VTAMPS 17 P1 Set 4

Logical Thinking
1. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the number filled in the
blank?
29, 26, 24, 21, 19, 16, ___, ...
2. According to the pattern below, what
should be the English alphabet letter filled
in the blank?
M, J, G, D, __, ...
3. If 7 days earlier was Friday, which day of
the week is today?
4. Jordan is 20 years old now, and Taylor was
14 years old 3 years ago. What is the sum
of their ages now?
5. In a line of 30 students from class 2B,
including Sarah, there are 18 students
standing in front of Sarah. How many
students are standing behind Sarah?
Arithmetic
6. What is the value of the 1-digit number B if
the equation below is correct?
𝐵 + 𝐵 − 𝐵 + 𝐵 = 14
7. Find the value of 15 + 18 + 21 + 25 −
10 − 13 − 16 − 20.
8. Find the value of 50 − 28 + 16.
9. Find the value of 42 + 59 + 34 + 63 + 27.
10. Find the value of 45 − 50 + 55 − 60 +
65 − 70 + 75 − 80 + 85 − 90 + 95.

Number Theory
11. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the number filled in the
blank?
8, 17, 26, 35, 44, 53, __, ...
12. Find the largest 2-digit even number less
than 80 whose unit digit is smaller than its
tens digit.
13. In a grocery store, there are two types of
juice packages: a large package containing
8 juice boxes and a small package
containing 5 juice boxes. Alex buys 3 large
packages and 7 small packages. There is
also a special offer where an extra juice box
is given for every combination of one large
package and one small package purchased
 together. How many juice boxes does Alex
get in total?
14. Which of the following numbers is the
greatest even number?
13, 22, 37, 44, 59, 68, 91
15. The numbers below form an arithmetic
sequence. What is the 15th number of this
sequence?
120, 115, 110, 105, 100, ...

Geometry
16. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the figure filled in the
blank?
★, △, ○, ◊, ◆, ★, △, ○, ◊, ◆, ★, △, ○, ◊, ◆,
★, △, __, ◆
17. At least how many square(s) can be seen if
viewing the figure from the top?

18. Refer to the figure below, how many

square(s) is/are there?
 19. How many dot(s) is/are there in the figure
below?

20. Refer to the figure below, how many line

segment(s) is/are there?

Combinatorics
21. According to the pattern shown below,
how many even numbers are there in the
 first 25 terms inclusive of the following
sequence?
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, ...
22. If we are choosing 4 digits, without
repetition, from 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 to form two
2-digit numbers, what is the maximum
possible value of their sum?
23. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many are 1-digit
numbers?
5 + 3, 10 − 6, 8 − 4, 7 + 2, 6 − 1, 4 + 4, 9
−7
24. Emily has 8 $1 coins. At most, how many $3
coins can she exchange these coins for?
25. Which number below is the smallest?
4032101, 4030210, 4023101, 4105623
 ANSWER KEY

Logical Thinking
1. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the number filled in the
blank?
29, 26, 24, 21, 19, 16, ___, ...
Answer: 14
Solution:
The pattern is decreasing by alternating
amounts: -4, -3, -2, -3, -2, and so on…
Following this pattern:
29 − 3 = 26
26 − 2 = 24
24 − 3 = 21
21 − 2 = 19
19 − 3 = 16
16 − 2 = 14
2. According to the pattern below, what
should be the English alphabet letter filled
in the blank?
M, J, G, D, __, ...
Answer: A
Solution:
The pattern in the given sequence of letters
is a decrease by 3 positions in the alphabet:
M → J (3 letters back)
 J → G (3 letters back)
G → D (3 letters back)
Following the same pattern:
D → A (3 letters back)
3. If 7 days earlier was Friday, which day of
the week is today?
Answer: Friday
Solution:
If 7 days earlier was Friday, today is also
Friday, because 7 days later brings you
back to the same day of the week.
4. Jordan is 20 years old now, and Taylor was
14 years old 3 years ago. What is the sum
of their ages now?
Answer: 37
Solution:
Jordan is currently 20 years old.
Since Taylor was 14 years old 3 years ago,
Taylor is now:
14 + 3 = 17 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑙𝑑
The sum of their ages is:
20 + 17 = 37
5. In a line of 30 students from class 2B,
including Sarah, there are 18 students
standing in front of Sarah. How many
students are standing behind Sarah?
Answer: 11
 Solution:
We can find the number of students behind
her by subtracting Sarah and the 18
students in front of her from the total:
30 − (18 + 1)
30 − 19 = 11
Arithmetic
6. What is the value of the 1-digit number B if
the equation below is correct?
𝐵 + 𝐵 − 𝐵 + 𝐵 = 14
Answer: 7
Solution:
The equation is:
𝐵 + 𝐵 − 𝐵 + 𝐵 = 14
Combine like terms:
(𝐵 + 𝐵 + 𝐵) − 𝐵 = 14
3𝐵 − 𝐵 = 14
2𝐵 = 14
Divide both sides by 2:
2𝐵 14
=
2 2
𝐵=7
7. Find the value of 15 + 18 + 21 + 25 −
10 − 13 − 16 − 20.
Answer: 20
Solution:
 (15 + 18 + 21 + 25) − (10 + 13 + 16
+ 20)
79 − 59 = 20
8. Find the value of 50 − 28 + 16.
Answer: 38
Solution:
(50 − 28) + 16
22 + 16 = 38
9. Find the value of 42 + 59 + 34 + 63 + 27.
Answer: 225
Solution:
(42 + 59) + (34 + 63) + 27
101 + 97 + 27 = 225
10. Find the value of 45 − 50 + 55 − 60 +
65 − 70 + 75 − 80 + 85 − 90 + 95.
Answer: 70
Solution:
45 + 55 + 65 + 75 + 85 + 95 − (50 + 60
+ 70 + 80 + 90
420 − 350 = 70

