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Array in C with its types and examples

An array in C is a collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory locations. Arrays can be one-dimensional or multi-dimensional, with examples provided for both types, including syntax for declaration and initialization. Advantages of arrays include ease of access and sorting, while disadvantages include fixed size and potential memory wastage.

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4 views

Array in C with its types and examples

An array in C is a collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory locations. Arrays can be one-dimensional or multi-dimensional, with examples provided for both types, including syntax for declaration and initialization. Advantages of arrays include ease of access and sorting, while disadvantages include fixed size and potential memory wastage.

Uploaded by

kalapeela04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Array in C with its types and examples

An array in C is a collection of elements having the same data type. It also


defines the continuous memory location of the variable and which can be
referred to as a single variable.

Declaration of an Array
type variable_name[];

In the above example, type denotes the data type of the array and
variable_name denotes the name of the array.

Examples of some basic Array of specific data type


int a[10];
float a[20];
double a[20];
char a[20];

How to declare and Initialize an Array in C


int a[5]={8,56,34,57,78};
int a[]= {3,5,6,8,9};
float a[]={13.5,23.7,45.12,-34.4,-12.8};
Some Important points about array by taking the above
example
 All array elements would be present in contiguous memory
Locations.
 4 bytes for the integer variable. If an array has 6 elements then it
consumes total of 24 bytes of memory.
 Arrays indexing always starts from a[0].
 Each array occupies indexes from a[0] to a[5].
Advantage of C Array in C Program
1) Code Optimization: Data can be accessed with very less code.
2) Ease of traversing: Traversing of an Array is very easy with for loop.
3) Ease of sorting: We can easily sort Array elements.
4) Random Access: Also we can access elements randomly.
5) Data Structure Implementation: Array helps to implement
various data structures like linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, etc.
6) Matrix Representation: With the help of 2 Array, Matrix can be
represented.

Disadvantage of C Array
1). Time complexity: In insertion and deletion operations, Time
complexity increases.
2). Memory Wastage: Because arrays are fixed in size so if no
elements in an array, still it consumes all spaces.
3). Fixed In Size: Once you had declared the size of an array, it is not
possible to increase it.
Array example in C
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=0;
int marks[4];
marks[0]=60;
marks[1]=10;
marks[2]=44;
marks[3]=8;
for(a=0;a<4;a++){
printf("%d \n",marks[a]);
}
return 0;
}
Output
60
10
44
8
Types of Array in C
There are 2 types of C arrays
1. One dimensional array
2. Multi dimensional array
o Two dimensional array
o Three dimensional array
o four dimensional array etc….
One Dimensional Array
This can be considered as array as a row, where elements are stored one
after another.

Syntax
data-type arr_name[array_size];
data-type: It denotes the type of the elements in the array.
arr_name: Name of the array. It must be a valid identifier.
array_size: Number of elements an array can hold.

Example 1: 1D Array implementation In C


#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=0;
int marks[4];
marks[0]=10;
marks[1]=20;
marks[2]=30;
marks[3]=40;
marks[4]=50;
for(a=0;a<5;a++){
printf("%d \n",marks[a]);
}
return 0;
}
Output
10
20
30
40
50
Example 2: 2-D Array implementation In C
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j;
int arr[2][2] = {10,20,30,40};
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<2;j++)
{
printf("value of arr[%d] [%d] : %d\n",i,j,arr[i][j]);
}
}
return 0;
}
Output
value of arr[0] [0] : 10
value of arr[0] [1] : 20
value of arr[1] [0] : 30
value of arr[1] [1] : 40
Example 3: 2-D Array implementation In C

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,j,arr[2][2];
arr[0][0] = 10;
arr[0][1] = 20;
arr[1][0] = 30;
arr[1][1] = 40;
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<2;j++)
{
printf("value of arr[%d] [%d] : %d\n",i,j,arr[i][j]);
}
}
return 0;
}
Output
value of arr[0] [0] : 10
value of arr[0] [1] : 20
value of arr[1] [0] : 30
value of arr[1] [1] : 40

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