PAKISTAN AIR FORCE

LESSON PLAN BASED ON 5E / 7E INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL

Rank: Lecturer in Mathematics Name: Mehak Sohail Branch/Trade: Unit: FCOE, (W) L
Subject: Mathematics Class: ICS -I Lesson No: 02 Duration: 45 mins No of Pages (LP): 05
TOPIC: PROBABILITY
Desired Learning Objectives (DLOs) Prior Knowledge of the Students:
At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to: The student is already familiar with the concept of:
Desired Learning Objectives (DLOs)  Fraction
At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:  Percentage
1. Compute sample space to identify events in (02) examples.  Set Theory
2. Calculate Probability of simple events within (03) mins.
3. Apply the law of addition of probability in (02) problems.
Training Aids / Materials required: White Board, Markers, Multimedia, Slide Changer, Cake Cutout, Text- Book, Work sheets.
TREATMENT / PROCEDURE / QUESTIONS / EXAMPLES
STAGE KEY WORDS BOARD SUMMARY
ACTIVITIES
Greeting the students by the teacher.
Activity # 1: Warmup Activity (whole class Participation)
Dynamics: Belated Birthday Candy Guess Allowed Time:4 -5 mins
 CHANCE The teacher will bring a small bag of red and green candies to class. Students will guess
 POSSIBILITY the color of a randomly picked candy before choosing one without looking. The teacher
 OUTCOMES will reveal the bag but won’t show the exact mix of colors.
ENGAGE

 PREDICTION To connect this activity to the new topic, the teacher will ask the following questions?
 Who got their favorite color candy?
 Is there a way to predict which color would have been selected?
 How can we use math to figure out the chances of getting a certain color?
Conclusion
1.

Student will discuss about possible chances of picking a certain colored candy and share
their observations from the ‘’Belated Birthday Candy Guess’’ experiment. Teacher will
summarize their ideas.
Teacher will introduce the topic with the help of student’s answers, show on slide the
ANNOUNCE related topic and write it on board as well.
 Let S be a sample space then the probability of occurrence of an event E is
PROBABILITY denoted by:
n(E) number of favourable ways of event E
P ( A )= =
n(S) Total number of ways
 Probability is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study a numerical chance of an events and their likelihood of
occurrence. Studying probability help students to analyzing and quantifying uncertainty.
RATIONALE It also has numerous real- world applications, enhancing critical thinking, problem solving, and data analysis skills.
Probability concepts are important in everyday life from weather forecasting and sports predictions to financial market and
medical diagnostics.

STAGE TREATMENT / PROCEDURE / QUESTIONS / EXAMPLES

KEY WORDS WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
ACTIVITIES (TPS)
 DLO1: At the end of this activity students will be able to compute sample space to
identify events in (02) examples.
Activity 1: Experimental Activity Allowed time 4-5mins
Dynamics:
Teacher will ask students if they have ever played Ludo, then divide the class into two
groups. She will distribute dice to each group and ask them to identify the possible
Sample Space = {1,2,3,4,5,6} outcomes of rolling a die. Each group will roll their dice and the instructor will record their
Group 1: responses on the whiteboard.
A= prime number of dots in first Group 1: A dice is rolled. Identify the possible outcomes and the subset of outcomes
throw where the top face displays a prime number or an odd number.
A= {2,3,5} Group 2: A dice is rolled. Identify the possible outcomes and the subset of outcomes
n( A) 3 where the top face displays an even number or an odd number.
P ( A )= = Conclusion: Students will be able to find all possible outcomes and identify the events.
n(S) 6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
B= odd number of dots in
DLO2: At the end of this activity students will be able to calculate Probability of simple
second throw.
events within (03) mins
B={1, 3 , 5 }
Activity 2: Hands on practice (Handouts, Chart paper, dice)
n (B) 3 Allowed time 2 – 3 mins
P ( B )=
EXPLORE

=
n( S ) 6 Dynamics: Teacher will ask the students about the probability of every number on the
P ( AUB )=P ( A ) + P ( B )−P( A ∩ B) dice then she will provide a chart paper on each group.
3 3 2 4 2 The teacher will instruct two group to work on separate probability tasks.
+ - = = Group 1: Calculate the probability of getting a prime number or an odd number.
6 6 6 6 3
Group 2: Find the probability of picking an even number and an odd number.
Group 2:
2.