Number Theory
11. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the number filled in the
blank?
8, 17, 26, 35, 44, 53, __, ...
 Answer: 62
Solution:
The pattern in the sequence is an increase
of 9:
8 + 9 = 17
17 + 9 = 26
26 + 9 = 35
35 + 9 = 44
44 + 9 = 53
Following the same pattern:
53 + 9 = 62
12. Find the largest 2-digit even number less
than 80 whose unit digit is smaller than its
tens digit.
Answer: 76
Solution:
To find a number where the unit digit is
smaller than the tens digit, we can check:

78: Tens digit (7) is greater than unit digit

(8) → not valid
76: Tens digit (7) is greater than unit digit
(6) → valid
74: Tens digit (7) is greater than unit digit
(4) → valid
72: Tens digit (7) is greater than unit digit
(2) → valid
 70: Tens digit (7) is greater than unit digit
(0) → valid
13. In a grocery store, there are two types of
juice packages: a large package containing
8 juice boxes and a small package
containing 5 juice boxes. Alex buys 3 large
packages and 7 small packages. There is
also a special offer where an extra juice box
is given for every combination of one large
package and one small package purchased
together. How many juice boxes does Alex
get in total?
Answer: 62
Solution:
Alex buys 3 large packages:
3 × 8 = 24 𝑗𝑢𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠
Alex buys 7 small packages:
7 × 5 = 35 𝑗𝑢𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑏𝑜𝑥𝑒𝑠
Alex buys 3 large packages and 7 small
packages, so he can combine 3 pairs (one of
each) for the special offer: 3 extra juices
(one for each combination).
Total juice boxes:
24(𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠)
+ 35(𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠)
+ 3(𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑟𝑎) = 62
 14. Which of the following numbers is the
greatest even number?
13, 22, 37, 44, 59, 68, 91
Answer: 68
Solution:
The even numbers from the list are: 22, 44,
and 68.
Among these, the greatest even number is
68.
15. The numbers below form an arithmetic
sequence. What is the 15th number of this
sequence?
120, 115, 110, 105, 100, ...
Answer: 50
Solution:
120 + (15 − 1) × (−5)
120 + 14 × (−5)
120 − 70 = 50
Geometry
16. According to the pattern shown below,
what should be the figure filled in the
blank?
★, △, ○, ◊, ◆, ★, △, ○, ◊, ◆, ★, △, ○, ◊, ◆,
★, △, __, ◆
Answer: Circle
Solution:
 The pattern in the sequence is repeating
every five figures: ★, △, ○, ◊, ◆
Since the last figure before the blank is a △,
the next figure in the sequence would be ○.
17. At least how many square(s) can be seen if
viewing the figure from the top?

Answer: 8
Solution:
Viewing from the top,

18. Refer to the figure below, how many

square(s) is/are there?
 Answer: 20
Solution:
1x1: 14
2x2: 5
3x3: 1
14 + 5 + 1 = 20
19. How many dot(s) is/are there in the figure
below?

Answer: 56
Solution:
 Hence,
8 × 7 = 56
20. Refer to the figure below, how many line
segment(s) are there?

Answer: 9
Solution:
2 collinear points: 1 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 × 3 =
3 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
3 collinear points: 3 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 × 2 =
6 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
In total,
6+3=9

Combinatorics
21. According to the pattern shown below,
how many even numbers are there in the
first 25 terms inclusive of the following
sequence?
 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, ...
Answer: 12
Solution:
The pattern is odd then even.
25
= 12, 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 1
2
This means there are 12 even and 13 odds.
22. If we are choosing 4 digits, without
repetition, from 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 to form two
2-digit numbers, what is the maximum
possible value of their sum?
Answer: 168
Solution:
Form two 2-digit numbers:
95 + 73 = 168
23. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many are 1-digit
numbers?
5 + 3, 10 − 6, 8 − 4, 7 + 2, 6 − 1, 4 + 4, 9
−7
Answer: 7
Solution:
5+3=8
10 − 6 = 4
8−4=4
7+2=9
6−1=5
 4+4=8
9−7=2
All 7 expressions yield 1-digit numbers.
24. Emily has 8 $1 coins. At most, how many $3
coins can she exchange these coins for?
Answer: 2
Solution:
Emily has 8 $1 coins, so she has:
8 × 1 = 8 𝑑𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑠
Then,
8 ÷ 3 = 2, 𝑟2
25. Which number below is the smallest?
4032101, 4030210, 4023101, 4105623
Answer: 4023101
Solution:
4,023,101<4,030,210<4,032,101<4,105,
623