What is Website?

>> A website is a collection of interlinked web pages, hosted on a server, and accessible
through the internet. Websites are usually accessed via a browser (like Chrome, Safari, or
Firefox) by entering a web address, also called a URL (Uniform Resource Locator).

>>Websites can serve a variety of purposes, including:

• Information sharing: Websites like Wikipedia provide information on various
topics.
• Social interaction: Social media platforms, like Facebook or Twitter, allow people to connect
and communicate.
• E-commerce: Online stores, like Amazon, let users browse and purchase goods or services.
• Entertainment: Streaming sites, like YouTube or Netflix, provide video and audio content for
entertainment.
>>Websites use HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) as their structural foundation, CSS
(Cascading Style Sheets) for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity. Many also use backend
languages like Python, PHP, or Java to handle complex functions and manage data.

What is Website?
• Static and dynamic
• What is Static Website

A static website is a type of website that consists of web pages with fixed content. Each page is
pre-built using HTML, CSS, and sometimes JavaScript, and the content remains the same every
time it is loaded, regardless of who is visiting the site or any interactions the user may have.

What is Website?

What is dynamic Website

A dynamic website is a type of website that generates and displays content dynamically based
on user interactions or other factors, such as time, location, or data stored in a database. Unlike
static websites, which display the same content to all visitors, dynamic websites provide
personalized or updated content to users each time they visit.

Website?

What is a website made of?

• HTML - Hypertext Markup Langause
• CSS - Cascading Stly Sheet
• Javascript - A Programming Langause

Introduction to Programming with Python

What is Python
> >Python is a high-level, versatile programming language known for its readability and
simplicity, making it an excellent choice for both beginners and experienced developers. Created
by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991, Python emphasizes clear syntax and code
readability, allowing developers to express concepts with fewer lines of code compared to other
languages.

Key Characteristics of Python

> >Interpreted Language: Python is executed line-by-line, which makes debugging easier and
allows for immediate testing of code. General- Purpose Language: It can be used in various
fields, including web development, data science, artificial intelligence, automation, and more.
Dynamically Typed: Python does not require variable types to be declared explicitly, allowing for
flexibility but requiring attention to runtime errors. Extensive Libraries and Frameworks: Python
has a vast ecosystem of libraries (e.g., NumPy, Pandas, TensorFlow) and frameworks (e.g.,
Django, Flask) that simplify complex tasks.

What is IDE
> > An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a software application that provides a
comprehensive set of tools to facilitate software development. IDEs are designed to
streamline the coding process and improve productivity by integrating several key
components into a single interface. Here’s a breakdown of what an IDE typically includes and
its benefits:

>> Key Components of an IDE

1. Code Editor:
• A text editor designed specifically for writing code. It often includes features like syntax
highlighting, code completion, and
indentation support to make coding easier and more efficient.

2. Debugger:
• A tool that helps developers identify and fix errors in their code. Debuggers allow you to run
your code step by step, inspect
variables, and evaluate expressions in real-time.

3. Build Automation Tools:

• Features that automate the process of compiling source code into executable code, running
tests, and packaging
applications for deployment. This helps to streamline the workflow.

4. Version Control Integration:

• Many IDEs integrate with version control systems (like Git) to help manage code changes,
collaborate with others, and keep
track of project history.

5. Terminal or Command Line Interface:

• An integrated terminal allows developers to run commands, scripts, or interact with the system
directly without leaving the
IDE.

6. Project Management:
• IDEs often provide tools for managing project files, dependencies, and libraries, making it
easier to organize and navigate
codebases.

7. Refactoring Tools:
• These tools help you restructure your code without changing its external behavior, making it
cleaner and easier to maintain.

8. Plugins and Extensions:

• Many IDEs support additional plugins or extensions that add extra features and functionality
tailored to specific development
needs.

>>Benefits of Using an IDE

1. Increased Productivity:
• By integrating various tools into a single interface, IDEs help reduce the time spent switching
between different applications and
tools.

2. Improved Code Quality:

• Features like syntax highlighting and debugging support help catch errors early, resulting in
higher-quality code.

