[ Conic Sections ] Hyperbola

-​ if the cutting plane intersects both

Conic Section nappes
-​ defined as a set of curves formed from -​ the degenerate conic is a pair of
dividing or cutting a right circular cone of intersecting lines.
two nappes with a cutting plane.
[ General Equation of the Second Degree ]
Parts of a Conic Section Ax2+Bxy+Cy2+Dx+Ey+F=0, where B=0

Circle
➔​ Ax2 and Cy2 are both given
➔​ A=C

Parabola
➔​ there is only one quadratic either Ax2 or
Cy2

Ellipse
➔​ Ax2 and Cy2 are both given
➔​ A=/=C
1.​ Nappe - the lateral surface of a right
➔​ Same sign
circular cone.
2.​ Vertex - the fixed point that joins the
Hyperbola
double-napped right circular cone.
➔​ Ax2 and Cy2 are both given
3.​ Generator - a line that rotates about a
➔​ A=/=C
vertex.
➔​ Opposite signs
4.​ Axis - a line passing through the vertex
and perpendicular to its nappes.
5.​ Directrix - the perimeter of the base of Places and their Conics
the cone.
Hotel Valide Sultan Ellipse
6.​ Conic Section - a section formed when Konagi
a plane intersects a double-napped right
circular cone. The Bridge of Peace Parabola

Sentosa Park Hyperbola

Circle
-​ if the cutting plane is parallel to the Notre Dame de Paris Circle
base of the cone Cathedral
-​ the degenerate conic of a circle is a
Souq Al Wakrah​ Parabola
point. (Souq = Market)

Parabola Eiffel Tower (Gustave Parabola

-​ if the cutting plane is parallel only to Eiffel)
one generator and it is perpendicular to
Gardens of Versaille Circle
the base of the cone.
-​ the degenerate conic is a line. The Torch Hyperbola

Ellipse Blue Star Ferry Circle

-​ if the cutting plane is not parallel to the The Colosseum Parabola
base of the cone (Flavian Amphitheater)
 [ Circle ] 3.​ Vertex (V)- the point midway between
the focus and the directrix
Circle 4.​ Focal length (p)- the distance from the
-​ a set of points which moves at a vertex to the focus, always positive
constant distance from a fixed point 5.​ Axis of symmetry- the line through the
called its center. focus and perpendicular to the directrix
6.​ Latus Rectum- the line segment
Parts of a Circle through the focus and perpendicular to
the line of symmetry

❖​ In the parts of a circle, the fixed point is

called a center. A diameter is a line [ Ellipse ]
passing through the center and the Ellipse
radius is a line from the center to any -​ A set of points in a plane whose sum of
point of the circle. the distances from two fixed points is a
constant.
Equation Graph
Parts of an Ellipse
Circle 1.​ Foci (F1, F2) - the two fixed points
2.​ Center - The midpoint of F1 and F2
3.​ Major Axis - It is the distance between
Point Circle the end vertices. Center divides the
major axis into 2 equal halves. Each half
is called semi-major axis
4.​ Vertices (V1, V2) - ends of Major Axis
No graph 5.​ Minor Axis - It is the distance between
the end co-vertices. Center divides the
minor axis into 2 equal halves. Each half
is called the semi-minor axis.
[ Parabola ] 6.​ Focal Length - distance between center
Parabola to either focus
-​ A set of points in a plane which are
equidistant from a fixed point and a fixed ❖​ The major axis is the direction of the
line of the plane. longest part of the ellipse
❖​ The vertices are at the ends of the
Parts of a Parabola major axis.
1.​ Focus (F)- the fixed point of a parabola ❖​ An ellipse can have a horizontal or
2.​ Directrix (D) - the fixed line vertical major axis.
 [ Hyperbola ]
Hyperbola
-​ a set of points in a plane whose
difference of the distances from the two
fixed points is a constant.

Parts of a Hyperbola
1.​ Center – the intersection of the two
axes of symmetry. The midpoint
between two foci.
2.​ Vertices - The two points where the
hyperbola intersects the focal axis
3.​ Transverse Axis - the segment that
goes through the two foci and the center
of the hyperbola.
4.​ Conjugate Axis - the axis of a
hyperbola perpendicular to the
transverse axis at a point equidistant
from the foci.
5.​ Asymptotes - A pair of lines that is
closely related to but also not part of the
hyperbola. They intersect at the center
of the hyperbola. A hyperbola
approaches its asymptotes but will
never intersect them.