Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Electrical Circuit 2 Lab

*Student Name:
Mohand Adel

*ID: 22220127 *Date: 19/12/2024 *Day:

**Objectives:
Study the characteristics of passive filters by obtaining the frequency response of: obtaining the frequency
response of low pass RL filter and high pass RC filter

**Theory:

The impedance of an inductor is proportional to frequency and the impedance of a capacitor is inversely
proportional to frequency these property used to select or reject certain frequency this process is called
filtering and the circuits which have this is called a filter

We will dialed with two kind of filters:

-High-pass filter: a filter passes high frequencies and rejects low frequencies

-Low-pass filter: a filter passes low frequencies and rejects high frequencies

A frequency is considered passed if it's magnitude within 70% (1/2^(1/2)) of the max amplitude passed
& rejected otherwise (which called the corner frequency, cut-off frequency , half power frequency).

The cut-off frequency determined as the equations:

For RC filter: fc=1/(2𝜋RC)

For RL filter fc= R / (2𝜋L)

*The laws of HPF-RC circuit:

-Voltage gain: Vo/Vi = R / (R + I/jwC)

-Forced response: I = V / (R+ 1/jwC)

Here the amplitude of the current is directly related to the amplitude of the forcing function and its
increase as C or w increase but decrease when R increase

In capacitance, the current lead the voltage by 90

*the law of LPF-RL circuit: -

Voltage gain: Vo/Vi = R / (R +jwL )

*the law of LPH-RL circuit:

- Forced response: I = V / (R+jwL)

The amplitude of the current directly related to the amplitude of the forcing function and it decreased as
R L w increase

In inductor, the current lag the voltage by 90

**Equipment:

Matlab Simulink

**Procedure:

*PART 1:

• Use library to connect the circuit as shown in the figure below

• Use the AC source to generate a sinusoidal wave of 1 Vpk & 500 Hz 0 deg.

• Provide c=0.47 Uf and R=200 Ω.

• Fix the component as shown in the figure:

2.

• Change the amplitude of the signal by its controller until the needed value (2 Vp-p). hange the
value of the frequency ( by adding 500 Hz every time) and full the data in the table:

Frequency (Hz) VR (v) Distance(us) Θ

500 0.566 1918.11 345.26

1000 1.017 861.04 309.97

1500 1.326 499.01 269.46

2000 1.526 323.06 232.61

2500 1.656 224.30 201.87

3000 1.742 163.83 176.94

4000 1.842 97.45 140.33

4500 1.872 78.26 126.77

5000 1.894 64.15 115.46

Note: Θ will be decreasing as the frequency increasing.

*PART 2:

1-connect the circuit as shown in the figure below

2-
1. Change the amplitude of the signal by its controller until the needed value (2 Vp-p).
2. Change the value of the frequency (by adding 500 Hz every time) and full the data in the table.

3. Determine the value of the phase as in the calculation part

Frequency (Hz) VR (v) Distance(us) Θ

1000 1.017 861.04 309.97

1500 1.326 499.01 269.46

2000 1.526 323.06 232.61

2500 1.656 224.30 201.87

3000 1.742 163.83 176.94

3500 1.800 124.42 156.77

4000 1.842 97.45 140.33

4500 1.872 78.26 126.77

1. Use impedance measurement to obtain frequency characteristic of parallel RLC circuit (L=0.1
mH, C= 10 µF).
2. Select R= 1KΩ, 10 KΩ, &50 KΩ

3. Repeat 1 for series RLC circuit

4. Obtain Transfer Function of the following RLC circuit, (L=0.1 mH, C= 10 µF, & R= 1KΩ)
5. then Frequency Response Characteristics by using Matlab command >>bode (num,den); where
num are coefficients of the numerator, and den are coefficients of the denominator of the
transfer function, written in vector form.
Conclusion:

Simple RC circuit the amplitude of the current is directly related to the amplitude of the forcing function
and its increase as C or w increase but decrease when R increase so that it works as passive filter.
Additionally low pass, high pass, band pass, and band reject passive filters can be implemented by using
RLC circuit.