3. Enhanced Collaboration:
• Version control integration allows teams to work together more effectively, making it easier to
track changes and resolve
conflicts.

4. Ease of Learning:
• IDEs often come with built-in documentation, tutorials, and community support, making them
accessible to beginners.

5. Customization:
• Many IDEs allow users to customize the interface and functionality to suit their preferences and
workflow.

>>Popular IDEs for Python and Other Languages

• Python: PyCharm, Visual Studio Code, Jupyter Notebook, Spyder, Thonny

• Java: IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, NetBeans
• C/C++: Code::Blocks, CLion, Visual Studio
• JavaScript: WebStorm, Atom, Visual Studio Code

>>1. PyCharm
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Intelligent code completion, robust debugging, and testing tools. Great for larger
projects.
• Note: Community (free) and Professional (paid) editions available.
• Ideal for: Professional developers and larger Python projects.

>> 2. Visual Studio Code (VS Code)

• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Lightweight, with Python extension support, debugging, Git integration, and a large
ecosystem of plugins.
• Ideal for: Beginners and pros, especially those working in multi-language projects.

>>3. Jupyter Notebook

•Platform: Web-based, runs locally or on a server
• Features: Intelligent code completion, robust debugging, and testing tools. Great for larger
project
• Ideal for: Community (free) and Professional (paid) editions availabl

>>4. Spyder
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Lightweight, with Python extension support, debugging, Git integration, and a large
ecosyste
• Ideal for: Data scientists and researchers needing a MATLAB-like environme

>> 5. Atom
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Highly customizable, multiple extensions, Python support, and GitHub integration.
• Ideal for: Developers who want a customizable experience and work across multiple languages.
 >> 6. Thonny
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Simple interface, step-by-step expression evaluation, easy for beginners.
• Ideal for: New programmers and those learning Python.

>>7. IDLE
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Lightweight, built-in Python IDE, with basic editing, debugging, and execution
capabilities.
• Ideal for: Beginners, as it’s included with Python installations.

>>8. Eclipse with PyDev

• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Code analysis, debugging, and support for multiple languages.
• Ideal for: Developers familiar with Eclipse and multi-language projects.

>>9. Wing
• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Intelligent editor, powerful debugger, remote development, and version control
integration.
• Note: Paid, but has a free version with limited features.
• Ideal for: Professional developers and advanced users.

>>10. Sublime Text with Python plugins

• Platform: Windows, macOS, Linux
• Features: Lightweight and fast, with multiple Python plugins for autocompletion and debugging.
• Ideal for: Users who want a fast editor and don’t need a full IDE.

>> 1. What is a Program?

• Definition:Aprogramisasetofinstructionsthat
tells a computer how to perform a specific task.

•Purpose:Programsarecreatedtoautomatetasks, solve problems, or provide instructions to

computers to complete tasks.
•Example:Acalculatorprogramperformsarithmetic operations like addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division based on user input.

>> 2. What is Code?

• Definition:Code is the written set of instructions in a programming language that makes up a
program.
• RoleinProgramming:Codecommunicates with the computer and gives it instructions that it can
understand and execute.
• Example:InPython,asimplelineofcode like print("Hello, World!") tells the computer to display
"Hello, World!" on the screen.

>>3. Python Syntax

• Definition: Syntax in programming is the set of rules that defines the structure of code in
a programming language.
• Python’s Syntax: Python is known for its clear and easy-to-read syntax. It uses indentation to
define code blocks (instead of curly braces {}), making it very readable.
• Examples of Basic Syntax Rules:
• Print Statement: print("Hello, World!") prints text to the screen.
• Variables: In Python, you can store data using variables, like name = "Alice".
• Comments: Adding # at the start of a line allows you to add comments, which are ignored by
the computer (e.g., # This is a comment).
• Indentation: Indentation is used to define the scope of loops, functions, and classes. For
example: python
• Copy code
• if 5 > 2: print("Five is greater than two")
• Data Types: Python supports several data types, such as:
• Strings: Text (e.g., "Hello").
• Integers: Whole numbers (e.g., 42).
• Floats: Decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14).
• Booleans: True or False.