Paper 18544
Paper 18544
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 6, May 2024
Abstract: The problem of gas leakage and fire is often encountered in our day-to-day life. LPG, Liquified
Petroleum Gas, is highly flammable gas used as fuel in heating appliances. Leakage of this gas raises the
risk of building fire, suffocation or an explosion. Most of the fire-breakouts in industries are due to gas
leaks. These cause dreadful damage to the equipment, human life leading to injuries, deaths, and
environment. The mentioned problem can be solved with the development of reliable techniques to detect
gas leakage. We proposed a system to detect gas leakage automatically with the help of gas sensor and
Arduino microcontroller and alerts the person if there is gas leakage by buzzer alarm and auto cutoff
regulator.
I. INTRODUCTION
Internet of things endeavour towards making life simpler and faster by automating the entire small tasks associated with
the life of human. Today, everything is getting smart due to the technological progress such as of IOT. As IOT is very
beneficial for automating the tasks, the advantage of IOT can also be comprehensive for enhancing the convenient
safety methods.
Security plays a significant role while constructing home, buildings, industries as well as towns. The enlarged focus of
certain gases in the environment can be exceptionally unsafe, in recent time, everyone needs a facility which reduces
time and effort and expect their work to be as easy as possible. One such area where man prefers to get the work faster
and easier is cooking. Most commonly LPG is used for cooking purpose.
LPG is one of the household needs in daily life. It acts as an alternative to petroleum, which continues to decrease.
With this transition, there are several problems caused by gas leak that may cause accidents.
We proposed a system in order to prevent these accidents caused by gas leakage. The proposed system will detect gas
leakage with the help of gas sensor and Arduino microcontroller. It alerts the person by buzzer alarm and the gas
regulator is turned off automatically using servo motor.
In recent years, concerns regarding the safety of domestic and industrial environments have escalated due to the
hazardous nature of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). LPG, being highly combustible, poses significant risks if there's a
leakage in its containment system.
To mitigate these risks and ensure the safety of lives and property, the development of efficient and reliable gas leakage
detection systems has become imperative. In response to this need, engineers and innovators have turned to cutting-
edge technologies like Arduino microcontrollers to design Automatic LPG Gas Leakage Detection Systems with Auto
Cutoff Regulators.
and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on processing. Arduino microcontrollers are pre-programmed with a boot
loader that simplifies uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory.
The default bootloader of the Arduino UNO is the option-boot bootloader. Boards are loaded with program code via a
serial connection to another computer. Current Arduino boards are programmed via Universal Serial Bus (USB),
implemented using USB-to-serial adapter chips such as the FTDI FT232. Other variants, such as the Arduino Mini and
the unofficial Board Arduino, use a detachable USB-to-serial adapter board or cable, Bluetooth or other methods. When
used with traditional microcontroller tools, instead of the Arduino IDE, standard AVR in-system programming (ISP)
programming is used.
The successful development and implementation of this Automatic LPG Gas Leakage Detection System with Auto
Cutoff Regulator using Arduino will significantly enhance safety measures in environments where LPG is employed,
providing peace of mind to occupants and mitigating the risks associated with gas leaks.
II. OBJECTIVES
Gas Leak Detection: The primary objective is to detect LPG gas leaks promptly and accurately. The system
should be sensitive enough to detect even minor leaks that might go unnoticed but still pose a danger.
Rapid Response: Ensure that the system can respond quickly to a detected gas leak, minimizing the time
between detection and action. This includes activating the auto cutoff mechanism in milliseconds to prevent
further gas leakage.
Safety Assurance: Guarantee the safety of residents or users by effectively shutting off the gas supply when a
leak is detected. The auto cutoff regulator should work reliably and consistently.
Remote Monitoring: Enable remote monitoring of the system's status and gas levels, allowing users to check
on their property's safety even when they are not on-site.
Energy Efficiency: Design the system with energy-efficient components and modes to minimize power
consumption, especially in the case of battery-operated systems.
Sensor Accuracy: Ensure that gas sensors used in the system are accurate and have minimal false positives or
false negatives. Calibrate sensors as needed.
Emergency Protocols: Implement emergency protocols, such as a manual override or backup power source,
in case the system encounters issues or failures.
Gas leakage is detected with the help of gas sensor and Arduino microcontroller.
The system will alert the person by buzzer alarm and the gas regulator is turned off automatically using servo motor.
detect the leakage of the gas, and the user gets notification regarding to remaining percentage of gas in the cylinder as
well certain action can be taken to pre-book
book the new cylinder without any barrier. This unit can be easily integrated into
an alarm unit, or a visual indication of the LPG
L awareness for further benefits. This proposed system can be useful in
marketing sectors like hotels, shop etc.. The main intention of this work is to ensure safe and easier way of gas booking
and gas leakage detection to avoid disasters that may occur due
du to negligence.
