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Natural Language Processing (NLP) Roadmap

The document outlines comprehensive roadmaps for Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Computer Vision (CV), detailing essential concepts, techniques, and applications in each field. It covers topics such as text preprocessing, sentiment analysis, machine translation, image processing, object detection, and generative models. Each section includes various methods, models, and challenges associated with NLP and CV.

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varshinimanchikalapudi1
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24 views6 pages

Natural Language Processing (NLP) Roadmap

The document outlines comprehensive roadmaps for Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Computer Vision (CV), detailing essential concepts, techniques, and applications in each field. It covers topics such as text preprocessing, sentiment analysis, machine translation, image processing, object detection, and generative models. Each section includes various methods, models, and challenges associated with NLP and CV.

Uploaded by

varshinimanchikalapudi1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) Roadmap

1.1 Introduction to NLP

 What is NLP?
 NLP Applications
 Challenges in NLP
 Linguistics Overview (Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics)
 Components of NLP Pipeline

1.2 Text Preprocessing

 Tokenization
o Word Tokenization
o Sentence Tokenization
 Text Cleaning
o Removing Punctuation, Numbers, Special Characters
o Lowercasing
o Removing Stopwords
 Stemming
 Lemmatization
 Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging
 Named Entity Recognition (NER)
 Sentence Segmentation
 Stop Words Removal
 Text Normalization (Unicode, ASCII)

1.3 Text Representation

 Bag of Words (BoW)


 Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF)
 Word Embeddings
o Word2Vec (Skip-gram, CBOW)
o GloVe (Global Vectors for Word Representation)
o FastText
 Contextual Embeddings
o ELMo
o BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)
o GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer)
 Document Embeddings (Doc2Vec)

1.4 Text Classification

 Naive Bayes Classifier


 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
 Logistic Regression
 Neural Networks for Text Classification
 Deep Learning Models for Text Classification (CNN, RNN)
 Multi-class Classification
1.5 Language Modeling

 N-Grams and Markov Chains


 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN)
 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks
 Gated Recurrent Units (GRU)
 Transformer Models (Self-attention Mechanism)

1.6 Sentiment Analysis

 Definition and Importance


 Approaches to Sentiment Analysis
o Machine Learning-based
o Deep Learning-based
 Pretrained Models for Sentiment Analysis (BERT, GPT)

1.7 Machine Translation

 Introduction to Translation Models


 Rule-based Machine Translation
 Statistical Machine Translation (SMT)
 Neural Machine Translation (NMT)
 Seq2Seq Models (Encoder-Decoder Architecture)
 Attention Mechanism in NMT
 Transformer-based Machine Translation (e.g., OpenNMT, MarianNMT)

1.8 Text Generation

 Markov Chains for Text Generation


 RNN-based Text Generation
 LSTM-based Text Generation
 Transformer-based Text Generation
 Language Models for Text Generation (GPT)

1.9 Question Answering

 Information Retrieval-based QA
 Machine Learning-based QA
 Extractive QA (e.g., BERT-based models)
 Generative QA (e.g., T5, GPT)

1.10 Text Summarization

 Extractive Summarization
o TF-IDF, TextRank
 Abstractive Summarization
o Seq2Seq Models
o Transformer-based Models (BERT, T5)
 Evaluation Metrics (ROUGE)
1.11 Dialogue Systems and Chatbots

 Rule-based Chatbots
 Retrieval-based Chatbots
 Generative-based Chatbots
 Conversational AI Models (GPT, BERT, T5)
 Intent Detection and Slot Filling

1.12 Speech Recognition

 Audio Preprocessing
 Feature Extraction (MFCC, Mel Spectrogram)
 Acoustic Models (HMM, DNN)
 End-to-End Speech Recognition (Deep Speech, Wav2Vec)

1.13 Transfer Learning in NLP

 Pretrained Language Models (BERT, GPT)


 Fine-tuning Techniques
 Domain Adaptation

2. Computer Vision (CV) Roadmap

2.1 Introduction to Computer Vision

 What is Computer Vision?


 Applications of Computer Vision
 Challenges in Computer Vision

2.2 Image Processing Basics

 Image Representation (Pixels, Channels, RGB, Grayscale)


 Image Filtering (Blurring, Sharpening)
 Edge Detection (Sobel, Canny, Laplacian)
 Thresholding (Global, Adaptive)
 Morphological Operations (Erosion, Dilation, Opening, Closing)
 Image Histograms and Histogram Equalization
 Geometric Transformations (Scaling, Rotation, Translation)

2.3 Feature Detection and Matching

 Points of Interest Detection


o Harris Corner Detector
o SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform)
o SURF (Speeded-Up Robust Features)
o ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF)
 Feature Matching Algorithms
o Brute Force Matcher
o FLANN (Fast Library for Approximate Nearest Neighbors)

2.4 Object Detection

 Classical Object Detection Methods (Haar Cascades)


 Sliding Window Method
 Modern Object Detection Methods
o R-CNN (Region-based CNN)
o Fast R-CNN
o Faster R-CNN (Region Proposal Networks)
o YOLO (You Only Look Once)
o SSD (Single Shot Multibox Detector)
o RetinaNet
 Anchor Boxes and Non-Maximum Suppression

2.5 Semantic Segmentation

 Introduction to Segmentation
 Pixel-wise Classification
 U-Net Architecture
 Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN)
 DeepLabV3

2.6 Instance Segmentation

 Mask R-CNN
 Panoptic Segmentation

2.7 Object Tracking

 Object Tracking Algorithms


o KLT Tracker
o Kalman Filter
o Optical Flow
o MedianFlow
 Modern Object Tracking
o SORT (Simple Online and Realtime Tracking)
o DeepSORT
o GOTURN (Generic Object Tracking Using Regression Networks)

2.8 Action Recognition

 Spatio-Temporal Features
 3D CNN (3D Convolutional Networks)
 RNN/LSTM for Temporal Sequence Modeling
 I3D (Inflated 3D ConvNet)
 Two-Stream Networks (Optical Flow + RGB)

2.9 Image Classification


 Traditional Classifiers (SVM, KNN)
 CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks)
o LeNet, AlexNet, VGGNet, ResNet, Inception, DenseNet
 Transfer Learning with Pretrained Models
 Fine-tuning Pretrained Models (VGG, ResNet, etc.)

2.10 Generative Models in Computer Vision

 Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)


o Basic GAN Architecture
o DCGAN (Deep Convolutional GAN)
o Conditional GANs
o CycleGAN
o StyleGAN
 Variational Autoencoders (VAE)

2.11 3D Computer Vision

 Stereo Vision and Depth Estimation


 Structure from Motion (SfM)
 Point Cloud Processing
o PointNet
o 3D CNNs
 LiDAR Data Processing

2.12 Face Recognition

 Face Detection (Haar Cascades, Dlib)


 Face Recognition (LBPH, Eigenfaces, Fisherfaces)
 Deep Learning-based Face Recognition (VGG-Face, FaceNet)
 Landmark Detection (e.g., OpenCV, Dlib)

2.13 Visual Question Answering (VQA)

 VQA Datasets (VQA, Visual Genome)


 Multi-modal Neural Networks
 Vision-Language Pretrained Models (e.g., ViLBERT, VisualBERT)
 Image-Text Matching

2.14 Image Captioning

 CNN-RNN Architecture for Image Captioning


 Show and Tell Model
 Attention Mechanism for Captioning
 Transformer-based Captioning

2.15 Transfer Learning in CV

 Pretrained Models (ResNet, Inception, etc.)


 Fine-tuning on Custom Datasets

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