1 .

Factorization -

FA+ > < US Expand -> x 2 S

Step 0 : FA common factor (a b)

+
>
(a+ b /4 (a b)5
+

e
g
. . 3x2 bxy +
+

3y2
-

fA3

Y&
-

(a +
bl =

c +

2ab +
b>
-

(a
-

b)
2
a2 - 2ab +
b Lol ! factorize
-

(a +

b)(a b) - =

a -
b

tinati
i Y
e8 .
. 9x +

24xy
+

16 y2
3 4
CrOSS
I By cal - and s
:

FMLA o
method 3 4 & 10 =

& 1 &
9 24 16 & Y El ,

=(3x +

4y) (3x +

4y)
Bx
= +

4y)
 4. POLYNOMIALS

4A.10 HKCEEMA 1997 I 1

Factorize
4 Polynomials (a) i1- - 9,
(b) ac+bc-ad-bd.

4A Factorization, H.C.F. and L.C.M. of polynomials 4A.ll HKCEE MA 2003 - I 3

4A.1 HKCEEMA 1980(1/1*/3) l 2 Factorize
Factorize (a) x'-(y-x)',
& & = & x 1
-

(b) ab-ad-bc+cd.
x2)
(a) a(3b-c)+c-3b,
(1+ x)4 (1

~
- -

(b) x"-1. ->DxY x2 (1 x4)"

2
=(1 x)2
-

2 =
. + -
-

& Be careful of (a2-b [1 + x) (1 xy][( x) (1 x2) 4A,12 HKCEEMA 2004 - I 6

4A.2 HKCEEMA 1981(2/3) 1 5
+ -
- +
- -

[1 2x x 1 x))[1 2x x 1 x] Factorize
Factorize (1 + x) 4 - (I-x2)2 .
+ + +
= + - + + -

2x)[2x (a) a'-ab+2a-2b,

-[2x 2)
(b) 169y-25,
+
+

4A.3 HKCEE MA 1983(A/B) -I - 1 =2[x x]2[x 1]

+ +

2x [x 1]2[x 1]
Factorise (x2+4x+4)-(y-1)2 .
= +

HKCEE MA 2005 -I 3
+

=
4 x [x+ 1]2 4A.13
Factorize
HKCEEMA 1984(A/B) 1-4
(a) 4x'-4;cy+y2,
4A.4
Factorize
---y(x
(a) i1-y+2xy+y,
+
2x +
14y(x 1) 2 y3 +
(b) 4x'-4;ry+y2-2x+y.

(b) x'y+2xy+y-y3.
y(x 1)2 2
4A.14 HKCEE MA 2007 1-3

y((x+1) yY
+
=

4A.5 HKCEE MA 1985(A/B) I- 1 Factorize -(a1 -51

: -
5

(a) Factorize a4 -16 and a3-8. (a) r2+10r+25, a ( 5)(r 5) ( 5)

(b) r2+10r+25-s2.
+ +
=
. +

(b) Find the L.C.M. of a4 - 16 and a 3 - 8. y)(x 1

y)(x 1
=

1+y))
+

( 512 3
-
+

b
(r 5 5)(r 5 3)
+ - =
. -
+
+ +

4A.6 HKCEE MA 1986(A/B) I 1 4A.15 HKCEEMA 2009 I 3

Factorize a)(x 3) (x 1) Factorize
+
-

(a) x'-2x-3,
( b) (a 2 +2a)2-2(a'+2a)-3.
i
<
<partia -3)(a2 +2 a +
1)2 (a) a2b+a b2 ,
(b) a'b+ab2 +7a+7b.
=(n 1)(n -
+
3)(a 1) +

4A.7 HKCEEMA 1987(A/B) l 1

4A.16 HKCEEMA2010-l-3
Factorize
(a) x2-2x+ 1, Factorize 61
-(a) 6
-
:

3
-

2
1=
xy2 (2y) x

(a) m + l2mn+36n , a (m+ 6n72

I
2 2
=

(b) x2-2x+l-4y. y2 (2 y, y 1
(b) m2 + 12mn+36n2 -25k2.
4 x
+ .
-
+
= +

> b (m+6n) 2- 25k2

4A.8 HKCEEMA 1993-l 2(e)
.

4A.17 HKCEE MA 2011 - I - 3

=(m 6n 5k) (m bn 5k)
Find the H.C.F. and L.C.M. of 6i1-y3 and 4x/z.
+ - + +

Factorize a+Oab-b Cal 1 -

:

4A.9 HKCEE MA 1995 1 l(b)

Find the H.C.F. of (x-1) 3 (x+5) and (x- 1) (x+5)3. 2
=
(a) 8Im -n ,
2 2

(b) 81m2 n2 +18m-2n.

