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2d Shear Transformation

The document explains 2D shearing in computer graphics, detailing how to change the shape of an object in a two-dimensional plane through shearing in the X and Y directions. It provides equations for calculating new coordinates after applying shearing parameters, along with a practical problem involving a triangle to illustrate the process. The document concludes with the new coordinates of the triangle after applying shearing transformations in both directions.

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162 views7 pages

2d Shear Transformation

The document explains 2D shearing in computer graphics, detailing how to change the shape of an object in a two-dimensional plane through shearing in the X and Y directions. It provides equations for calculating new coordinates after applying shearing parameters, along with a practical problem involving a triangle to illustrate the process. The document concludes with the new coordinates of the triangle after applying shearing transformations in both directions.

Uploaded by

ahsanramzan70
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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2D Shearing in Computer Graphics-

In Computer graphics,
2D Shearing is an ideal technique to change the shape of an existing
object in a two dimensional plane.

In a two dimensional plane, the object size can be changed along X direction as well as
Y direction.
So, there are two versions of shearing-

1. Shearing in X direction
2. Shearing in Y direction

Consider a point object O has to be sheared in a 2D plane.

Let-
 Initial coordinates of the object O = (Xold, Yold)
 Shearing parameter towards X direction = Shx
 Shearing parameter towards Y direction = Shy
 New coordinates of the object O after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew)

Shearing in X Axis-

Shearing in X axis is achieved by using the following shearing equations-


 Xnew = Xold + Shx x Yold
 Ynew = Yold
In Matrix form, the above shearing equations may be represented as-

For homogeneous coordinates, the above shearing matrix may be represented as a 3 x


3 matrix as-

Shearing in Y Axis-

Shearing in Y axis is achieved by using the following shearing equations-


 Xnew = Xold
 Ynew = Yold + Shy x Xold

In Matrix form, the above shearing equations may be represented as-

For homogeneous coordinates, the above shearing matrix may be represented as a 3 x


3 matrix as-

PRACTICE PROBLEMS BASED ON 2D SHEARING IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS-


Problem-01:

Given a triangle with points (1, 1), (0, 0) and (1, 0). Apply shear parameter 2 on X axis
and 2 on Y axis and find out the new coordinates of the object.

Solution-

Given-
 Old corner coordinates of the triangle = A (1, 1), B(0, 0), C(1, 0)
 Shearing parameter towards X direction (Shx) = 2
 Shearing parameter towards Y direction (Shy) = 2

Shearing in X Axis-

For Coordinates A(1, 1)

Let the new coordinates of corner A after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold + Shx x Yold = 1 + 2 x 1 = 3
 Ynew = Yold = 1

Thus, New coordinates of corner A after shearing = (3, 1).

For Coordinates B(0, 0)

Let the new coordinates of corner B after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold + Shx x Yold = 0 + 2 x 0 = 0
 Ynew = Yold = 0

Thus, New coordinates of corner B after shearing = (0, 0).


For Coordinates C(1, 0)

Let the new coordinates of corner C after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold + Shx x Yold = 1 + 2 x 0 = 1
 Ynew = Yold = 0

Thus, New coordinates of corner C after shearing = (1, 0).


Thus, New coordinates of the triangle after shearing in X axis = A (3, 1), B(0, 0), C(1, 0).

Shearing in Y Axis-

For Coordinates A(1, 1)

Let the new coordinates of corner A after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold = 1
 Ynew = Yold + Shy x Xold = 1 + 2 x 1 = 3

Thus, New coordinates of corner A after shearing = (1, 3).

For Coordinates B(0, 0)

Let the new coordinates of corner B after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold = 0
 Ynew = Yold + Shy x Xold = 0 + 2 x 0 = 0

Thus, New coordinates of corner B after shearing = (0, 0).


For Coordinates C(1, 0)

Let the new coordinates of corner C after shearing = (Xnew, Ynew).

Applying the shearing equations, we have-


 Xnew = Xold = 1
 Ynew = Yold + Shy x Xold = 0 + 2 x 1 = 2

Thus, New coordinates of corner C after shearing = (1, 2).


Thus, New coordinates of the triangle after shearing in Y axis = A (1, 3), B(0, 0), C(1, 2).

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