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Important Notes in Transformation

The document outlines various geometric transformations including translation, enlargement, reflection, and rotation. It explains how to describe each transformation, the necessary parameters, and the mathematical rules for performing them. Specific examples and formulas are provided for clarity on how to execute these transformations accurately.

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kaikaiharris2008
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7 views

Important Notes in Transformation

The document outlines various geometric transformations including translation, enlargement, reflection, and rotation. It explains how to describe each transformation, the necessary parameters, and the mathematical rules for performing them. Specific examples and formulas are provided for clarity on how to execute these transformations accurately.

Uploaded by

kaikaiharris2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformation

Translation
To describe the translation, give the displacement of the point or object in a column matrix
format.
2
E.g This a translation transformation with a translation vector of (−7)

Enlargement
In order to describe an enlargement transformation, two factors need to be taken into
consideration:

• The scale factor


• The center of enlargement

Important to note that when the scale factor is a whole number then the image is larger
than the object and the image will be placed on the same side of the center of
enlargement as the object but further away.
When the scale factor is between 0 and 1 then the image will be smaller than the object
indicating a reduction. The image will also be on the same side of the object but closer to
the center of enlargement.
However, when the scale factor is less than 0, a negative number, then the image will be
inverted (upside down)
The image will be on the opposite side of the center of enlargement.

To Enlarge an Object
Multiplying the coordinates by the scale factor to find the image will only work if the center
of enlargement is the origin (0,0).

When the center of enlargement is not the origin, take the length of the distances of the
objects points and multiply that distance by the scale factor to find the image.

To find the scale factor when the origin is not the center of enlargement
Take the length of the distance of a point on the image from the center of enlargement and divide
it by the length of the corresponding point on the object
image length
Scale Factor = object length
Reflection
To describe a reflection, the equation of the mirror line must be given

E.g A reflection transformation in the line x = 6

In the X axis, equation Y=0

P (x, y) → PI (x, -y)

multiply the new y coordinate by -1

In the Y axis, equation x = 0

P (x, y) → PI (-x, y)

Change the sign of the x coordinate by multiplying by -1

Reflecting about the origin means multiplying the x and y coordinate by -1 which will
change the signs of both coordinates.

Reflecting in the line y = x

P (x, y) → PI (y, x)

Interchange the coordinates so the x coordinate of the object becomes the y coordinate of the
image and y coordinate becomes the x coordinate in the image.

Reflecting in the line y = - x

P (x, y) → PI (-y, -x)

Interchange the coordinates so the x coordinate of the object becomes the y coordinate of the
image and y coordinate becomes the x coordinate in the image. In addition, change the signs on
the new coordinates by multiplying by each coordinate by -1.

Rotation
The following rules are only applicable when rotating about the origin:

90◦ Clockwise Rotation

P (x, y) → PI (y, -x)

Interchange the coordinates so the x coordinate of the object becomes the y coordinate of the
image and y coordinate becomes the x coordinate in the image. Then, multiply the new y
coordinate by -1 to change the sign.
90◦ Anti-clockwise Rotation

P (x, y) → PI (-y, x)

Interchange the coordinates so the x coordinate of the object becomes the y coordinate of the
image and y coordinate becomes the x coordinate in the image. Then, multiply the new x
coordinate by -1 to change the sign.

180◦ Rotation

P (x, y) → PI (-x, -y)

Change the signs of the coordinates by multiplying by -1.

• 270◦ clockwise rotation is the same as 90◦ anticlockwise rotation. Hence, apply the rules
for that rotation.
• 270◦ anti-clockwise rotation is the same as 90◦ clockwise rotation. Hence, apply the rules
for that rotation.

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