VTAMPS 17 P1 Set 2

Logical Thinking
1. In a leap year, how many month(s) have 30
days?
2. Sam is currently 30 years old, and Lily will
be 25 years old in 3 years. What is the age
difference between them?
3. If today is Wednesday, what day of the
week will it be 12 days from now?
4. Based on the sequence below, what
number should fill in the blank?
5, 14, 23, 32, __, ....
5. Based on the pattern shown below, what
should be the English letter filled in the
blank?
B, E, G, J, L, O, __, ....

Arithmetic
6. What is the 1-digit number B if the
equation below is correct?
37 − 𝐵 = 29
7. Find the value of 10 + 5 − 3.
 8. Find the value of 7 + 7 + 6 + 6 + 4 +
4 − 5 − 5 − 8.
9. Find the value of 25 + 18 + 30 + 12 +
14.
10. If C represents the same 1-digit number,
what is the value of C if the equation is
correct?
C 7
+ 5 C
1 1 2

Number Theory
11. Paul has 36 books, and Sarah has 12 books.
How many book(s) should Paul give Sarah
so that they will both have the same
number of books?
12. A big box of crayons contains 12 crayons,
and a small box contains 5 crayons. Every
time you buy 3 big boxes and 2 small boxes
together, you get 1 extra small box for free.
If Alex buys 6 big boxes and 4 small boxes,
how many crayons does he have in total?
13. Fill in the blanks with ‘+’ and ‘–’ to make
the equation below correct. (Write down
 the complete equation on the answer
sheet)
8__12__5__4 = 5
14. The numbers below form an arithmetic
sequence. What is the 5th number in the
sequence?
25, 19, 13, 7, ...
15. Among the values of the following
expressions, which one is the greatest even
number?
40 + 12, 40 − 5, 40 + 7, 40 − 9, 40
+ 15, 40 − 2

Geometry
16. According to the pattern shown below,
what is the figure in the space provided?

,…
17. It is shown that Figure 1 is formed by 8
cubes. How many cubes are there in Figure
2?

Figure 1 Figure 2
 18. Refer to the figure below, how many
square(s) is/are there?

19. How many side(s) is/are there in the

polygon below?

20. Refer to the figure below, how many line

segment(s) is/are there?

Combinatorics
21. Kate has 6 $1 bills and 8 $2 bills. What is
the maximum number of $10 bills she can
exchange these for?
22. Divide the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 into two
groups of three numbers and combine the
numbers in each group to form two 3-digit
odd numbers. What is the minimum value
of the difference between these two
numbers?
23. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many odd number(s)
is/are there, which are greater than 15?
8 + 6, 10 − 3, 20 + 7, 17 − 5, 13
+ 2, 22 − 8
24. Which number below is the smallest?
345678, 567890, 123456, 789012
25. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many even number(s)
is/are between 10 and 20?
12 − 5, 14 + 4, 15 − 3, 20 − 9, 18
− 7, 11 + 7
 ANSWER KEY

Logical Thinking
1. In a leap year, how many month(s) have 30
days?
Answer: 11
Solution:
All months that have 31 days technically
has 30 days.
2. Sam is currently 30 years old, and Lily will
be 25 years old in 3 years. What is the age
difference between them?
Answer: 8
Solution:
Sam: 30 years old
Lily’s current age,
25 − 3 = 22
Their age difference,
30 − 22 = 8 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠
3. If today is Wednesday, what day of the
week will it be 12 days from now?
Answer: Monday
Solution:
1 week = 7 days
12 days = 1 week and 5 days
5 days after Wednesday is Monday.
4. Based on the sequence below, what
number should fill in the blank?
5, 14, 23, 32, __, ....
Answer: 41
Solution:
Each number increases by 9,
5 + 9 = 14
14 + 9 = 23
23 + 9 = 32
32 + 9 = 41
5. Based on the pattern shown below, what
should be the English letter filled in the
blank?
B, E, G, J, L, O, __, ....
Answer: Q
Solution:
The pattern shows an increase in positions
of 3, 2, 3, 2, 3, and so on
Following this pattern, the next increase
should be by 2,
2: 5 (increase by 3)
5: 7 (increase by 2)
7: 10
10: 12
12: 15
15: 17
The 17th letter of the alphabet is Q.
Arithmetic
6. What is the 1-digit number B if the
equation below is correct?
37 − 𝐵 = 29
Answer: 8
Solution:
37 − 29 = 𝐵
𝐵=8
7. Find the value of 10 + 5 − 3.
Answer: 12
Solution:
(10 + 5) − 3
15 − 3 = 12
8. Find the value of 7 + 7 + 6 + 6 + 4 +
4 − 5 − 5 − 8.
Answer: 16
Solution:
(7 + 7 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4) − (5 + 5 + 8)
34 − 18 = 16
9. Find the value of 25 + 18 + 30 + 12 +
14.
Answer: 99
Solution:
(25 + 18) + (30 + 12) + 14
43 + 42 + 14
85 + 14 = 99
 10. If C represents the same 1-digit number,
what is the value of C if the equation is
correct?
C 7
+ 5 C
1 1 2
Answer: 5
Solution:
1
5 7
+ 5 5
1 1 2

Number Theory
11. Paul has 36 books, and Sarah has 12 books.
How many book(s) should Paul give Sarah
so that they will both have the same
number of books?
Answer: 12
Solution:
36 − 12 = 24
24 ÷ 2 = 12
12. A big box of crayons contains 12 crayons,
and a small box contains 5 crayons. Every
 time you buy 3 big boxes and 2 small boxes
together, you get 1 extra small box for free.
If Alex buys 6 big boxes and 4 small boxes,
how many crayons does he have in total?
Answer: 102
Solution:
Alex buys 6 big boxes,
12 × 6 = 72
And buys 4 small boxes,
5 × 4 = 20
Free boxes: Since Alex buys 6 big boxes and
4 small boxes (which is double the
required amount), he gets 2 free small
boxes,
5 × 2 = 10
In total,
72 + 20 + 10 = 102
13. Fill in the blanks with ‘+’ and ‘–’ to make
the equation below correct. (Write down
the complete equation on the answer
sheet)
8__12__5__4 = 5
Answer: 8 − 12 + 5 + 4 = 5
Solution:
Guess and check,
8 − 12 + 5 + 4 = 5
(8 + 5 + 4) − 12
 17 − 12 = 5, 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡
14. The numbers below form an arithmetic
sequence. What is the 5th number in the
sequence?
25, 19, 13, 7, ...
Answer: 1
Solution:
Each number decreases by 6,
25 − (6 + 6 + 6 + 6)
25 − 24 = 1
15. Among the values of the following
expressions, which one is the greatest even
number?
40 + 12, 40 − 5, 40 + 7, 40 − 9, 40
+ 15, 40 − 2
Answer: 52
Solution:
40 + 12 = 52 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
40 − 5 = 35
40 + 7 = 47
40 − 9 = 31
40 + 15 = 55
40 − 2 = 38 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
52 is greater than 38.

Geometry
16. According to the pattern shown below,
what is the figure in the space provided?

,…
Answer: Square
Solution:
The pattern goes hexagon, pentagon,
hexagon, square, hexagon, …
Therefore, next to the second hexagon of
the pattern is square.
17. It is shown that Figure 1 is formed by 8
cubes. How many cubes are there in Figure
2?

Figure 1 Figure 2
Answer: 24
Solution:
8 × 3 = 24
18. Refer to the figure below, how many
square(s) is/are there?
 Answer: 21
Solution:
1x1: 16
2x2: 4
3x3: 1
16 + 4 + 1 = 21
19. How many side(s) is/are there in the
polygon below?

Answer: 18
Solution:

Since this is symmetrical,

9 + 9 = 18
20. Refer to the figure below, how many line
segment(s) is/are there?
 Answer: 19
Solution:
2 collinear points: 1 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 × 1 =
1 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
3 collinear points: 3 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 × 4 =
12 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
4 collinear points: 6 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 × 1 =
6 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
In total,
1 + 12 + 6 = 19
Combinatorics
21. Kate has 6 $1 bills and 8 $2 bills. What is
the maximum number of $10 bills she can
exchange these for?
Answer: 2
Solution:
Kate has,
6×1=6
8 × 2 = 16
In total,
6 + 16 = 22
 Then,
22 ÷ 10 = 2, 𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 2
So, the maximum number of $10 bills she
can exchange is 2 with 2 dollars left over.
22. Divide the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 into two
groups of three numbers and combine the
numbers in each group to form two 3-digit
odd numbers. What is the minimum value
of the difference between these two
numbers?
Answer: 72
Solution:
Form odd number: The digits 3, 5, 9, must
be used as the last digits of the two
numbers.
Guess and check,
First group: 625
Second group: 589
Therefore,
625 − 589 = 36
23. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many odd number(s)
is/are there, which are greater than 15?
8 + 6, 10 − 3, 20 + 7, 17 − 5, 13
+ 2, 22 − 8
Answer: 1
Solution:
 8 + 6 = 14
10 − 3 = 7 𝑜𝑑𝑑
20 + 7 = 37 𝑜𝑑𝑑
17 − 5 = 12
13 + 2 = 15 𝑜𝑑𝑑
22 − 8 = 14
Odd numbers that are greater than 15: 37
only
24. Which number below is the smallest?
345678, 567890, 123456, 789012
Answer: 123456
Solution:
123,456<345,678<567,890<789,012
25. Among the values of the following
expressions, how many even number(s)
is/are between 10 and 20?
12 − 5, 14 + 4, 15 − 3, 20 − 9, 18
− 7, 11 + 7
Answer: 3
Solution:
12 − 5 = 7
14 + 4 = 18 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
15 − 3 = 12 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
20 − 9 = 11
18 − 7 = 11
11 + 7 = 18 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
Even numbers between 10 and 20: 12, 18,
18