Conclusion: Students will calculate the probability of simple events and write their
C = even number of dots in first
responses on chart paper.
throw
Instructor will note down the group’s responses on the white board.
C= {2,4,6}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
n (C) 3 DLO3: At the end of this activity students will apply the law of addition of probability in
P (C)= =
n(S) 6 (02) problems.
D = Odd number of dots in Activity 3: Allowed time 10-15mins
second throw. Dynamics: Teacher will ask the following questions before explaining the concept of
D={1 ,3 , 5 } Law of Addition.
n(B) 3  What is the difference between these two examples?
P ( D )= =
 Do these examples have any similarities? If so, what are they?
n(S) 6
P ( AUB )=P ( A ) + P ( B )  Are there any common outcomes between multiple events?
3 3 Teacher will encourage the student to choose the appropriate formula according to the
+ =1 given condition.
6 6 Conclusion: Student will apply addition rule of probability when multiple events are
given.
 DLO1: At the end of this activity students will be able to compute sample space to
ACTIVITY – I identify events in (02) examples.
 PARTICIPATE Activity 1: Experimental Activity
 GROUP WORK  Rolling Dice Outcomes Allowed time 2-3 mins
 QUESTIONS  Sample Space Dynamics:
 Events Teacher will ask students if they have ever played Ludo. Then she will divide the
 Law of Addition of Probability class into 2 groups. Distribute dice to groups of students and ask each group what
are the possible outcomes if they roll a dice.
Record their responses on white board and then instruct each group to roll the
ACTIVITY – 2 dice and record their results.
 CHART Group 1: A dice is rolled. Identify the possible outcomes and the subset of
 QUESTIONS outcomes where the top face displays a prime number or an odd number.
Group 2: A dice is rolled. Identify the possible outcomes and the subset of
outcomes where the top face displays an even number or an odd number.
Conclusion: Students will be able to find all possible outcomes and identify the
P( AUB)=P( A )+ P (B)−P (A ∩B) event.
(A and B are over lapping) Instructor will write their responses on the white board, and will use them to
explain the concept of sample space and events.

DLO2: At the end of this activity students will be able to calculate Probability of
ACTIVITY – 3 simple events.
 FORMULATE Activity 2: Hands on practice + Teaching others (Handouts, Chart paper, dice)
 SHOW Allowed time 03 – 04 mins
 EXPLAIN • P ( AUB )=P ( A ) + P ( B ) Dynamics: Teacher will ask the students about the probability of every number
EXPLAIN

 QUESTIONS on the dice then she will provide a chart paper on each group.
(A and B are disjoint)
The teacher will instruct two group to work on separate probability tasks.
Group 1: Calculate the probability of getting a prime number and an odd number.
Group 2: Find the probability of picking an even number and an odd number.
Conclusion: Students will calculate the probability of simple events and write
3.

their responses on chart paper.

Instructor will record the groups responses on the white board

DLO3: At the end of this activity students will apply the law of addition of
probability in (02) problems.
Activity 3: FORMULATE Allowed time 10-15 mins
Dynamics:
Teacher will encourage the student to choose the appropriate formula according
to the given condition.
Teacher will explain the concept of Law of Addition and guide students in applying
the correct formula by comparing and analyzing the group results.
Conclusion: Student will apply addition rule of probability when multiple events
STAGE TREATMENT / PROCEDURE / QUESTIONS / EXAMPLES
KEY WORDS WHITE BOARD SUMMARY
ACTIVITIES (Group Discussion/Demo)
ELABORATE

 EXTEND Teacher will extend the concept and will relate it with real life application. Ask a
 VIDE student for more related real-life examples. Teacher will summaries the lecture
 RECAP with the help of board summary and students’ responses.
1.
 Teacher will invite or ask students if they have any question if yes, she will
answer then the teacher will ask question from students to attain the
purpose of DLO’s.
DLO 1: Compute sample space to identify events at least two specific
events.
Question 1: Toss a fair coin two times. Compute possible outcomes and identify
that the events that the head at any flip or same faces appear in tossing a coin?
Ans: Determine the total number of outcomes
When a coin is tossed 2 times, each toss has 2 possible outcomes (heads or
tails).
Therefore, the total number of outcomes for 2 tosses is 22=4
{ HH , HT , TH ,TT }
Identify the favorable outcomes
5.EVALUATE

Let A represent head on any flip { HT , HH }

INVITE Let B represent same faces appear in two tosses { H H ,TT }

ASK DLO 2: Calculate Probability of simple events.

Question 2: Find the probability of favorable outcomes that the head appear on
the first toss or the same faces appear in two tosses?
1
Ans: P { A }=
4
2
P {B }=
4
DLO3: Apply appropriate formula for addition of probability.
Question 3: Find the probability of favorable outcomes that the head appear on
the first toss or the same faces appear in two tosses by applying appropriate
formula for addition of probability.
Ans: P { Aor B }=P( AUB)=P( A )+ P (B)−P (A ∩B)
1 2 1 2 1
+ - = =
4 4 4 4 2

Search at least 05 real life numerical problems related to Probability and apply Law of Addition to
solve the problems.
HOMEWORK Submission date: 27th Feb, 2025
Due: 26 -02- 25
EXTEND Submission day: Wednesday
Submission time: 9:00am
  Today we have learnt how we can find probability of favorable outcome if multiple events are given then how we
use appropriate formula of law of addition of probability.
 Tomorrow we will discuss multiplication of probabilities.
CLOSURE
Teacher will ask students to read the next topic “Multiplication of Probability” from book and search through
internet for discussion of the next lecture.

Video link
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability
 https://www.youtube.com/shorts/fZqliARbND0https://www.youtube.com/shorts/fZqliARbND0
Library / Internet Resources
 Math for class XI Punjab Text Book board
 Math for class XI KPK board.