BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S

SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

Name SOHAM MANISH PARIKH

UID no. 2023300160

Experiment No. 3

AIM: Wireshark Lab: HTTP

The Basic HTTP GET/response interaction

PROBLEM: 1.)Is your browser running HTTP version 1.0 or 1.1? What version of
HTTP is the server running?
The browser is running HTTP/1.1, as indicated by the request line GET /
HTTP/1.1. The server is also using HTTP/1.1, as shown in the response
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content.

2.)What languages (if any) does your browser indicate that it can
accept to the server? In the captured session, what other information
(if any) does the browser provide the server with regarding the
user/browser?
The browser does not explicitly specify any preferred languages to the
server, as seen in the Accept: * header. Additionally, the browser
provides other information to the server, including the Host
(connection-check.ubuntu.com) and the Connection status
(close).

3.)What is the IP address of your computer? Of the gaia.cs.umass.edu ​

server?
The IP address of the user's computer is 10.10.60.144, as observed in the
source IP field of the packet capture. The IP address of the server being
accessed, which in this case is not gaia.cs.umass.edu but another
server, is 91.189.91.96, as shown in the destination IP field.

4.) What is the status code returned from the server to your browser?
The status code returned from the server to the browser is 204 No Content,
which means the request was successful, but the server did not return any
content in response.
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

5.)When was the HTML file that you are retrieving last modified at the
server?
The Last-Modified date of the retrieved HTML file is not available in this
session because the response from the server is 204 No Content, which
typically does not include a last-modified timestamp.

6.)How many bytes of content are being returned to your browser?

The total number of bytes of content returned to the browser is 0 bytes,
since a 204 No Content response indicates that no actual content was
sent by the server.

7.)By inspecting the raw data in the "packet bytes" pane, do you see
any http headers within the data that are not displayed in the "packet
details" pane? If so, name one.
By inspecting the raw data in the "packet bytes" pane, an HTTP header that
is visible in the raw data but may not be fully displayed in the "packet
details" pane is Connection: close.

SCREENSHOT:

The HTTP CONDITIONAL GET/response interaction

PROBLEM: 8.)Inspect the contents of the first HTTP GET request from your
browser to the server. Do you see an “IF-MODIFIED-SINCE” line in
the HTTP GET?
There is no "If-Modified-Since" line in the first HTTP GET
request. This is because the browser is requesting the resource for the first
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

time and does not yet have a cached version to compare.

9.)Inspect the contents of the server response. Did the server explicitly
return the contents of the file? How can you tell?
The server explicitly returned the contents of the file, as indicated by the
HTTP/1.1 200 OK status code.
Additionally, the response includes a content type (text/plain or
text/html) and a non-zero content length, showing that the file contents
were included in the response.

10.)Now inspect the contents of the second HTTP GET request from
your browser to the server. Do you see an “IF-MODIFIED-SINCE:”
line in the HTTP GET? If so, what information follows the
“IF-MODIFIED-SINCE:” header?

●​ The second HTTP GET request does contain an

"If-Modified-Since:" header.
●​ This header is used by the browser to check if the file has been
updated since the last retrieval. The exact timestamp following
"If-Modified-Since:" can be found in the request details,
but it represents the last known modification date of the cached file.

11.)What is the HTTP status code and phrase returned from the server
in response to this second HTTP GET? Did the server explicitly return
the contents of the file? Explain.

●​ The HTTP status code returned is 304 Not Modified.

●​ The server did not explicitly return the contents of the file
because the 304 Not Modified status tells the browser that the
cached version is still valid.
●​ The lack of a response body and the presence of this status code
indicate that the browser should continue using its cached copy
instead of downloading the file again.
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

SCREENSHOT:

Retrieving Long Documents

 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

PROBLEM: 12.)How many HTTP GET request messages were sent by your
browser?
The first HTTP GET request does not contain an "IF-MODIFIED-SINCE"
line. This indicates that the browser is requesting the resource from the
server without providing a conditional request based on the last
modification date of the file.The browser sent multiple HTTP GET
requests, as seen in the captured network traffic. Each request corresponds
to a separate resource being fetched from the server.

13.)How many data-containing TCP segments were needed to carry the

single HTTP response?
The number of TCP segments required to carry a single HTTP response
depends on the response size and the Maximum Segment Size (MSS) of the
TCP connection. In the provided capture, multiple TCP segments were used
to transmit the HTTP response due to the response size exceeding a single
segment.

14.)What is the status code and phrase associated with the response to
the HTTP GET request?
The HTTP response status code is "200 OK", which indicates that the
request was successfully processed, and the server returned the requested
content.

15.)Is there any HTTP header information in the transmitted data

associated with TCP segmentation?
Yes, HTTP header information is present in the transmitted data associated
with TCP segmentation. The initial TCP segments typically contain HTTP
headers, including status codes and metadata, while subsequent segments
carry the actual content of the response.
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

SCREENSHOT:

HTML Documents with Embedded Objects

PROBLEM: 16.)How many HTTP GET request messages were sent by your
browser? To which Internet addresses were these GET requests sent?

The browser sent three HTTP GET requests, as seen in the packet list.
These requests were sent to the IP addresses 128.119.245.12 and
91.189.91.48.

17.)Can you tell whether your browser downloaded the two images
serially, or whether they were downloaded from the two web sites in
parallel? Explain.
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

The images were likely downloaded serially since the GET request for
pearson.png appears only after the response for the HTML file was
received. If they were downloaded in parallel, their requests would have
been closer in the timeline.

SCREENSHOT:

HTTP Authentication

PROBLEM: 18.)What is the server’s response (status code and phrase) in response
to the initial HTTP GET message from your browser?

The server’s response to the initial HTTP GET request is 401

Unauthorized, meaning authentication is required to access the requested
resource.

19.)When your browser sends the HTTP GET message for the second
time, what new field is included in the HTTP GET message?

When the browser sends the HTTP GET request again, it includes an
Authorization field containing user credentials for authentication.
 BHARATIYA VIDYA BHAVAN’S
SARDAR PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Bhavan’s Campus, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058-India
Department of Computer Engineering

SCREENSHOT: