SOLID STATE

Basics of Solid State

1. Number of Bravais lattice in 2 dimensions are :

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 5

2. Amorphous solids is -

(1) Solid substances in real sense (2) Liquid in real sense

(3) Supercooled liquids (4) Substances with definite M.P.

3. Which of the following are not properties of solid ?

(1) They have definite mass, volume and shape. (2) Intermolecular force are weak.

(3) Intermolecular distances are short. (4) They are incompresible and rigid.

4. Which of the following is not a crystalline solid ?

(1) Common salt (2) Sugar (3) Iron (4) Rubber

5. Which solid will have the weakest intermolecular forces :

(1) Ice (2) Phosphorus

(3) Naphthalene (4) Sodium fluoride

6. Amorphous solids :

(1) Possess sharp melting points

(2) Undergo clean cleavage when cut with knife

(3) Do not undergo clean cleavage when cut with knife

(4) Possess orderly arrangement over long distances

. KCI . Barium chloride dihydrate

. Rubber V. Solid cake left after distillation of coal tar

(1) , (2) , (3) , V (4) only

8. Which of the following are the correct axial distance and axial angles for rhombohedral
system?

(1) a = b = c, = = 900 (2) a = b c, = = = 900

(3) a b c, = = = 900 (4) a b c, 900

9. The crystal system of a compound with unit cell dimensions, a = 0.387 and b = 0.387 and c
= 0.504nm and = = 90º and = 120º is :

(1) Cubic (2) Hexagonal (3) Orthorhombic (4) Rhombohedral

Body Centered Cubic (BCC) & Simple Cubic

10. The number of close neighbour in a body centred cubic lattic of identical sphere is :

(1) 8 (2) 6 (3) 4 (4) 2

11. At room temperature, Polonium cryatsllises in Cubic primitive cell. If edge length is 3.0 Å,
calculate the theoretical density of Po.(Atomic wt of Po = 207g)

(1) 25/3 amu/ Å 3 (2) 23/3 amu/ Å 3

(3) 21/3 amu/ Å 3 (4) 27/3 amu/ Å 3

12. The vancant space in the bcc unit cell is :

(1) 32% (2) 23% (3) 26% (4) None of these

13. In a simple cubic cell, an atom at the corner contributes to the unit cell :

(1) 1 part (2) 1/2 part (3) 1/4 part (4) 1/8 part

14. Sodium metal crystalizes as a body centred cubic lattice with the cell edge 4.29 Å. What is
the radius of sodium atom :

(1) 1.857 × 10–8 cm (2) 2.371 × 10–7 cm (3) 3.817 × 10–8 cm (4) 9.312 × 10–7 cm
15. Potassium has a bcc structure with nearest neighbour distance 4.52 Å. Its atomic weight is
39. Its density (in kg m–3) will be :

(1) 454 (2) 804 (3) 852 (4) 908

16. The intermetallic compound LiAg crystallizes in cubic lattice in which both lithium and silver
have coordination number of eight. The crystal class is :

(1) Simple cubic (2) Body centred cubic (3) Face centred (4) None of these

17. A metal has bcc structure and the edge length of its unit cell is 3.04 Å. The volume of the
unit cell in cm3 will be

(1) 1.6 × 1021 cm3 (2) 2.81 × 10–23 cm3 (3) 6.02 × 10–23 cm3 (4) 6.6 × 10–24 cm3

Hexagonal Close Packing

18. What is the co-ordination number of an HCP unit cell :

(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 10 (4) 12

19. How many number of atoms are present in an HCP unit cell :

(1) 8 (2) 2 (3) 1 (4) 6

20. What is the co-ordination number of an atom in its own layer in closed pack arrangement :

(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 10 (4) 12

21. How many number of tetrahedral voids are present in an HCP unit cell :

(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 10 (4) 12

22. Fraction of empty space in ABAB type arrangement in 3D :

(1) 0.74 (2) 0.26 (3) 0.68 (4) 0.32

23. How many number of octahedral voids are present in an HCP unit cell :

(1) 4 (2) 6 (3) 10 (4) 12

24. The number of atoms in 100 g of an fcc crystal with density d = 10 g/cm 3 and cell edge equal
to 100 pm, is equal to :

(1) 4 × 1025 (2) 3 × 1025 (3) 2 × 1025 (4) 1 × 1025

25. In a face centered cubic unit cell, the contribution from the atom at the corner and face
centre of the cube are respectively :

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(1) , (2) , (3) , (4) ,
4 2 8 4 4 2 8 2

26. Which of the following shaded plane in fcc lattice contains arrangement of atoms as shown
by circles :

(1) (2) (3) (4)

27. The octahedral voids in a face-centred cubic (fcc or ccp) structure are located at

(1) at edge centres and 8 along diagonals (2) 12 at edge centres and one at a body
centre

(3) 8 along body diagonal and 6 at edge centres (4) All the edge centres only

28. Copper crystallises in a structure of face centerd cubic unit cell. The atomic radius of copper
is 1.28 Å. What is axial length on an edge of copper.

