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Implicit

The document provides a detailed explanation of differentiation in mathematics, including examples and exercises for Class 12 students. It covers various differentiation techniques and includes problems for practice, along with hints for selected questions. The content is structured to facilitate understanding of the differentiation process and its applications.

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Praveen
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9 views2 pages

Implicit

The document provides a detailed explanation of differentiation in mathematics, including examples and exercises for Class 12 students. It covers various differentiation techniques and includes problems for practice, along with hints for selected questions. The content is structured to facilitate understanding of the differentiation process and its applications.

Uploaded by

Praveen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Senior Secondary School Mathematics for Class 12 Pg-409

Differentiation 409

On dividing throughout by ex + y , we get


e- y + e- x = 1. ... (ii)
On differentiating both sides of (ii) w.r.t. x, we get
æ - dy ö
e- y × ç -x
÷ + e ( -1) = 0
è dx ø
dy - e- x ( y- x )
Þ = - y = -e .
dx e
æ x2 - y2 ö
EXAMPLE 12 If tan -1 ç 2 ÷ = a , show that dy = x(1 - tan a) ×
ç x + y2 ÷ dx y(1 + tan a)
è ø
æx -y ö
2 2 2 2
SOLUTION tan -1 ç 2 ÷ = a Þ ( x - y ) = tan a
ç x + y2 ÷ ( x 2 + y 2)
è ø
\ ( x 2 - y 2) = ( x 2 + y 2) tan a. ... (i)
On differentiating both sides of (i) w.r.t. x, we get
dy dy
2x - 2y × = 2x tan a + 2y × × tan a
dx dx
dy
Þ y(1 + tan a) = x(1 - tan a)
dx
dy x(1 - tan a)
Þ = ×
dx y(1 + tan a)

EXERCISE 10E
dy
Find , when:
dx
x2 y2
1. x 2 + y 2 = 4 2. 2
+ =1 3. x+ y = a
a b2
2 2 2
4. x 3 +y 3 =a 3 5. xy = c2 6. x 2 + y 2 - 3 xy = 1
7. xy 2 - x 2 y - 5 = 0 8. ( x 2 + y 2) 2 = xy 9. x 2 + y 2 = log ( xy)
10. x n + y n = a n 11. x sin 2y = y cos 2x 12. sin 2 x + 2 cos y + xy = 0
13. y sec x + tan x + x 2 y = 0 14. cot ( xy) + xy = y
2
15. y tan x - y cos x + 2x = 0 16. ex log y = sin -1 x + sin -1 y
17. xy log ( x + y) = 1 18. tan ( x + y) + tan ( x - y) = 1
2 2 -1 y
19. log x + y = tan
x
æ dy ö y
20. If y = x sin y, prove that ç x × ÷ = ×
è dx ø ( 1 - x cos y)
dy - y
21. If xy = tan ( xy), show that = ×
dx x
Senior Secondary School Mathematics for Class 12 Pg-410

410 Senior Secondary School Mathematics for Class 12

dy log x
22. If y log x = ( x - y), prove that = ×
dx (1 + log x) 2
dy cos2( y + a)
23. If cos y = x cos ( y + a), prove that = ×
dx sin a
æ x2 - y2 ö
24. If cos-1 ç 2 ÷ = tan -1 a , prove that dy = y ×
ç x + y2 ÷ dx x
è ø

ANSWERS (EXERCISE 10E)


1
-x -b 2 x y -y 3 -c2
1. 2. 3. - 4. 5.
a 2y
1
y x x 3 x2
( 2x - 3 y) ( y 2 - 2xy) ( y - 4xy 2 - 4x 3) y(1 - 2x 2)
6. 7. 8. 9.
( 3 x - 2y) ( x 2 - 2xy) ( 4y 3 + 4x 2 y - x) x( 2y 2 - 1)
- x n-1 ( 2y sin 2x + sin 2y) ( y + sin 2x)
10. n-1
11. 12.
y (cos 2x - 2x cos 2y) ( 2 sin y - x)

- ( y sec x tan x + sec2 x + 2xy) - y cot 2( xy)


13. 2
14.
( x + sec x) {1 + x cot 2( xy)}

( y sec2 x + y 2 sin x + 2) 1 - y 2 ìï1 - ex log y × 1 - x 2 üï


15. 16. y × ×í ý
( 2y cos x - tan x) 1 - x 2 ï ( ex 1 - y 2 ) - y ï
î þ
- ( x + y + x 2 y) sec2( x + y) + sec2( x - y) x+y
17. 18. 19.
2
x { y + ( x + y) log ( x + y)} 2 2
sec ( x - y) - sec ( x + y) x-y

HINTS TO SOME SELECTED QUESTIONS (EXERCISE 10E)

8. x 4 + y 4 + 2 x 2 y 2 = xy
dy dy dy
Þ 4x 3 + 4y 3 × + 4x 2 y × + 4 xy 2 = x +y
dx dx dx
dy
Þ ( 4y 3 + 4x 2 y - x) = ( y - 4 xy 2 - 4 x 3 ).
dx
9. x 2 + y 2 = log x + log y
dy 1 1 dy
Þ 2x + 2y = + × ×
dx x y dx
dy
10. x n + y n = an Þ nx n -1 + ny n -1 = 0.
dx
14. cot ( xy ) + xy = y
ì dy ü æ dy ö dy
Þ - cosec2 ( xy ) × í x + yý + ç x + y÷ =
î dx þ è dx ø dx

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