bibliography”
6. 7% of graduate students self report doing the same
7. 7% self report copying materials “almost word for word from a written
source without citation”
8. 4% of graduate students self report doing the same
9. 7% self report “turning in work done by another”
10. 3% of graduate students self report doing the same
11. 3% report “obtaining paper from paper mill”
12. 12. 2% of graduate stiudents report doing so

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Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and
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Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

The Josephson Institute Center for Youth Ethics surveyed 43,000 high
school students in public and private schools and found that:
1. One out of three high school students admitted that they used the Internet
to plaqiarize an assignment
What do the survey data imply?

INCULCATING CONCEPTS (INPUT/LESSON PROPER)

Intellectual Property Right
Intellectual Property right [protection is important in fostering
innovation. Without protection of ideas, individuals will not be able to enjoy the
full benefit of their inventions and they would not be compensated for their
creations. This encourages innovation without the fear that a competitor will steal
thye idea and/or take the credit for it.
Intellectual property, according to World Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO), refers to creations of the mind such as inventions; literary and artistic
works; designs; and symbols, names and images used in commerce. An
intellectual property right is a right held by a person or by a company to have
exclusive rights over these. Internationally, these intellectual properties are
protected by the Wolrd Intellectual Property Organization to which the Philippines
is one of the 191 member states. In our country, we have the Intellectual
Property Office of the Philippine (IPOPHIL) which administers and implements
state policies in relation to intellectual property. This office was created through
Republic Act 8293. This act defines intellectual property to include copyright and
related rights; trademarks and service marks; geographic indications; industrial
designs; patents;layout designs (topographies) of integrated circuits; and
protection of undisclosed information. In the education setting, copyright and
related rights are the ones applicable.
Copyright
Copyright refers to the legal right given to the owner of the original work or
intellectual property. These “works” are original intellectual creations in the
literary and artistic domain protected from the moment of their cretion which
include the following:
1. Books, pamphlets, articles and other writings;
2. Periodicals and newspapers
3. Lecture, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral delivery,
whether or not reduced in writing or other material forms;
4. Letters

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Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and
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Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

5. Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions; choreographic works or

entertainment in dumb shows;
6. Musical compositions, with or without words;
7. Works of drawin, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving, lithography
or other works of art; models or designs for works of art;
8. Original ornamental designs or models for articles of manufacture,
whether or not registrable as an industrial design, and other works of
applied art;
9. Illustrations, maps, plans, sketches, charts and three-dimensional works
relative to geography, topography, architecture or science;
10. Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical character;
11. Photographic works including works produced by a process analogous to
photography; lantern slides;
12. Audiovisuals works and cinematographic works and works produced by a
pocess analogous to cinematography or any process for making audio-
visual recordins;
13. Pictorial illustrations and advertisements;
14. Computer programs; and
15. Other literacy, scholary, scientific and artistic works.
The internet is a very rich source of these materials and we should be
careful in using them. These works are protected by the sole fact of their creation,
irrespective of their form or mode of creation as well as their content, quality and
purpose. Now that copy and paste are very accessible commands in our
computer toolbars, we should try not to violate the copyright laws otherwise we
could be accused of copyright infringement. Copyright infringement is the use of
works without permission where the copyrightr holderf has the exclusive right to
reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make
derivative works. Proper citations should be used when including them in our
output.
Below are the guidelines on online use of copyrighted materials by
Smaldino, Lowther and Russel(2012):
1. Contrary to popular opinion, all materials on the internet is copyrighted
unless stated otherwise. It is copyrighted even if it does not display the
copyright symbol.
2. An email is an original work, fixed in a tangible medium of expression, that
is covered by copyright. Hence, it is recommended that you should not
forward any email without permission, in consideration of both copyright
and Privacy Act.
3. Downloading an article from a newspaper’s website, making copies and
distributing them to your students prior to a class discussion on the topic is

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Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and
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Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

permissible following the current photocpying guidelines which permits

making multiple copies for classroom use. The exception would be
individually bylined, copyrighted articles, or articles from a source
specifically designed for the educational market where such articles
cannot be copied legally for class dsitribution(adapted from Becker, 2003).
4. You cannot post students’ essays, poems, or other works on rhe school
website unless you have permission of the students and their parents or
guardians.
5. Educators should treat copyrighted material from the internet the same
way they do to print formats. The best guideline is to always obtain
permission. When in doubt, ask!

USING/APPLYING KNOWLEDGE (APPLICATION/INTEGRATION)

In the field...
Determine at least three popular cases of copyright infringements
in the Philippines.

EVALUATING UNDERSTANDING (ASSESSMENT)

In research...
Copyright infringement is punishable by law. Using the available resource
materials or interviewing a knowledgeable person such as lawyer, research for
the penalties on violations of the copyright law.

UPGRADING COMPETENCE (ENRICHMENT PHASE)

A. Expand Exploration
Copyright Infringement vs. Plagiarism
Another violation on intellectual property is plagiarism. Although plagiarism and
copyright infringement are related ideas, these two are different. Plagiarism
according to plagiarism.org is an act of fraud; it involves both stealing someone
else’s work and lying about it afterward. Plagirism.org further elaborates the
following as plagiarism:
1. Turning in someone else’s work as your own
2. Copyingwords or ideas from someone else without giving credit

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Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and
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Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

3. Failing to put a qoutation in qoutation marks

4. Giving incorrect information about the source of a qoutation
5. Changing words but copying the sentence structure of a source without
giving credit
6. Copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up the
majority of your work, whether you give credit or not(see our section on
“fair use” rules)
For images, videos and music, the following are counted as plagiarism:
1. Copying media (especially images) from other websites to paste them into
your own papers or websites.
2. Making a video using footage from others’ videos or using copyrighted
music as part of the soundtrack.
3. Performing another person’s copyrighted music (i.e., playing a cover)
4. Composing a piece of music that borrows heavily from another
composition
In other words, plagiarism refers to copying the work of another and
claiming it as one’s ideas or without proper attribution while copyright
infringement is copying one’s work without obtaining permission. In this sense,
copyright Infringement is a violation of the right of the holder while plagiarism is a
violation of the right of the author. We have to note that not all authors are
copyright holders; there are cases when the publisher owns the copyright. In
addition, copyright infringement is a legal violation while plagiarism is an ethical
violation.

B. Experience
Log in to a plagiarism checker app such as
https://www.plagiarismsoftware.net/ and check your classmate’s previously
submitted work. Let also your classmate check your own previously done write-
up and have it checked in his/her own plagiarism checker app.
C. Exchange
Share your findings in the above activity with your classmate. Listen also
to your classmate shere his/her report about your output if you committed
plagiarim or not.

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Module 7: Social, Ethical and Legal Responsibilities in the Use of Technology Tools and
Resources
Lesson 3: Intellectual property Rights on the Development and Use of Digital Materials

FOR YOUTO ANSWER…

EVALUATING UNDERSTANDING (ASSESSMENT)

A. Complete the simile below in 100 words. Follow the format: discuss, and
conclude.

Copyright infringemnet and plagiarism are like theft

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