(1) 2.16 Å (2) 3.62 Å (3) 3.94 Å (4) 4.15 Å

29. In a face centerd lattice of X and Y, X atoms are present at the corners while Y atoms are at
face centers. Then the formula of the compound is :

(1) XY3 (2) X2Y3 (3) X3Y (4) XY

(1) PQ (2) PQ2 (3) P2Q (4) P3Q

31. Which one of the following schemes of ordering closed packed sheets of equal sized spheres
does not generate close packed lattice.

(1) ABCABC (2) ABACABAC (3) ABBAABBA (4) ABCBCABCBC

32. If 'Z' is the number of atoms in the unit cell that represents the closest packing sequence ....
A B C A B C .... the number of tetrahedral voids in the unit cell is equal to :

(1) Z (2) 2Z (3) Z/2 (4) Z/4

33. The number of octahedral voids in a unit cell of cubic closest packed structure is :

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 8

Void

34. A double triangular void surrounded by three spheres above and three spheres below is
called

(1) triangular void (2) tetrahedral void

(3) octahedral void (4) trigonal bipyramidal void

35. The void present in simple cubic crystal is :

(1) cubic (2) tetrahedral (3) octahedral (4) triangular

36. In a multi layered close-packed structure

(1) there are twice as many tetrahedral holes as there are close-packed atoms

(2) there are as many tetrahedral holes as there are closed packed atoms

(3) there are twice as many octahedral holes as there are close-packed atoms

(4) there are as many tetrahedral holes as there are octahedral holes
37. The coordination number of octahedral void is :
(1) 8 (2) 6 (3) 4 (4) 12
38. A double triangular void surrounded by three spheres above and three spheres below is
called

(1) triangular void (2) tetrahedral void

(3) octahedral void (4) trigonal bipyramidal void

39. In a closest packed lattice, the number of octahedral sites as compared to tetrahedral ones
will be :

(1) Equal (2) Half (3) Double (4) None of these

40. In a hypothetical solid C atoms form CCP lattice with A atoms occupying all the Tetrahedral
Voids and B atoms occupying all the octahedral voids.A and B atoms are of the appropriate
size such that there is no distortion in the CCP lattice.Now if a plane is cut(as shown) then
type of voids and their numbers whic are present at the cross section would be.

Plane

CCP unit cell

(1) O.V = 3, T.V. = 4 (2) O.V. = 2, T.V. = 4 (3) O.V. = 1, T.V. = 2 (4) O.V. = 0, T.V. = 4

Radius Ratio & Ionic Structure

41. The spinal structure (AB2O4) consists of an fcc array of O2– ions in which the :

(1) A cation occupies one-eighth of the tetrahedral holes and B cation occupies one-half of
octahedral holes
(2) A cation occupies one-fourth of the tetrahedral holes and the B cations the octahedral
holes
(3) A cation occupies one-eighth of the octahedral hole and the B cation the tetrahedral
holes
(4) A cation occupies one-fourth of the octahedral holes and the B cations the tetrahedral
holes
42. In sodium chloride, Cl– ions form ccp arrangement. Which site a Na+ ions will occupy in this
structure ?

(1) Cubic (2) Tetragonal

(3) Octahedral (4) Trigonal bipyramidal

43. The tetrahedral voids formed by ccp arrangement of Cl¯ ions in rock salt structure are

(1) Occupied by Na+ ions (2) Occupied by Cl¯ ions

(3) Occupied by either Na+ or CI¯ ions (4) Vacant

44. MgO exist in NaCl type lattice (rock salt structure). No. of nearest neighbour of Mg2+ ion are :

(1) 12 O–2 ions (2) 8 O–2 ions (3) 6 O–2 ions (4) 4 O–2 ions

45. Which one of the following statements is incorrect about Rock salt type ?

(1) It has fcc arrangment of Cl–

(2) Na+ and Cl– ions have a co-ordination number of 6 : 6

(3) A unit cell of NaCl consists of four NaCl units

(4) All halides of alkali metals have rock-salt type structure.

46. If the distance between Na+ and Cl– ions in NaCl crystal is 'a' pm, what is the length of the cell
edge ?

(1) 2a pm (2) a/2 pm (3) 4a pm (4) a/4 pm

47. In zinc blende structure the coordination number of Zn2+ ion is

(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 6 (4) 8

48. A solid AB has NaCl type structure. If the radius of the cation A is 100 pm, then the radius of
the anion B, using octarahedral dimension will be :

(1) 241 pm (2) 414 pm (3) 225 pm (4) 44.4 pm

49. In the crystal lattice of diamond, carbon atoms adopt :

(1) fcc arrangement along with occupancy of 50% tetrahedral holes

(2) fcc arrangement along with occupancy of 25% tetrahedral holes

(4) bcc arrangement

Crystal Defects and Properties of Solid & Thier Magnetic Behaviour

50. In NaCl & AgCl, rNa + rAg+ , so :

(1) NaCl has higher tendency to show Schottky defect than AgCl.