S. Adsul, A. K. Sharma and R. G. Mevekari: This paper presents a wireless leakage detection sy system using various
sensors and microcontroller which makes system portable and Non-Destructive techniques (NDT). In this system the
parameters like
ike humidity, temperature, pressure, sound detection and gas detection around leakage areas are detected
using sensors and Arduino microcontroller.
M. Santi Putri and M. Tio: This paper aims to provide a solution to this problem by building a device that utilizing
sensors connected to Node MCU. The device performs area monitoring continuously. Using this device, us users will be
able to prevent accidents that occur due to gas leaks so that accidents can be avoid.
A. Varma, Prabhakar S and K. Jayavel: The proposed oposed gas leakage detector is promising in the field of safety. The
attempt while making this prototype has been to bring a revolution in the field of safety against the leakage of harmful
and toxic gases to minimize and hence nullify any major or minor hhazard being caused due to them.
J. Vijayalakshmi, G. Puthilibhai and S. R. L. Siddarth: In this work,” Ammonia Gas Monitoring System Using
Ammonia Sensor Technology” the leakage analysis is done. Ammonia gas is a major factor that affects human being
health.
th. The ammonia sensor technology system is used to detect the ammonia gas leakage, using this system human
being’s health is protected from ammonia gas. The system will the ammonia gas level that exceeds its threshold level
and provide a comparison on a graphical
raphical representation based on the present gas level and historical data in the final
report.
V. BLOCK DIAGRAM
This is our proposed block diagram for automatic gas leakage detection. We are using Arduino nano microcontroller as
controller. We are providing power supply to the controller through 9V DC battery. As the controller, and sensor
requires 5V we are using 7805805 voltage regulator which gives 5V output voltage and this regulated supply we are using
as power supply. The gas sensor MQ-2 2 is used to detect gas leakage and it checks for gas leakage continuously and
sends data to the controller. The controller analyses the data received by the sensor and takes appropriate decisions. The
buzzer is connected to the Arduino as output. If there is a gas leakage controller will turn on the buzzer to alert the
person.
SOFTWARE COMPONENTS:
1. Embedded C
2. Arduino IDE
Technical Specifications:
Applications
Prototyping of Electronics Products and Systems
Multiple DIY Projects.
Easy to use for beginner level DIYers and makers.
Projects requiring
quiring Multiple I/O interfaces and communications.
communications
MQ-2 Methane LPG Liquid Propane Gas Sensor Module is widely used in gas leakage detecting pieces of equipment in
family and industry, are suitable for detecting of LPG, natural gas, town gas, avoid the noise of alcohol and cooking
fumes and cigarette smoke. The sensitivity can be adjusted by the potentiometer. Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor
is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target combustible gas exists, the sensor’s conductivity
is higher along with the gas concentration rising. Please use simple electro circuit, convert change of conductivity to the
corresponding output signal of gas concentration.MQ-5 gas sensor has high sensitivity to Methane, Propane, and
Butane, and could be used to detect both Methane and Propane. The sensor could be used to detect different
combustible gas especially Methane, it is with low cost and suitable for different application
Buzzer:
This is a Small PCB Mountable 3V Active Electromagnetic Buzzer. It is great to add Audio Alert to your electronic
designs. It operates on 3V supply, uses a coil element to generate an audible tone.
Specifications:
Input Voltage (Max): 3V
Resistance: 30 Ω
Resonance Frequency: 2048 Hz
Sound pressure(dB(A)/10cm) min.: 80
Body Size: 12 x 9.5mm
Pin Pitch: 6mm
External Material: Plastic;
Colour: Black
Jumper Wires
Jumper wires are used for making connections between items on your breadboard and your Arduino’s header pins. Use
them to wire up all circuits.
Features:
Compatible with 2.54mm spacing pin headers
High quality and in good working condition
Durable and reusable
Easy to install and use
A popular choice for construction or repair
Be used for the electronic project and Genuine Arduino product
Flexible Breadboard Jumper Cable Wire allows you to plug and unplug easily for prototyping.
There are mainly three types male-male, female-female and male-female jumper wires.
M-F
9V DC Battery:
This is General purpose 9V Original HW marked Non-Rechargeable
Non Rechargeable Battery for all your project and application needs.
Its Universal 9V battery size and connecting points; it is useful in many DIY projects as well as household applications
and they can easily be replaced and installed.
Features:
Constant 9V Output till lasts
Metal Jacket Body
Good Built Quality and hence Leakproof
Easy to install and Replace
Corrosion-free
free Connector Point for long-term
long use
0% Mercury and Cadmium. Environment-friendly
Environment
OEM Compatible.
