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The document summarizes the key steps in a pre-combustion carbon capture system: 1) Hydrocarbon fuel is converted to hydrogen and carbon monoxide through gasification. 2) Carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide through a water gas shift reaction. 3) Carbon dioxide is separated from the hydrogen, which can then be combusted cleanly while the carbon dioxide is compressed and stored. This process can capture 90-95% of carbon dioxide emissions.

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Ozge Bulunaz
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55 views3 pages

Snum

The document summarizes the key steps in a pre-combustion carbon capture system: 1) Hydrocarbon fuel is converted to hydrogen and carbon monoxide through gasification. 2) Carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide through a water gas shift reaction. 3) Carbon dioxide is separated from the hydrogen, which can then be combusted cleanly while the carbon dioxide is compressed and stored. This process can capture 90-95% of carbon dioxide emissions.

Uploaded by

Ozge Bulunaz
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The pre combustion capture system consists of three stages; Firstly the hydrocarbon fuel (typically gasified coal)

) is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide (CO) to form a synthesis gas. The second step is to convert the CO into CO2 by reacting it with water and which is known as water gas shift conversion. Finally, the CO2 is separated from the hydrogen which can then be combusted cleanly. The CO2 can then be compressed into liquid and transported to a storage site which will be referred at storage part. By using this type of capture system; 90-95% of CO2 emissions can be captured, low overall emissions, low fresh water consumption and capturing high purity CO2 can be achieved.

DEM

Pulverizer break into small particles to get more power

Clean coal technologies purify the coal before it burns. This purification is done by coal washing, removes unwanted minerals by mixing crushed coal with a liquid allows the impurities to separate and settle. Air Separation Unit (ASU): The main objective to produce pressurized oxygen gas for the reaction with the coal slurry in the gasifier and to produce nitrogen gas that is used as a diluent in the combustion turbine thereby reducing the formation of NOx, during syngas combustion. Secondary uses include low pressure oxygen for optimizing the Sulfur Recovery system and low pressure nitrogen for purging operations. approximately 40 bar at 25 oC. Gasification: The slurry coal and oxygen are fed into gasifier approximately at 20 bar and 1400 oC.

Cooler: At the outlet of the gasifier:1400 C and the fly ash (or slag) is in liquid form. To protect the process equipment from fouling, a quench is needed. The temperature of syngas is decreased to nearly 140 C by using cold water. Particulate Removal: electrostatic precipitator high efficiency (approximately 99%) Gas Clean-up: it is possible to convert 96% of the H2S of the entering stream into elemental sulfur includes COS reactor, absorber, stripper and heat exchangers By using copper-chromia-alumina catalysts in COS reactor, approximately 99.9% conversion is achieved at 140 oC with given reaction. COS+H2O H2S+CO2

ZGE At the outlet of the H2S removal section of the absorbing column, the syngas stream is fed to a catalytic shift reaction section. In this part; CO + H2O CO2 + H2O At the end of this section CO2 and H2 is separated and sent to two different streams. The effluent stream of cleaned syngas is at a temperature of 73.3oC and 18.3bar First CO2 is sent to Carbon Capture and Storage Section (CCS) The CO2 removal takes place in absorbing column by chemical absorption with amine aqueous solution. in the outlet of CCS section the CO2 is at 30oC and 1bar with the efficiency of 92.3% removal. Second removed Hydrogen is sent to Fuel Cell System Compressed H2 is sent to the anode part of the fuel cell, while compressed air is used as an oxide is sent to the cathode at the same time. By the electrochemistry reaction, H2 gets into the small gas turbine and produces electricity. The efficiency of the cell is increased which will support and enhance the overall efficiency of the IGCC system. ELF

The Carbon Dioxide content of the gas stream leaving the CO2 absorption column is decreased and this syngas is very rich in H2 and has a quite good LHV (lower heating value), due mainly to absence of the dilution effect of CO2. The syngas exiting the CO2 removal section about at 18.3 bar, 73.3 C, is routed to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. The compressor delivers air at 18.3 bar. The gas turbine inlet temperature is limited at 1277C. The products of combustion expand through the gas turbine to 1.1 bar, 582.6 C. The gas turbine exhaust stream is passed through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), where about HP (120 bar, 560 C) and LP (12 bar, 225 C) superheated steam are produced. Inside the HRSG, the gas temperature changes from 582.6 to 150.6 C. The produced steam which is produced in the HRSG then goes to steam turbine in order to generate electric power. Furthermore, power cycle efficiency is 38.80%. As a result, this design consists of a combustion turbine/generator, a heat recovery steam generator, and a steam turbine/generator. The exhaust heat from the combustion turbine is recovered in the heat recovery steam generator to produce steam. This steam then passes through a steam turbine to power another generator, which produces more electricity. Combined cycle is more efficient than conventional power generating systems because it re-uses waste heat to produce more electricity. The integration of these technologies provides the high efficiency of the combined-cycle design with the low cost of coal for fuel. For this part of plant detailed drawing was done at appendix on Figure 9.

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