-

-
a
2
-
b =

(9m -

n) (9m n) +

(9m + n)(9m-n) +
2 (9m n) -

19 20
=(9m +

n +

2) (9m n) -

Provided by dse.life
 ->(m=(m -n)(3m+2n)
-n) (3m+2n)
-
m +n

-
1 (m -

n)
I =( n) (3m+
-
2n
-

1)

Problems :

& H
Bm -n)"-2(3m -n) 3
-
3x
=

3(3 x)
-

=(3m -n) (3m -n 2) -

&
29x2 42xy 49y2
+
-

=>
I FMLA Ol
a =

9
b =
- 42
c =

49
=>
Ans =
71 3 12 = 3

& (3x 2) - -
& (3/FA2 ,
x

& +
-
-

-
& (3x-7)
"
x 2x +
1
=> FMLA Ol
Ans =

I
(x 1) - -
&;
& - +
-
 4 Polynomials 4A.22 HKDSEMA2014-J 2 4B Division algorithm, remainder theorem and
(a) ,i2-2a-3=(a-3 )(a+l) factor theorem
4A Factorization, H.C.F. and L.C.M. of 4A.12 HKCEEMA2004-I 6 (b) ab2 +b1 +a2 -2a -3 =b2 (a+ 1)+ (a 3)(a+ l)
= (a+b)(b1+a-3) 4B.1 HK.CEEMA 1980(1 */3)-I-13(a)
polynomials (a) a2 ab+2a- 2b =a(a b) +2(a b) = (a -b )(a+2)
(b) I69y -2s = (13y)2 -s2 = (13y- s)(13y+s)
2 5=f(1)=24a+b => a+b= 7
{

{::=�
4A.1 HKCEEMA 1980(1/1*/3)-I-2 4A.23 HKDSEMA ?015-1-4
(a) (i)
4=f(-2)= 8 2a+b => 2a-b=4
(a) a(3b c)+c 3b= (3b-c)(a-1) (a) x'+x2y 7x1=x2(x+y-7)
(b) x4 I=(x l)(x+l)(x2+1) 4A.13 HKCEE MA 2005 I 3 (b) x' +x1y-7x2 x-y+7 =x2(x+y-7) (x+y- 7) =>
(a) 4.\.1 4xy +y 2 =(2x y)1 =(x+y-7)(.i.2- 1) (ll) /(x)aO
4A.2 HKCEEMA 1981(2/3)-I-5 {b) 4x2-4xy+/-2x+y = (2x-y)1 -(2x-y) = (x+y- 7)(x- I)(x+ 1) 2x2-x 6=0
= (2x y)(2x-y l)
(1 +x)4 -(l -x2)2 = [(l +x2)j2-(I x2) 2 4A.24 HKDSEMA2016-I-4 (2x+3 )(x-2) =0 => x=-23 or2
= [(1 +x)2 - (1 -;r")][(J +x)2 + (1 -x2)] (a) 5m-10n=5(m 2n)
= (2x+2.r)(2+2x) = 4x (l +x)2 4A.14 HKCEEMA2007-T 3 4B.2 HKCEEMA 1981(2)-I-3and 1981(3)-1-2
(b) m2 +mn-6n1 = (m+3n)(m-2n)
(a) r'+ 10r+25 = (r+5)2 kaf(k) a (k+2)(k-3)+3
(c) ni1+mn 6n2 Sm+10n
4A.3 HKCEEMA 1983(A/B)-l-l (b) r'+ 10r+25 s2 = (r+5)2 s2 =(r+S s)(r+5+s) k=/,_1 -k 3
= (m+3n)(m-2n) - 5(m-2n) = (m- 2n)(m+3n 5)
(x2+4x+4) -(y- 1)2 = (x+2) 2 - (y-1)2 k2-2k 3=0
[(x+2) - (y- l)][(x+2) + (y - l)] 4A.15 HKCEE MA2009 I-3 4A.25 HKDSEMA2017 - I 3
(k-3)(k+1)=0 k=3or-l*
=( x y+3)(x+y+l) (a) -1.2 -4x)'+3y2 = (x 3y)(x y)
(a) a1b+ab2 =ab (a+b) 4B.3 HKCEEMA1984(A/B)-I-1
(bl a2b+ab 2 + 7a+ 7b = ab(a+b) +7(a+b) (b) .2--4xy+3y2+ 11x-33y = (x 3y)(x-y) + 11 (x 3y)
·: x-kisafactor
4A.4 HKCEEMA 1984(A/B)-I-4 = (a+ b)(ab+7) = (x 3y)(x-y+ 11) 3(k)2 k(k) 2=0 => k2=1 => k=±l
(a) x2y+2.cy+y y(x2+2x+ I)=y( x+ 1)2
(b) x2y+a)l+y f=y(x+1)2 y3 4A.26 HKDSEMA2018-I-5 4BA HKCEEMAI985(A!B)-I-4
==y[(x+1)1 -j) 4A.16 HKCEEMA ?QJO-T-3 (a) 9r3-I8r2s=9r2 (r 2s)
=y(x+I y)(x+ l+J) (a) 1!? +12mn+36n2 =(m+6n) 2 (b) 9? 18?-s-r? +2s3 = 9r'(r-2s)-s1(r-2s)
0=f(l)=a+b l => a+b=l {a-3
{
(bl m2 + 12m.n+36n1-25k1 = (m+6n)2 (5k)1 = (r - 2s) (9r2 -.�2) 4=f(-l)=a b-l => a-b=5 => b=-2
4A.5 HKCEEMA l985(A/B)-I- l = (m+6n-5k)(m+6n+5k) (r 2s){3 r-s)(3r+s)
4B.S HKCEE MA I987(A/B)- I - 2
(a) a4 -16=(a 2)(a+2)(a2 +4)
a3 8 = (a - 2)(a2 +2a+4) 4A.27 HKDSEMA 2019 T-4 2(2)3 +a(2) 2+b(2) -2 = 0
4A.17 HKCEEMA201l-T-3 {
(b) L.C.M. = (a -2)(a+2)(a2 +4)(a2 +2a+4) (a) 4m2-9=(2m- 3) (2m+3) 2( 1)3 + a(-1)2 +b(-1)-2= 0
(a) 8Jm2 n2 =(9m-n)(9m+n)
(b) 2m2 n+7mn-15n=n(2m2 +7m-5) =1(
1 2m-3)(m+5) 4a+2b= 14 => a= l
(b) 8!m2 n2 + 18m 2n = (9m-n)(9m+n)+2(9 m-n) c> { {
4A.6 HKCEEMA1986(A/B)-I-l (c) 4m2 -9 2m2 n 7mn+15n
={9m n)(9m+n+2) a-b=4 b= 5
= (2m-3)(2m+3)-n(2m-3)(m+5)
(a) x2-2x-3=(x 3)(x+l)
= (2m 3)[(2m+3)-n{m+5)]
(b) (a2+2a)2 -2(a2 +2a)-3 4B.6 HKCEEMA 1989 I-3
4A.18 HKDSEMA SP-I - 3 = (2m-3)(2m-mn-5n+3)
= [(a2+2a)- 3][(a2+2a) + 1] (a+3)(a-1)(a+ 1)2 (a) (-1)4 +(-1)3 -8( l)+k=O => k=-8
(a) 3m2 mn-2n2 =(3m+2n)(m-n) 4A.28 HKDSE MA 2020 - I - 2 (b) x4+x3-&x+k=x4+x3 8x-8
4A.7 HKCEEMA1987(A/B)-I-1 (h) 3m1 -mn 2n 2 m+n = (3m+2n)(m-n) (m -n) =x-'(x+l)-8(x+I)
(a) x2-2x+ J = (x-l)2
= (m-n)(3m+2n-1) 2a
a2 +a 6 = (a+3)(a 2) a(x+I)(x' 8 )
(b) x2-2t+I 4y2 =(x-1)2 -(2y)2
= (x+ l)(x-2)(.t2+2x+4)
= (x 1 2y)(x-1+2y) 4A.19 HKDSEMAPP-I-3 b 4B.7 HKCEEMA 1 990-I-7
a4 +a3 -6a2 =a2 (a2 +a-6)
(a) 9..2- -42xy+49/- = (3x-7y)
1
(a) Remainder =(-1) 1000 +6=7
4A.8 HKCEEMA f993-1-2(e) (b) 9-1. 2-4h-y +49y2-6x+ 14y =(3x- 7y) 2 -2(3x 7y ) aa'(a+3)(a-2) (b) (i) By (a), the remainder when (8)1000 + 6 is divided by
H.CF. = 2x),2. L.CM. = 12x2Tz = (3x 7y){3x-7y-2) (8)+1=9is7.
(ii) Remainder=7-6= J