Servo Motor:
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:
1. Embedded C
The embedded c programming language is used in the microcontrollers. The embedded c language is a general general-purpose
programming language that provides code efficiency, elements of structured programming and a rich set of operators.
Embedded c is not a big language
nguage and is not designed for any one particular area of application. It’s generally combined
with its absence of restriction, makes embedded c a convenient and effective programming solution for a wide variety
of software tasks. Many applications can be solved more easily and efficiently with embedded c than with other more
specialized languages. The embedded c language on its own is not capable of performing operations (such as input and
output) that would normally
mally require intervention from the operating system. Instead, these capabilities are provided as a
part of standard library. Because these functions are separated from the language itself, embedded c is especially suited
for producing code that is portablee across wide platforms.
2. Arduino IDE
Arduino is an open-source
source electronics platform based on easy-to-use
easy hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to
read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a
motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of
instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based
on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE)
(IDE), based on Processing.
VIII. METHODOLOGY
The gas sensor will check for gas leak continuously.
Whenever it detects any gas leakage it will sends the data to the Arduino microcontroller.
Microcontroller analyzes the data collected
co by the gas sensor.
If there is gas leak detected the controller will turn on the buzzer alarm in order to alert the person to know that
there is a gas leakage.
The system will also turnoff the gas regulator automatically using servo motor.
X. PROGRAM
#include <Servo.h>
#define gas_sensor A0
#define buzzer 8
Copyright to IJARSCT DOI: 10.48175/
10.48175/IJARSCT-18544 330
www.ijarsct.co.in
ISSN (Online) 2581-9429
IJARSCT
International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Communication and Technology (IJARSCT)
International Open-Access, Double-Blind, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Multidisciplinary Online Journal
Impact Factor: 7.53 Volume 4, Issue 6, May 2024
#define fan 10
int sensor_value;
Servo servo;
void setup() {
//Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);
pinMode(fan, OUTPUT);
servo.attach(9); //servo motor signal pin attached to Arduino pin 9
servo.write(2); //regulator on
}
void loop()
{
sensor_value = analogRead(gas_sensor);
Serial.println(sensor_value);
if (sensor_value > 250) // change this value according to sensitivity of gas
{
digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH);
digitalWrite(fan, HIGH);
servo.write(130);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
digitalWrite(fan, LOW);
servo.write(5);
}
delay(500);
}
XI. APPLICATIONS
Domestic gas leakage detection.
Industrial gas leakage detection.
food and beverage to chemical production and wastewater treatment.
Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion.
Residential Buildings.
Commercial Kitchens.
Industrial Facilities.
Laboratories.
Hotels and Hospitality.
Mobile Homes and RVs.
Warehouses and Storage Facilities.
Public Transport Vehicles.
XII. CONCLUSION
In conclusion gas leakage and fire is often encountered in our day-to-day life. LPG, Liquified Petroleum Gas, is highly
flammable gas used as fuel in heating appliances. Leakage of this gas raises the risk of building fire, suffocation or an
explosion. In order to prevent the gas leakage, we proposed a system for automatic gas detection. The gas leakage is
detected with the help of gas sensor and Arduino microcontroller. The system will alert the person by buzzer alarm and
the system will alert the person by buzzer alarm and the gas regulator is turned off automatically using servo motor.
the Automatic LPG Gas Leakage Detection System with Auto Cutoff Regulator using Arduino represents a significant
advancement in safety technology, offering a proactive solution to mitigate the risks associated with LPG usage in
various environments. By leveraging the power of Arduino microcontrollers and sophisticated sensors, this system
provides prompt and reliable detection of gas leaks, coupled with automatic cutoff of the gas supply to prevent potential
hazards such as fire or explosion.
The development and implementation of this system offer several key benefits, including enhanced safety for occupants
and property, peace of mind for users, and compliance with safety standards and regulations governing LPG usage.
Whether deployed in residential buildings, commercial kitchens, industrial facilities, or other settings where LPG is
utilized, the system offers a robust and cost-effective solution to ensure a safe environment for all stakeholders.
Furthermore, the flexibility and scalability of the system allow for customization to meet specific user requirements,
including adjustments to detection thresholds, alarm settings, and interface options. This ensures ease of operation and
maintenance, as well as compatibility with various applications across different sectors.
In summary, the Automatic LPG Gas Leakage Detection System with Auto Cutoff Regulator using Arduino represents
a proactive approach to safety management, offering advanced capabilities to detect and mitigate gas leaks effectively.
As technology continues to evolve, further enhancements and refinements to this system promise even greater levels of
safety and reliability, contributing to a safer and more secure future for communities worldwide.
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