(2) NaCl has lower tendency to show Schottky defect than AgCl.

(3) NaCl has higher tendency to show Frenkel defect than AgCl.

(4) Both have equal tendency to show Frenkel defect and Schottky defect.

51. In the schottky defect

(1) cations are missing from the lattice sites and occupy the interstitial sites

(2) equal number of cations and anions are missing

(3) anions are missing and electrons are present their place

(4) equal number of extra cations and electrons are present in the interstitial sites.

52. In a solid lattice the cation has left a lattice site and is located at an interstitial position, the
lattice defect is

(1) Interstitial defect (2) Vacancy defect (3) Frenkel defect (4) Schottky defect

53. F-centres in an ionic crystal are

(1) lattice sites containing electrons (2) interstitial sites containing electrons

(3) lattice sites that are vacant (4) interstitial sites containing cations

54. As a result of schottky defect,

(1) there is no effect on the density (2) density of the crystal increases

(3) density of the crystal decreases (4) any of the above three can happen.
55 Which of the following statements are correct in context of point defects in a crystal ?

(1) AgCl has anion Frenkel defect and CaF2 has Schottky defects

(2) AgCl has cation Frenkel defects and CaF2 has anion Frenkel defects

(3) AgCl as well as CaF2 have anion Frenkel defects

(4) AgCl as well as CaF2 has Schottky defects

2. sol(3)

3.

Sol. Intermolecular force are strong.

4.

Sol. Due to rapid or suddenly cooling of the liquid generate the amorphous solid.

Rubber, Glass, Plastic, starch etc. are examples of amorphous solids.

5 sol(1)

6. sol(3)

7. Sol. KCl & BaCl2.2H2O are ionic solids and not pseudo solids (amorphous solids).

8 Sol. Refer Theory.

9.

Sol. For hexagonal unit cell a=b c; = = 90º ; = 120º.

10. sol(1)

11.

1 207 23
Sol. Density of P0 = = Amu / Å3
(3)
3
3

12.sol(1)

13. sol(4)

14. sol(1)

15. sol(4)
16. sol(2)

17. sol(2)

18. sol(4)

19. sol(4)

20. sol(2)

21. sol(4)

22.

Sol. P.F. of ABAB arrangement in 3D = 74%.

% of vacant space = 26% = 0.26.

23. sol(2)

24. sol(1)

25.

Sol. In a face centered cubic unit cell has 8 corners i.e.,

1
(i) Contribution from one corner lattice point = th.
8

(ii) Contribution from one face centered lattice point = 1/2.

26.Sol. The arrangement of sphere is shown by body diagonal plane.

27. sol(2)

28. Sol. 4r = a 2

4r 4 1.28
a= = Å = 3.62 Å
2 2

1
29. Sol. for X, 8 × =1
8

1
for Y, 6 ×
2

so AB3
30. sol(3)

31.

Sol. In ABB AABB A, there is no close packing as there are repeated planes adjacent to each
other.

32. sol(2)

33. sol(3)

34. sol(3)

35. sol(1)

36. Sol. No. of octahedral holes = No. of close packed atoms

& No. of Tetrahedral holes = 2× No. of close packed atoms.

37. sol(2)

38. sol(3)

39. sol(2)

C C C
A A
40. Sol. B B B → Octahedral void, at edge center & body
A A
C C C

center.

→ Tetrahedral voids on body diagonal.

41.

1 1
Sol. A→ ×8=1,B→4 = 2 and O2– = 4 so formula of spinal = AB2O4
8 2

42. sol(3)

43. Sol. In rock salt structure, Cl– forms fcc (ccp) lattice & Na+ occupies octahedral voids, So
tetrahedral voids are vacant.

. sol(3)

45. sol(4)
46. Sol. 2(Na+ + Cl–) = edge length

2a = edge length

47.

Sol. Coordination number of Zn2+ ion in Zinc blende = 4.

Zn2+ ion present in half of tetrahedral void formed by S2– in fcc unit cells.

48. sol(1)

49.

Sol. Only two tetrahedral holes are occupied in diamond.

50. sol(1)

51. Sol. Equal no. of Na+ & Cl– are missing completely,

Schottky defect.

52 sol(3)

53. sol(1)

54. sol(3)

55.

Sol. Since Ag+ (cation) is smaller than Cl– (anion) & hence cation is present in voids.

–
In CaF2 , Fanion is smaller.