SIR ROJE SEMI-FINAL

Nature of Problem-Based Learnin

 Problem-based learning involves process of inquiry & solving open-
Integrating Active Learning Approaches in language learning ended questions
- Language learning encompasses the development of macro skills such as  The type of questions posited is focused on a specific content standard
reading, writing, listening, speaking, and viewing. and its application to real life issues. - It also requires more than one
answer or solution.
Is it possible to target more than 2 or 3 of the macro skills in one learning  Learners engaged in collaborative task as they work towards the
activity? solution to the problem
The answer is yes.  This learning activity is done in small groups
- However, this largely depends on the approaches used by the language teacher  In the process of engaging in PBL, they learn several skills such as
in facilitating the development of learning competencies in the language problemsolving, communicating, research, among others which are
classroom. essential in the workplace.
- One way to achieve this end is the utilization of active learning approaches.  The end goal of PBL is to ensure that the target, the learning
- Active learning approaches are characterized by learners' engagement in competencies, are achieved in the process
activities that are geared towards the generation of new knowledge or making
meaning to an existing knowledge while developing other 21st Century skills Ali (2019) PBL as process that used to identify problems w/ scenario to
(such as collaboration, media literacy, critical thinking) in the process. In her article, she proposed the following five principles of PBL that may
be considered by teachers in planning or using the approach:
Four of the recent active learning approaches introduced to enhance the  It is a power of independent and self-directed learning.
teaching learning process.  Learning happens in a group and teacher is a facilitator.
 Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL)  All groups must participate equally.
 Research-based Learning  Students learn about motivation, teamwork, problem-solving &
 Problem-based Learning engagement with the task.
 Project-Based Learning (PBL)  Materials such as data, photographs, articles, can be used to solve the
problem.
- Central to active learning approaches is the construction of framing questions Lo (2009) proposed a six-stage process used in the adoption of the
that will guide the learners in their investigation either on a specific topic or unit. online PBL:
- Investigations become more meaningful when these are related to real life 1. Identifying the problem—do not have just one answer
experiences. 2. Brainstorming—generate ideas; tackle the problem tru self-directed
questioning; arouse students' intrinsic motivation
Nature of Inquiry-Based Learning 3. Collecting & analyzing the info. —assigning group members to collect
- Inquiry, in its simplest definition, is a process of asking questions. information; posting what they found and what they learned;
spurred' the enumerable developments collaborative collection of useful information.
- continues to usher in the study 4. Synthesizing info. —solving the problem tru synthesized relevant data;
- In the classroom, in particular, the process of inquiry is a basic learning activity knowledge building.
that every teacher is expected to facilitate 5. Co-building knowledge—presentation of the solution to the learning
- The development of the ability to ask’ among learners was basic in the age of the problem/ issue.
Fourth Industrial Revolution 6. Refining the outcomes—giving of feedback and suggestions by the
- According to the Future of Jobs Report during the World Economic Forum, the instructor to help students improve; learning from other group's
top three of the ten skills needed in this age are complex problem solving, critical presentation.
thinking and creativity (Gray, 2016) which all start from the process of asking.
- Inquiry-based learning (IBL) involves tasks requiring learners' active participation Benefits of Problem-Based Learning
- Learners are given opportunities to engage in self-regulated activities Several studies revealed positive impacts of PBL on learners
- Using this in the language classroom can facilitate the development of Among these are the following:
communication skills (Ghufron & Ermawati, 2018, p. 666—in n EFL writing class)
- This approach encourages students to work together in accomplishing their task • Promotes self-confidence and motivation.
• Reduces students' nervousness during the learning process.
When to Use? • Increases students’ responsibility in learning.
- Chisholm, and Godley (2011) support that Inquiry-based instruction (IBI) offers • Makes students easily learn the material through sharing of ideas.
an especially appropriate approach to learning about language variation, identity, • Promotes problem-solving skills.
and power • Promotes self-directed learning.
• Promotes active learning.
TYPES OF INQUIRY: • Makes students explore many learning resources.
VIU (2020) presented four types of inquiry that can be used in facilitating classes. • Makes students develop positive attitude towards learning.
1. Structured 'Inquiry - students follow the lead of the teacher as the For Baresh, Ali, & Darmi, 2019—EFL students:
entire class engages in one inquiry together • Enhances fluency in communication.
2. Controlled Inquiry - Teacher chooses topics & identifies resources that • Improves grammar.
students will use to answer questions • Increases comprehension.
3. Guided Inquiry - Teacher chooses topics or questions & students design • Enhances good pronunciations and intonations.
the product • Enhances self-confidence.
4. Free Inquiry - Students are allowed to choose their own topics w/o any • Increases range of vocabulary
reference For English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students, PBL:
• Enhances fluency in communication.
Role of the Teacher • Improves grammar.
- The language teacher needs to look into the learning competencies • Increases comprehension.
- He/she controls & prepares the topic for investigation and guides the learners • Enhances good pronunciations and intonations.
- Learners are allowed to design their own way of investigation and present their • Enhances self-confidence.
outputs • Increases range of vocabulary.

When designing an IBL, the teacher must consider the following fields proposed The study of Lin (2017) revealed statistically that the PBL participants
by Avsec and Kocijncic (2016): showed more improvement in their reading comprehension than the
1. Prior knowledge and capacity non-PBL participants. The study further looked into the PBL active
2. Context - Learners require meaning from experience. English learning skills through PBL. Their findings revealed that after
3. Content and learning materials taking the PBL course, there was a significant difference in the mean
4. Process scores for the following life skills responsibility, problem solving, self-
5. Strategy of reactions and behavior direction communication, and creativity skills. It was concluded that
6. Course outcomes PBL indeed promotes further development of life skills.

Role of Technology
- The internet or the World Wide Web offers lots of platforms for mining
information
- Most sought out source of information
- Language is no longer a barrier in one's search for information
- However, learners are undeniably familiar and probably more adept in exploring
the internet. Guiding them in locating online resources that are relevant in
developing their research and communication skills will let them learn the
importance of using educational resources in an explicit and implicit way.