4A.9 HKCEEMA 1995-1-l(b) 4A.20 HKDSEMA2012 I-3 4B.8 HKCEE MA 1990 - I-11
(a) x2-6xy+9y1={x 3y)2 (a) (1) S=2'11:r2+2'11:rh
H.C F. = (x- I)2(x+5)
(b) x2 6xy+9y1 + 7x-21y= (x 3y)2 + 7(x-3y) (ii) V=n?-h => h=�
= (x-3y)(x-3y+7) rrr
4A.10 HK.CEEMA 1997-1-1 :. S=271:r2+2'11:r(_l'.,,) =271:r'+�
(a) x2 9 = (x-3)(x+3) Sr c
(b) ac+bc ad-bd = c(a+b) d(a+b) = (a+b)(c-d) 4A.21 HKDSE MA 2013 - I - 3 2(271:)
(b) 6'11: = 271:r' +
(a) 4,n2-25n2 = (2m Sn)(2m+5n)
(b) 4m2 -2sn2+6m 15n 3r=r3+2 => ?-3r+2=0
4A.ll HKCEEMA2003 - I 3
= (2m-5n)(2m+5n) +3(2m-5n) Since (1)3-3(1)+2= 0, r-1 isa factor.
(a) x2- (y x)1 = [x- (y x)J[x+ 6•-x)] =y(2x y) :. r3 3r+2=(r-1)(r'+r-2)= 0
(b) ab ad-bc+cd =a(b-d)- c(b d) = (b-d)(a-c)
= {2m-5n)(2m+5n+3)
(r 1)(r+2)(r- l) = 0
r = -2 (rej.) or 1

279 280